shell: consolidate builtin_foo.? into shell_common.?; delete obsolete shells

Signed-off-by: Denys Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>

11 files changed, 442 insertions, 7436 deletions

diff --git a/shell/Kbuild b/shell/Kbuild
index 8b528654a..8bdb68b11 100644
--- a/shell/Kbuild
+++ b/shell/Kbuild
@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@
 # Licensed under the GPL v2, see the file LICENSE in this tarball.
 
 lib-y:=
-lib-$(CONFIG_ASH)      += ash.o ash_ptr_hack.o shell_common.o builtin_read.o builtin_ulimit.o
-lib-$(CONFIG_HUSH)     += hush.o match.o shell_common.o builtin_read.o builtin_ulimit.o
+lib-$(CONFIG_ASH)      += ash.o ash_ptr_hack.o shell_common.o
+lib-$(CONFIG_HUSH)     += hush.o match.o shell_common.o
 lib-$(CONFIG_CTTYHACK) += cttyhack.o
 
 lib-$(CONFIG_SH_MATH_SUPPORT) += math.o
diff --git a/shell/ash.c b/shell/ash.c
index 7efd477d1..9e7da1edd 100644
--- a/shell/ash.c
+++ b/shell/ash.c
@@ -48,8 +48,6 @@
 #include <fnmatch.h>
 
 #include "shell_common.h"
-#include "builtin_read.h"
-#include "builtin_ulimit.h"
 #include "math.h"
 #if ENABLE_ASH_RANDOM_SUPPORT
 # include "random.h"
diff --git a/shell/builtin_read.c b/shell/builtin_read.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 954e4cd14..000000000
--- a/shell/builtin_read.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,229 +0,0 @@
-/* vi: set sw=4 ts=4: */
-/*
- * Adapted from ash applet code
- *
- * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
- * Kenneth Almquist.
- *
- * Copyright (c) 1989, 1991, 1993, 1994
- *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
- *
- * Copyright (c) 1997-2005 Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
- * was re-ported from NetBSD and debianized.
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2010 Denys Vlasenko
- * Split from ash.c
- *
- * Licensed under the GPL v2 or later, see the file LICENSE in this tarball.
- */
-#include "libbb.h"
-#include "shell_common.h"
-#include "builtin_read.h"
-
-//TODO: use more efficient setvar() which takes a pointer to malloced "VAR=VAL"
-//string. hush naturally has it, and ash has setvareq().
-//Here we can simply store "VAR=" at buffer start and store read data directly
-//after "=", then pass buffer to setvar() to consume.
-
-const char* FAST_FUNC
-shell_builtin_read(void FAST_FUNC (*setvar)(const char *name, const char *val),
-	char       **argv,
-	const char *ifs,
-	int        read_flags,
-	const char *opt_n,
-	const char *opt_p,
-	const char *opt_t,
-	const char *opt_u
-)
-{
-	unsigned end_ms; /* -t TIMEOUT */
-	int fd; /* -u FD */
-	int nchars; /* -n NUM */
-	char **pp;
-	char *buffer;
-	struct termios tty, old_tty;
-	const char *retval;
-	int bufpos; /* need to be able to hold -1 */
-	int startword;
-	smallint backslash;
-
-	pp = argv;
-	while (*pp) {
-		if (!is_well_formed_var_name(*pp, '\0')) {
-			/* Mimic bash message */
-			bb_error_msg("read: '%s': not a valid identifier", *pp);
-			return (const char *)(uintptr_t)1;
-		}
-		pp++;
-	}
-
-	nchars = 0; /* if != 0, -n is in effect */
-	if (opt_n) {
-		nchars = bb_strtou(opt_n, NULL, 10);
-		if (nchars < 0 || errno)
-			return "invalid count";
-		/* note: "-n 0": off (bash 3.2 does this too) */
-	}
-	end_ms = 0;
-	if (opt_t) {
-		end_ms = bb_strtou(opt_t, NULL, 10);
-		if (errno || end_ms > UINT_MAX / 2048)
-			return "invalid timeout";
-		end_ms *= 1000;
-#if 0 /* even bash has no -t N.NNN support */
-		ts.tv_sec = bb_strtou(opt_t, &p, 10);
-		ts.tv_usec = 0;
-		/* EINVAL means number is ok, but not terminated by NUL */
-		if (*p == '.' && errno == EINVAL) {
-			char *p2;
-			if (*++p) {
-				int scale;
-				ts.tv_usec = bb_strtou(p, &p2, 10);
-				if (errno)
-					return "invalid timeout";
-				scale = p2 - p;
-				/* normalize to usec */
-				if (scale > 6)
-					return "invalid timeout";
-				while (scale++ < 6)
-					ts.tv_usec *= 10;
-			}
-		} else if (ts.tv_sec < 0 || errno) {
-			return "invalid timeout";
-		}
-		if (!(ts.tv_sec | ts.tv_usec)) { /* both are 0? */
-			return "invalid timeout";
-		}
-#endif /* if 0 */
-	}
-	fd = STDIN_FILENO;
-	if (opt_u) {
-		fd = bb_strtou(opt_u, NULL, 10);
-		if (fd < 0 || errno)
-			return "invalid file descriptor";
-	}
-
-	if (opt_p && isatty(fd)) {
-		fputs(opt_p, stderr);
-		fflush_all();
-	}
-
-	if (ifs == NULL)
-		ifs = defifs;
-
-	if (nchars || (read_flags & BUILTIN_READ_SILENT)) {
-		tcgetattr(fd, &tty);
-		old_tty = tty;
-		if (nchars) {
-			tty.c_lflag &= ~ICANON;
-			tty.c_cc[VMIN] = nchars < 256 ? nchars : 255;
-		}
-		if (read_flags & BUILTIN_READ_SILENT) {
-			tty.c_lflag &= ~(ECHO | ECHOK | ECHONL);
-		}
-		/* This forces execution of "restoring" tcgetattr later */
-		read_flags |= BUILTIN_READ_SILENT;
-		/* if tcgetattr failed, tcsetattr will fail too.
-		 * Ignoring, it's harmless. */
-		tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &tty);
-	}
-
-	retval = (const char *)(uintptr_t)0;
-	startword = 1;
-	backslash = 0;
-	if (end_ms) /* NB: end_ms stays nonzero: */
-		end_ms = ((unsigned)monotonic_ms() + end_ms) | 1;
-	buffer = NULL;
-	bufpos = 0;
-	do {
-		char c;
-
-		if (end_ms) {
-			int timeout;
-			struct pollfd pfd[1];
-
-			pfd[0].fd = fd;
-			pfd[0].events = POLLIN;
-			timeout = end_ms - (unsigned)monotonic_ms();
-			if (timeout <= 0 /* already late? */
-			 || safe_poll(pfd, 1, timeout) != 1 /* no? wait... */
-			) { /* timed out! */
-				retval = (const char *)(uintptr_t)1;
-				goto ret;
-			}
-		}
-
-		if ((bufpos & 0xff) == 0)
-			buffer = xrealloc(buffer, bufpos + 0x100);
-		if (nonblock_safe_read(fd, &buffer[bufpos], 1) != 1) {
-			retval = (const char *)(uintptr_t)1;
-			break;
-		}
-		c = buffer[bufpos];
-		if (c == '\0')
-			continue;
-		if (backslash) {
-			backslash = 0;
-			if (c != '\n')
-				goto put;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!(read_flags & BUILTIN_READ_RAW) && c == '\\') {
-			backslash = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (c == '\n')
-			break;
-
-		/* $IFS splitting. NOT done if we run "read"
-		 * without variable names (bash compat).
-		 * Thus, "read" and "read REPLY" are not the same.
-		 */
-		if (argv[0]) {
-/* http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/V3_chap02.html#tag_18_06_05 */
-			const char *is_ifs = strchr(ifs, c);
-			if (startword && is_ifs) {
-				if (isspace(c))
-					continue;
-				/* it is a non-space ifs char */
-				startword--;
-				if (startword == 1) /* first one? */
-					continue; /* yes, it is not next word yet */
-			}
-			startword = 0;
-			if (argv[1] != NULL && is_ifs) {
-				buffer[bufpos] = '\0';
-				bufpos = 0;
-				setvar(*argv, buffer);
-				argv++;
-				/* can we skip one non-space ifs char? (2: yes) */
-				startword = isspace(c) ? 2 : 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-		}
- put:
-		bufpos++;
-	} while (--nchars);
-
-	if (argv[0]) {
-		/* Remove trailing space $IFS chars */
-		while (--bufpos >= 0 && isspace(buffer[bufpos]) && strchr(ifs, buffer[bufpos]) != NULL)
-			continue;
-		buffer[bufpos + 1] = '\0';
-		/* Use the remainder as a value for the next variable */
-		setvar(*argv, buffer);
-		/* Set the rest to "" */
-		while (*++argv)
-			setvar(*argv, "");
-	} else {
-		/* Note: no $IFS removal */
-		buffer[bufpos] = '\0';
-		setvar("REPLY", buffer);
-	}
-
- ret:
-	free(buffer);
-	if (read_flags & BUILTIN_READ_SILENT)
-		tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &old_tty);
-	return retval;
-}
diff --git a/shell/builtin_read.h b/shell/builtin_read.h
deleted file mode 100644
index bc23dc5ae..000000000
--- a/shell/builtin_read.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-/* vi: set sw=4 ts=4: */
-/*
- * Adapted from ash applet code
- *
- * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
- * Kenneth Almquist.
- *
- * Copyright (c) 1989, 1991, 1993, 1994
- *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
- *
- * Copyright (c) 1997-2005 Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
- * was re-ported from NetBSD and debianized.
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2010 Denys Vlasenko
- * Split from ash.c
- *
- * Licensed under the GPL v2 or later, see the file LICENSE in this tarball.
- */
-#ifndef SHELL_BUILTIN_READ_H
-#define SHELL_BUILTIN_READ_H 1
-
-PUSH_AND_SET_FUNCTION_VISIBILITY_TO_HIDDEN
-
-enum {
-	BUILTIN_READ_SILENT = 1 << 0,
-	BUILTIN_READ_RAW    = 1 << 1,
-};
-
-const char* FAST_FUNC
-shell_builtin_read(void FAST_FUNC (*setvar)(const char *name, const char *val),
-	char       **argv,
-	const char *ifs,
-	int        read_flags,
-	const char *opt_n,
-	const char *opt_p,
-	const char *opt_t,
-	const char *opt_u
-);
-
-POP_SAVED_FUNCTION_VISIBILITY
-
-#endif
diff --git a/shell/builtin_ulimit.c b/shell/builtin_ulimit.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 9f9205eb6..000000000
--- a/shell/builtin_ulimit.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,228 +0,0 @@
-/* vi: set sw=4 ts=4: */
-/*
- * ulimit builtin
- *
- * Adapted from ash applet code
- *
- * This code, originally by Doug Gwyn, Doug Kingston, Eric Gisin, and
- * Michael Rendell was ripped from pdksh 5.0.8 and hacked for use with
- * ash by J.T. Conklin.
- *
- * Public domain.
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2010 Tobias Klauser
- * Split from ash.c and slightly adapted.
- *
- * Licensed under the GPL v2 or later, see the file LICENSE in this tarball.
- */
-#include "libbb.h"
-#include "builtin_ulimit.h"
-
-
-struct limits {
-	uint8_t cmd;            /* RLIMIT_xxx fit into it */
-	uint8_t factor_shift;   /* shift by to get rlim_{cur,max} values */
-	char option;
-	const char *name;
-};
-
-static const struct limits limits_tbl[] = {
-#ifdef RLIMIT_FSIZE
-	{ RLIMIT_FSIZE,		9,	'f',	"file size (blocks)" },
-#endif
-#ifdef RLIMIT_CPU
-	{ RLIMIT_CPU,		0,	't',	"cpu time (seconds)" },
-#endif
-#ifdef RLIMIT_DATA
-	{ RLIMIT_DATA,		10,	'd',	"data seg size (kb)" },
-#endif
-#ifdef RLIMIT_STACK
-	{ RLIMIT_STACK,		10,	's',	"stack size (kb)" },
-#endif
-#ifdef RLIMIT_CORE
-	{ RLIMIT_CORE,		9,	'c',	"core file size (blocks)" },
-#endif
-#ifdef RLIMIT_RSS
-	{ RLIMIT_RSS,		10,	'm',	"resident set size (kb)" },
-#endif
-#ifdef RLIMIT_MEMLOCK
-	{ RLIMIT_MEMLOCK,	10,	'l',	"locked memory (kb)" },
-#endif
-#ifdef RLIMIT_NPROC
-	{ RLIMIT_NPROC,		0,	'p',	"processes" },
-#endif
-#ifdef RLIMIT_NOFILE
-	{ RLIMIT_NOFILE,	0,	'n',	"file descriptors" },
-#endif
-#ifdef RLIMIT_AS
-	{ RLIMIT_AS,		10,	'v',	"address space (kb)" },
-#endif
-#ifdef RLIMIT_LOCKS
-	{ RLIMIT_LOCKS,		0,	'w',	"locks" },
-#endif
-};
-
-enum {
-	OPT_hard = (1 << 0),
-	OPT_soft = (1 << 1),
-};
-
-/* "-": treat args as parameters of option with ASCII code 1 */
-static const char ulimit_opt_string[] = "-HSa"
-#ifdef RLIMIT_FSIZE
-			"f::"
-#endif
-#ifdef RLIMIT_CPU
-			"t::"
-#endif
-#ifdef RLIMIT_DATA
-			"d::"
-#endif
-#ifdef RLIMIT_STACK
-			"s::"
-#endif
-#ifdef RLIMIT_CORE
-			"c::"
-#endif
-#ifdef RLIMIT_RSS
-			"m::"
-#endif
-#ifdef RLIMIT_MEMLOCK
-			"l::"
-#endif
-#ifdef RLIMIT_NPROC
-			"p::"
-#endif
-#ifdef RLIMIT_NOFILE
-			"n::"
-#endif
-#ifdef RLIMIT_AS
-			"v::"
-#endif
-#ifdef RLIMIT_LOCKS
-			"w::"
-#endif
-			;
-
-static void printlim(unsigned opts, const struct rlimit *limit,
-			const struct limits *l)
-{
-	rlim_t val;
-
-	val = limit->rlim_max;
-	if (!(opts & OPT_hard))
-		val = limit->rlim_cur;
-
-	if (val == RLIM_INFINITY)
-		printf("unlimited\n");
-	else {
-		val >>= l->factor_shift;
-		printf("%llu\n", (long long) val);
-	}
-}
-
-int FAST_FUNC shell_builtin_ulimit(char **argv)
-{
-	unsigned opts;
-	unsigned argc;
-
-	/* We can't use getopt32: need to handle commands like
-	 * ulimit 123 -c2 -l 456
-	 */
-
-	/* In case getopt was already called:
-	 * reset the libc getopt() function, which keeps internal state.
-	 */
-#ifdef __GLIBC__
-	optind = 0;
-#else /* BSD style */
-	optind = 1;
-	/* optreset = 1; */
-#endif
-	/* optarg = NULL; opterr = 0; optopt = 0; - do we need this?? */
-
-        argc = 1;
-        while (argv[argc])
-                argc++;
-
-	opts = 0;
-	while (1) {
-		struct rlimit limit;
-		const struct limits *l;
-		int opt_char = getopt(argc, argv, ulimit_opt_string);
-
-		if (opt_char == -1)
-			break;
-		if (opt_char == 'H') {
-			opts |= OPT_hard;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (opt_char == 'S') {
-			opts |= OPT_soft;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if (opt_char == 'a') {
-			for (l = limits_tbl; l != &limits_tbl[ARRAY_SIZE(limits_tbl)]; l++) {
-				getrlimit(l->cmd, &limit);
-				printf("-%c: %-30s ", l->option, l->name);
-				printlim(opts, &limit, l);
-			}
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if (opt_char == 1)
-			opt_char = 'f';
-		for (l = limits_tbl; l != &limits_tbl[ARRAY_SIZE(limits_tbl)]; l++) {
-			if (opt_char == l->option) {
-				char *val_str;
-
-				getrlimit(l->cmd, &limit);
-
-				val_str = optarg;
-				if (!val_str && argv[optind] && argv[optind][0] != '-')
-					val_str = argv[optind++]; /* ++ skips NN in "-c NN" case */
-				if (val_str) {
-					rlim_t val;
-
-					if (strcmp(val_str, "unlimited") == 0)
-						val = RLIM_INFINITY;
-					else {
-						if (sizeof(val) == sizeof(int))
-							val = bb_strtou(val_str, NULL, 10);
-						else if (sizeof(val) == sizeof(long))
-							val = bb_strtoul(val_str, NULL, 10);
-						else
-							val = bb_strtoull(val_str, NULL, 10);
-						if (errno) {
-							bb_error_msg("bad number");
-							return EXIT_FAILURE;
-						}
-						val <<= l->factor_shift;
-					}
-//bb_error_msg("opt %c val_str:'%s' val:%lld", opt_char, val_str, (long long)val);
-					if (opts & OPT_hard)
-						limit.rlim_max = val;
-					if ((opts & OPT_soft) || opts == 0)
-						limit.rlim_cur = val;
-//bb_error_msg("setrlimit(%d, %lld, %lld)", l->cmd, (long long)limit.rlim_cur, (long long)limit.rlim_max);
-					if (setrlimit(l->cmd, &limit) < 0) {
-						bb_perror_msg("error setting limit");
-						return EXIT_FAILURE;
-					}
-				} else {
-					printlim(opts, &limit, l);
-				}
-				break;
-			}
-		} /* for (every possible opt) */
-
-		if (l == &limits_tbl[ARRAY_SIZE(limits_tbl)]) {
-			/* bad option. getopt already complained. */
-			break;
-		}
-
-	} /* while (there are options) */
-
-	return 0;
-}
diff --git a/shell/builtin_ulimit.h b/shell/builtin_ulimit.h
deleted file mode 100644
index ec1af78a6..000000000
--- a/shell/builtin_ulimit.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-/* vi: set sw=4 ts=4: */
-/*
- * Adapted from ash applet code
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2010 Tobias Klauser
- * Split from ash.c and slightly adapted.
- *
- * Licensed under the GPL v2 or later, see the file LICENSE in this tarball.
- */
-#ifndef SHELL_BUILTIN_ULIMIT_H
-#define SHELL_BUILTIN_ULIMIT_H 1
-
-PUSH_AND_SET_FUNCTION_VISIBILITY_TO_HIDDEN
-
-int FAST_FUNC shell_builtin_ulimit(char **argv);
-
-POP_SAVED_FUNCTION_VISIBILITY
-
-#endif
diff --git a/shell/hush.c b/shell/hush.c
index 72cfb232a..4cccf31a4 100644
--- a/shell/hush.c
+++ b/shell/hush.c
@@ -90,8 +90,6 @@
 #endif
 
 #include "shell_common.h"
-#include "builtin_read.h"
-#include "builtin_ulimit.h"
 #include "math.h"
 #include "match.h"
 #if ENABLE_HUSH_RANDOM_SUPPORT
diff --git a/shell/lash_unused.c b/shell/lash_unused.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 513918962..000000000
--- a/shell/lash_unused.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1576 +0,0 @@
-/* vi: set sw=4 ts=4: */
-/*
- * lash -- the BusyBox Lame-Ass SHell
- *
- * Copyright (C) 1999-2004 by Erik Andersen <andersen@codepoet.org>
- *
- * Based in part on ladsh.c by Michael K. Johnson and Erik W. Troan, which is
- * under the following liberal license: "We have placed this source code in the
- * public domain. Use it in any project, free or commercial."
- *
- * Licensed under the GPL v2 or later, see the file LICENSE in this tarball.
- */
-
-/* This shell's parsing engine is officially at a dead-end.  Future
- * work shell work should be done using hush, msh, or ash.  This is
- * still a very useful, small shell -- it just don't need any more
- * features beyond what it already has...
- */
-
-//For debugging/development on the shell only...
-//#define DEBUG_SHELL
-
-#include <getopt.h>
-#include <glob.h>
-
-#include "libbb.h"
-
-#define expand_t	glob_t
-
-/* Always enable for the moment... */
-#define CONFIG_LASH_PIPE_N_REDIRECTS
-#define CONFIG_LASH_JOB_CONTROL
-#define ENABLE_LASH_PIPE_N_REDIRECTS 1
-#define ENABLE_LASH_JOB_CONTROL      1
-
-
-enum { MAX_READ = 128 }; /* size of input buffer for 'read' builtin */
-#define JOB_STATUS_FORMAT "[%d] %-22s %.40s\n"
-
-
-#if ENABLE_LASH_PIPE_N_REDIRECTS
-enum redir_type { REDIRECT_INPUT, REDIRECT_OVERWRITE,
-	REDIRECT_APPEND
-};
-#endif
-
-enum {
-	DEFAULT_CONTEXT = 0x1,
-	IF_TRUE_CONTEXT = 0x2,
-	IF_FALSE_CONTEXT = 0x4,
-	THEN_EXP_CONTEXT = 0x8,
-	ELSE_EXP_CONTEXT = 0x10
-};
-
-#define LASH_OPT_DONE (1)
-#define LASH_OPT_SAW_QUOTE (2)
-
-#if ENABLE_LASH_PIPE_N_REDIRECTS
-struct redir_struct {
-	enum redir_type type;	/* type of redirection */
-	int fd;						/* file descriptor being redirected */
-	char *filename;				/* file to redirect fd to */
-};
-#endif
-
-struct child_prog {
-	pid_t pid;					/* 0 if exited */
-	char **argv;				/* program name and arguments */
-	int num_redirects;			/* elements in redirection array */
-	int is_stopped;				/* is the program currently running? */
-	struct job *family;			/* pointer back to the child's parent job */
-#if ENABLE_LASH_PIPE_N_REDIRECTS
-	struct redir_struct *redirects;	/* I/O redirects */
-#endif
-};
-
-struct jobset {
-	struct job *head;			/* head of list of running jobs */
-	struct job *fg;				/* current foreground job */
-};
-
-struct job {
-	int jobid;					/* job number */
-	int num_progs;				/* total number of programs in job */
-	int running_progs;			/* number of programs running */
-	char *text;					/* name of job */
-	char *cmdbuf;				/* buffer various argv's point into */
-	pid_t pgrp;					/* process group ID for the job */
-	struct child_prog *progs;	/* array of programs in job */
-	struct job *next;			/* to track background commands */
-	int stopped_progs;			/* number of programs alive, but stopped */
-	unsigned int job_context;	/* bitmask defining current context */
-	struct jobset *job_list;
-};
-
-struct built_in_command {
-	const char *cmd;   /* name */
-	const char *descr; /* description */
-	int (*function) (struct child_prog *);	/* function ptr */
-};
-
-/* function prototypes for builtins */
-static int builtin_cd(struct child_prog *cmd);
-static int builtin_exec(struct child_prog *cmd);
-static int builtin_exit(struct child_prog *cmd);
-static int builtin_fg_bg(struct child_prog *cmd);
-static int builtin_help(struct child_prog *cmd);
-static int builtin_jobs(struct child_prog *dummy);
-static int builtin_pwd(struct child_prog *dummy);
-static int builtin_export(struct child_prog *cmd);
-static int builtin_source(struct child_prog *cmd);
-static int builtin_unset(struct child_prog *cmd);
-static int builtin_read(struct child_prog *cmd);
-
-
-/* function prototypes for shell stuff */
-static void checkjobs(struct jobset *job_list);
-static void remove_job(struct jobset *j_list, struct job *job);
-static int get_command_bufsiz(FILE *source, char *command);
-static int parse_command(char **command_ptr, struct job *job, int *inbg);
-static int run_command(struct job *newjob, int inbg, int outpipe[2]);
-static int pseudo_exec(struct child_prog *cmd) NORETURN;
-static int busy_loop(FILE *input);
-
-
-/* Table of built-in functions (these are non-forking builtins, meaning they
- * can change global variables in the parent shell process but they will not
- * work with pipes and redirects; 'unset foo | whatever' will not work) */
-static const struct built_in_command bltins[] = {
-	{"bg"    , "Resume a job in the background", builtin_fg_bg},
-	{"cd"    , "Change working directory", builtin_cd},
-	{"exec"  , "Exec command, replacing this shell with the exec'd process", builtin_exec},
-	{"exit"  , "Exit from shell()", builtin_exit},
-	{"fg"    , "Bring job into the foreground", builtin_fg_bg},
-	{"jobs"  , "Lists the active jobs", builtin_jobs},
-	{"export", "Set environment variable", builtin_export},
-	{"unset" , "Unset environment variable", builtin_unset},
-	{"read"  , "Input environment variable", builtin_read},
-	{"."     , "Source-in and run commands in a file", builtin_source},
-	/* These were "forked applets", but distinction was nuked */
-	/* Original comment retained: */
-	/* Table of forking built-in functions (things that fork cannot change global
-	 * variables in the parent process, such as the current working directory) */
-	{"pwd"   , "Print current directory", builtin_pwd},
-	{"help"  , "List shell built-in commands", builtin_help},
-	/* to do: add ulimit */
-};
-
-
-#define VEC_LAST(v) v[ARRAY_SIZE(v)-1]
-
-
-static int shell_context;  /* Type prompt trigger (PS1 or PS2) */
-
-
-/* Globals that are static to this file */
-static char *cwd;
-static char *local_pending_command;
-static struct jobset job_list = { NULL, NULL };
-static int global_argc;
-static char **global_argv;
-static llist_t *close_me_list;
-static int last_return_code;
-static int last_bg_pid;
-static unsigned int last_jobid;
-static int shell_terminal;
-static const char *PS1;
-static const char *PS2 = "> ";
-
-
-#ifdef DEBUG_SHELL
-static inline void debug_printf(const char *format, ...)
-{
-	va_list args;
-	va_start(args, format);
-	vfprintf(stderr, format, args);
-	va_end(args);
-}
-#else
-static inline void debug_printf(const char UNUSED_PARAM *format, ...) { }
-#endif
-
-/*
-	Most builtins need access to the struct child_prog that has
-	their arguments, previously coded as cmd->progs[0].  That coding
-	can exhibit a bug, if the builtin is not the first command in
-	a pipeline: "echo foo | exec sort" will attempt to exec foo.
-
-builtin   previous use      notes
------- -----------------  ---------
-cd      cmd->progs[0]
-exec    cmd->progs[0]  squashed bug: didn't look for applets or forking builtins
-exit    cmd->progs[0]
-fg_bg   cmd->progs[0], job_list->head, job_list->fg
-help    0
-jobs    job_list->head
-pwd     0
-export  cmd->progs[0]
-source  cmd->progs[0]
-unset   cmd->progs[0]
-read    cmd->progs[0]
-
-I added "struct job *family;" to struct child_prog,
-and switched API to builtin_foo(struct child_prog *child);
-So   cmd->text        becomes  child->family->text
-     cmd->job_context  becomes  child->family->job_context
-     cmd->progs[0]    becomes  *child
-     job_list          becomes  child->family->job_list
- */
-
-
-static void update_cwd(void)
-{
-	cwd = xrealloc_getcwd_or_warn(cwd);
-	if (!cwd)
-		cwd = xstrdup(bb_msg_unknown);
-}
-
-/* built-in 'cd <path>' handler */
-static int builtin_cd(struct child_prog *child)
-{
-	char *newdir;
-
-	if (child->argv[1] == NULL)
-		newdir = getenv("HOME");
-	else
-		newdir = child->argv[1];
-	if (chdir(newdir)) {
-		bb_perror_msg("cd: %s", newdir);
-		return EXIT_FAILURE;
-	}
-	update_cwd();
-	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-/* built-in 'exec' handler */
-static int builtin_exec(struct child_prog *child)
-{
-	if (child->argv[1] == NULL)
-		return EXIT_SUCCESS;   /* Really? */
-	child->argv++;
-	while (close_me_list)
-		close((long)llist_pop(&close_me_list));
-	pseudo_exec(child);
-	/* never returns */
-}
-
-/* built-in 'exit' handler */
-static int builtin_exit(struct child_prog *child)
-{
-	if (child->argv[1] == NULL)
-		exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
-
-	exit(atoi(child->argv[1]));
-}
-
-/* built-in 'fg' and 'bg' handler */
-static int builtin_fg_bg(struct child_prog *child)
-{
-	int i, jobnum;
-	struct job *job;
-
-	/* If they gave us no args, assume they want the last backgrounded task */
-	if (!child->argv[1]) {
-		for (job = child->family->job_list->head; job; job = job->next) {
-			if (job->jobid == last_jobid) {
-				goto found;
-			}
-		}
-		bb_error_msg("%s: no current job", child->argv[0]);
-		return EXIT_FAILURE;
-	}
-	if (sscanf(child->argv[1], "%%%d", &jobnum) != 1) {
-		bb_error_msg(bb_msg_invalid_arg, child->argv[1], child->argv[0]);
-		return EXIT_FAILURE;
-	}
-	for (job = child->family->job_list->head; job; job = job->next) {
-		if (job->jobid == jobnum) {
-			goto found;
-		}
-	}
-	bb_error_msg("%s: %d: no such job", child->argv[0], jobnum);
-	return EXIT_FAILURE;
- found:
-	if (*child->argv[0] == 'f') {
-		/* Put the job into the foreground.  */
-		tcsetpgrp(shell_terminal, job->pgrp);
-
-		child->family->job_list->fg = job;
-	}
-
-	/* Restart the processes in the job */
-	for (i = 0; i < job->num_progs; i++)
-		job->progs[i].is_stopped = 0;
-
-	job->stopped_progs = 0;
-
-	i = kill(- job->pgrp, SIGCONT);
-	if (i < 0) {
-		if (errno == ESRCH) {
-			remove_job(&job_list, job);
-		} else {
-			bb_perror_msg("kill (SIGCONT)");
-		}
-	}
-
-	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-/* built-in 'help' handler */
-static int builtin_help(struct child_prog UNUSED_PARAM *dummy)
-{
-	const struct built_in_command *x;
-
-	printf(
-		"Built-in commands:\n"
-		"------------------\n");
-	for (x = bltins; x <= &VEC_LAST(bltins); x++) {
-		if (x->descr == NULL)
-			continue;
-		printf("%s\t%s\n", x->cmd, x->descr);
-	}
-	bb_putchar('\n');
-	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-/* built-in 'jobs' handler */
-static int builtin_jobs(struct child_prog *child)
-{
-	struct job *job;
-	const char *status_string;
-
-	for (job = child->family->job_list->head; job; job = job->next) {
-		if (job->running_progs == job->stopped_progs)
-			status_string = "Stopped";
-		else
-			status_string = "Running";
-
-		printf(JOB_STATUS_FORMAT, job->jobid, status_string, job->text);
-	}
-	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-
-/* built-in 'pwd' handler */
-static int builtin_pwd(struct child_prog UNUSED_PARAM *dummy)
-{
-	update_cwd();
-	puts(cwd);
-	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-/* built-in 'export VAR=value' handler */
-static int builtin_export(struct child_prog *child)
-{
-	int res;
-	char *v = child->argv[1];
-
-	if (v == NULL) {
-		char **e;
-		for (e = environ; *e; e++) {
-			puts(*e);
-		}
-		return 0;
-	}
-	res = putenv(v);
-	if (res)
-		bb_perror_msg("export");
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING_FANCY_PROMPT
-	if (strncmp(v, "PS1=", 4) == 0)
-		PS1 = getenv("PS1");
-#endif
-
-#if ENABLE_LOCALE_SUPPORT
-	// TODO: why getenv? "" would be just as good...
-	if (strncmp(v, "LC_ALL=", 7) == 0)
-		setlocale(LC_ALL, getenv("LC_ALL"));
-	if (strncmp(v, "LC_CTYPE=", 9) == 0)
-		setlocale(LC_CTYPE, getenv("LC_CTYPE"));
-#endif
-
-	return res;
-}
-
-/* built-in 'read VAR' handler */
-static int builtin_read(struct child_prog *child)
-{
-	int res = 0, len;
-	char *s;
-	char string[MAX_READ];
-
-	if (child->argv[1]) {
-		/* argument (VAR) given: put "VAR=" into buffer */
-		safe_strncpy(string, child->argv[1], MAX_READ-1);
-		len = strlen(string);
-		string[len++] = '=';
-		string[len]   = '\0';
-		fgets(&string[len], sizeof(string) - len, stdin);	/* read string */
-		res = strlen(string);
-		if (res > len)
-			string[--res] = '\0';	/* chomp trailing newline */
-		/*
-		** string should now contain "VAR=<value>"
-		** copy it (putenv() won't do that, so we must make sure
-		** the string resides in a static buffer!)
-		*/
-		res = -1;
-		s = strdup(string);
-		if (s)
-			res = putenv(s);
-		if (res)
-			bb_perror_msg("read");
-	} else
-		fgets(string, sizeof(string), stdin);
-
-	return res;
-}
-
-/* Built-in '.' handler (read-in and execute commands from file) */
-static int builtin_source(struct child_prog *child)
-{
-	FILE *input;
-	int status;
-
-	input = fopen_or_warn(child->argv[1], "r");
-	if (!input) {
-		return EXIT_FAILURE;
-	}
-
-	llist_add_to(&close_me_list, (void *)(long)fileno(input));
-	/* Now run the file */
-	status = busy_loop(input);
-	fclose(input);
-	llist_pop(&close_me_list);
-	return status;
-}
-
-/* built-in 'unset VAR' handler */
-static int builtin_unset(struct child_prog *child)
-{
-	if (child->argv[1] == NULL) {
-		printf(bb_msg_requires_arg, "unset");
-		return EXIT_FAILURE;
-	}
-	unsetenv(child->argv[1]);
-	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-#if ENABLE_LASH_JOB_CONTROL
-/* free up all memory from a job */
-static void free_job(struct job *cmd)
-{
-	int i;
-	struct jobset *keep;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < cmd->num_progs; i++) {
-		free(cmd->progs[i].argv);
-#if ENABLE_LASH_PIPE_N_REDIRECTS
-		free(cmd->progs[i].redirects);
-#endif
-	}
-	free(cmd->progs);
-	free(cmd->text);
-	free(cmd->cmdbuf);
-	keep = cmd->job_list;
-	memset(cmd, 0, sizeof(struct job));
-	cmd->job_list = keep;
-}
-
-/* remove a job from a jobset */
-static void remove_job(struct jobset *j_list, struct job *job)
-{
-	struct job *prevjob;
-
-	free_job(job);
-	if (job == j_list->head) {
-		j_list->head = job->next;
-	} else {
-		prevjob = j_list->head;
-		while (prevjob->next != job)
-			prevjob = prevjob->next;
-		prevjob->next = job->next;
-	}
-
-	if (j_list->head)
-		last_jobid = j_list->head->jobid;
-	else
-		last_jobid = 0;
-
-	free(job);
-}
-
-/* Checks to see if any background processes have exited -- if they
-   have, figure out why and see if a job has completed */
-static void checkjobs(struct jobset *j_list)
-{
-	struct job *job;
-	pid_t childpid;
-	int status;
-	int prognum = 0;
-
-	while ((childpid = waitpid(-1, &status, WNOHANG | WUNTRACED)) > 0) {
-		for (job = j_list->head; job; job = job->next) {
-			prognum = 0;
-			while (prognum < job->num_progs &&
-				   job->progs[prognum].pid != childpid) prognum++;
-			if (prognum < job->num_progs)
-				break;
-		}
-
-		/* This happens on backticked commands */
-		if (job == NULL)
-			return;
-
-		if (WIFEXITED(status) || WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
-			/* child exited */
-			job->running_progs--;
-			job->progs[prognum].pid = 0;
-
-			if (!job->running_progs) {
-				printf(JOB_STATUS_FORMAT, job->jobid, "Done", job->text);
-				last_jobid = 0;
-				remove_job(j_list, job);
-			}
-		} else {
-			/* child stopped */
-			job->stopped_progs++;
-			job->progs[prognum].is_stopped = 1;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (childpid == -1 && errno != ECHILD)
-		bb_perror_msg("waitpid");
-}
-#else
-static void checkjobs(struct jobset *j_list)
-{
-}
-static void free_job(struct job *cmd)
-{
-}
-static void remove_job(struct jobset *j_list, struct job *job)
-{
-}
-#endif
-
-#if ENABLE_LASH_PIPE_N_REDIRECTS
-/* squirrel != NULL means we squirrel away copies of stdin, stdout,
- * and stderr if they are redirected. */
-static int setup_redirects(struct child_prog *prog, int squirrel[])
-{
-	int i;
-	int openfd;
-	int mode = O_RDONLY;
-	struct redir_struct *redir = prog->redirects;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < prog->num_redirects; i++, redir++) {
-		switch (redir->type) {
-		case REDIRECT_INPUT:
-			mode = O_RDONLY;
-			break;
-		case REDIRECT_OVERWRITE:
-			mode = O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC;
-			break;
-		case REDIRECT_APPEND:
-			mode = O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_APPEND;
-			break;
-		}
-
-		openfd = open_or_warn(redir->filename, mode);
-		if (openfd < 0) {
-			/* this could get lost if stderr has been redirected, but
-			   bash and ash both lose it as well (though zsh doesn't!) */
-			return 1;
-		}
-
-		if (openfd != redir->fd) {
-			if (squirrel && redir->fd < 3) {
-				squirrel[redir->fd] = dup(redir->fd);
-				close_on_exec_on(squirrel[redir->fd]);
-			}
-			dup2(openfd, redir->fd);
-			close(openfd);
-		}
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void restore_redirects(int squirrel[])
-{
-	int i, fd;
-	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
-		fd = squirrel[i];
-		if (fd != -1) {
-			/* No error checking.  I sure wouldn't know what
-			 * to do with an error if I found one! */
-			dup2(fd, i);
-			close(fd);
-		}
-	}
-}
-#else
-static inline int setup_redirects(struct child_prog *prog, int squirrel[])
-{
-	return 0;
-}
-static inline void restore_redirects(int squirrel[])
-{
-}
-#endif
-
-static inline void cmdedit_set_initial_prompt(void)
-{
-#if !ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING_FANCY_PROMPT
-	PS1 = NULL;
-#else
-	PS1 = getenv("PS1");
-	if (PS1 == 0)
-		PS1 = "\\w \\$ ";
-#endif
-}
-
-static inline const char* setup_prompt_string(void)
-{
-#if !ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING_FANCY_PROMPT
-	/* Set up the prompt */
-	if (shell_context == 0) {
-		char *ns;
-		free((char*)PS1);
-		ns = xmalloc(strlen(cwd)+4);
-		sprintf(ns, "%s %c ", cwd, (geteuid() != 0) ? '$': '#');
-		PS1 = ns;
-		return ns;
-	} else {
-		return PS2;
-	}
-#else
-	return (shell_context == 0)? PS1 : PS2;
-#endif
-}
-
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING
-static line_input_t *line_input_state;
-#endif
-
-static int get_command_bufsiz(FILE *source, char *command)
-{
-	const char *prompt_str;
-
-	if (source == NULL) {
-		if (local_pending_command) {
-			/* a command specified (-c option): return it & mark it done */
-			strncpy(command, local_pending_command, BUFSIZ);
-			local_pending_command = NULL;
-			return 0;
-		}
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	if (source == stdin) {
-		prompt_str = setup_prompt_string();
-
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING
-		/*
-		** enable command line editing only while a command line
-		** is actually being read; otherwise, we'll end up bequeathing
-		** atexit() handlers and other unwanted stuff to our
-		** child processes (rob@sysgo.de)
-		*/
-		read_line_input(prompt_str, command, BUFSIZ, line_input_state);
-		return 0;
-#else
-		fputs(prompt_str, stdout);
-#endif
-	}
-
-	if (!fgets(command, BUFSIZ - 2, source)) {
-		if (source == stdin)
-			bb_putchar('\n');
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static char * strsep_space(char *string, int * ix)
-{
-	/* Short circuit the trivial case */
-	if (!string || ! string[*ix])
-		return NULL;
-
-	/* Find the end of the token. */
-	while (string[*ix] && !isspace(string[*ix]) ) {
-		(*ix)++;
-	}
-
-	/* Find the end of any whitespace trailing behind
-	 * the token and let that be part of the token */
-	while (string[*ix] && isspace(string[*ix])) {
-		(*ix)++;
-	}
-
-	if (!*ix) {
-		/* Nothing useful was found */
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	return xstrndup(string, *ix);
-}
-
-static int expand_arguments(char *command)
-{
-	static const char out_of_space[] ALIGN1 = "out of space during expansion";
-
-	int total_length = 0, length, i, retval, ix = 0;
-	expand_t expand_result;
-	char *tmpcmd, *cmd, *cmd_copy;
-	char *src, *dst, *var;
-	int flags = GLOB_NOCHECK
-#ifdef GLOB_BRACE
-		| GLOB_BRACE
-#endif
-#ifdef GLOB_TILDE
-		| GLOB_TILDE
-#endif
-		;
-
-	/* get rid of the terminating \n */
-	chomp(command);
-
-	/* Fix up escape sequences to be the Real Thing(tm) */
-	while (command && command[ix]) {
-		if (command[ix] == '\\') {
-			const char *tmp = command+ix+1;
-			command[ix] = bb_process_escape_sequence(  &tmp );
-			memmove(command+ix + 1, tmp, strlen(tmp)+1);
-		}
-		ix++;
-	}
-	/* Use glob and then fixup environment variables and such */
-
-	/* It turns out that glob is very stupid.  We have to feed it one word at a
-	 * time since it can't cope with a full string.  Here we convert command
-	 * (char*) into cmd (char**, one word per string) */
-
-	/* We need a clean copy, so strsep can mess up the copy while
-	 * we write stuff into the original (in a minute) */
-	cmd = cmd_copy = xstrdup(command);
-	*command = '\0';
-	for (ix = 0, tmpcmd = cmd;
-			(tmpcmd = strsep_space(cmd, &ix)) != NULL; cmd += ix, ix = 0) {
-		if (*tmpcmd == '\0')
-			break;
-		/* we need to trim() the result for glob! */
-		trim(tmpcmd);
-		retval = glob(tmpcmd, flags, NULL, &expand_result);
-		free(tmpcmd); /* Free mem allocated by strsep_space */
-		if (retval == GLOB_NOSPACE) {
-			/* Mem may have been allocated... */
-			globfree(&expand_result);
-			bb_error_msg(out_of_space);
-			return FALSE;
-		} else if (retval != 0) {
-			/* Some other error.  GLOB_NOMATCH shouldn't
-			 * happen because of the GLOB_NOCHECK flag in
-			 * the glob call. */
-			bb_error_msg("syntax error");
-			return FALSE;
-		} else {
-			/* Convert from char** (one word per string) to a simple char*,
-			 * but don't overflow command which is BUFSIZ in length */
-			for (i = 0; i < expand_result.gl_pathc; i++) {
-				length = strlen(expand_result.gl_pathv[i]);
-				if (total_length+length+1 >= BUFSIZ) {
-					bb_error_msg(out_of_space);
-					return FALSE;
-				}
-				strcat(command+total_length, " ");
-				total_length += 1;
-				strcat(command+total_length, expand_result.gl_pathv[i]);
-				total_length += length;
-			}
-			globfree(&expand_result);
-		}
-	}
-	free(cmd_copy);
-	trim(command);
-
-	/* Now do the shell variable substitutions which
-	 * wordexp can't do for us, namely $? and $! */
-	src = command;
-	while ((dst = strchr(src,'$')) != NULL) {
-		var = NULL;
-		switch (*(dst+1)) {
-			case '?':
-				var = itoa(last_return_code);
-				break;
-			case '!':
-				if (last_bg_pid == -1)
-					*var = '\0';
-				else
-					var = itoa(last_bg_pid);
-				break;
-				/* Everything else like $$, $#, $[0-9], etc. should all be
-				 * expanded by wordexp(), so we can in theory skip that stuff
-				 * here, but just to be on the safe side (i.e., since uClibc
-				 * wordexp doesn't do this stuff yet), lets leave it in for
-				 * now. */
-			case '$':
-				var = itoa(getpid());
-				break;
-			case '#':
-				var = itoa(global_argc - 1);
-				break;
-			case '0':case '1':case '2':case '3':case '4':
-			case '5':case '6':case '7':case '8':case '9':
-				{
-					int ixx = *(dst+1)-48+1;
-					if (ixx >= global_argc) {
-						var = '\0';
-					} else {
-						var = global_argv[ixx];
-					}
-				}
-				break;
-
-		}
-		if (var) {
-			/* a single character construction was found, and
-			 * already handled in the case statement */
-			src = dst + 2;
-		} else {
-			/* Looks like an environment variable */
-			char delim_hold;
-			int num_skip_chars = 0;
-			int dstlen = strlen(dst);
-			/* Is this a ${foo} type variable? */
-			if (dstlen >= 2 && *(dst+1) == '{') {
-				src = strchr(dst+1, '}');
-				num_skip_chars = 1;
-			} else {
-				src = dst + 1;
-				while (isalnum(*src) || *src == '_') src++;
-			}
-			if (src == NULL) {
-				src = dst+dstlen;
-			}
-			delim_hold = *src;
-			*src = '\0';  /* temporary */
-			var = getenv(dst + 1 + num_skip_chars);
-			*src = delim_hold;
-			src += num_skip_chars;
-		}
-		if (var == NULL) {
-			/* Seems we got an un-expandable variable.  So delete it. */
-			var = (char*)"";
-		}
-		{
-			int subst_len = strlen(var);
-			int trail_len = strlen(src);
-			if (dst+subst_len+trail_len >= command+BUFSIZ) {
-				bb_error_msg(out_of_space);
-				return FALSE;
-			}
-			/* Move stuff to the end of the string to accommodate
-			 * filling the created gap with the new stuff */
-			memmove(dst+subst_len, src, trail_len+1);
-			/* Now copy in the new stuff */
-			memcpy(dst, var, subst_len);
-			src = dst+subst_len;
-		}
-	}
-
-	return TRUE;
-}
-
-/* Return cmd->num_progs as 0 if no command is present (e.g. an empty
-   line). If a valid command is found, command_ptr is set to point to
-   the beginning of the next command (if the original command had more
-   then one job associated with it) or NULL if no more commands are
-   present. */
-static int parse_command(char **command_ptr, struct job *job, int *inbg)
-{
-	char *command;
-	char *return_command = NULL;
-	char *src, *buf;
-	int argc_l;
-	int flag;
-	int argv_alloced;
-	char quote = '\0';
-	struct child_prog *prog;
-#if ENABLE_LASH_PIPE_N_REDIRECTS
-	int i;
-	char *chptr;
-#endif
-
-	/* skip leading white space */
-	*command_ptr = skip_whitespace(*command_ptr);
-
-	/* this handles empty lines or leading '#' characters */
-	if (!**command_ptr || (**command_ptr == '#')) {
-		job->num_progs = 0;
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	*inbg = 0;
-	job->num_progs = 1;
-	job->progs = xmalloc(sizeof(*job->progs));
-
-	/* We set the argv elements to point inside of this string. The
-	   memory is freed by free_job(). Allocate twice the original
-	   length in case we need to quote every single character.
-
-	   Getting clean memory relieves us of the task of NULL
-	   terminating things and makes the rest of this look a bit
-	   cleaner (though it is, admittedly, a tad less efficient) */
-	job->cmdbuf = command = xzalloc(2*strlen(*command_ptr) + 1);
-	job->text = NULL;
-
-	prog = job->progs;
-	prog->num_redirects = 0;
-	prog->is_stopped = 0;
-	prog->family = job;
-#if ENABLE_LASH_PIPE_N_REDIRECTS
-	prog->redirects = NULL;
-#endif
-
-	argv_alloced = 5;
-	prog->argv = xmalloc(sizeof(*prog->argv) * argv_alloced);
-	prog->argv[0] = job->cmdbuf;
-
-	flag = argc_l = 0;
-	buf = command;
-	src = *command_ptr;
-	while (*src && !(flag & LASH_OPT_DONE)) {
-		if (quote == *src) {
-			quote = '\0';
-		} else if (quote) {
-			if (*src == '\\') {
-				src++;
-				if (!*src) {
-					bb_error_msg("character expected after \\");
-					free_job(job);
-					return 1;
-				}
-
-				/* in shell, "\'" should yield \' */
-				if (*src != quote) {
-					*buf++ = '\\';
-					*buf++ = '\\';
-				}
-			} else
-			if (*src == '*' || *src == '?'
-			 || *src == '[' || *src == ']'
-			) {
-				*buf++ = '\\';
-			}
-			*buf++ = *src;
-		} else if (isspace(*src)) {
-			if (*prog->argv[argc_l] || (flag & LASH_OPT_SAW_QUOTE)) {
-				buf++, argc_l++;
-				/* +1 here leaves room for the NULL which ends argv */
-				if ((argc_l + 1) == argv_alloced) {
-					argv_alloced += 5;
-					prog->argv = xrealloc(prog->argv,
-							sizeof(*prog->argv) * argv_alloced);
-				}
-				prog->argv[argc_l] = buf;
-				flag ^= LASH_OPT_SAW_QUOTE;
-			}
-		} else
-			switch (*src) {
-			case '"':
-			case '\'':
-				quote = *src;
-				flag |= LASH_OPT_SAW_QUOTE;
-				break;
-
-			case '#':			/* comment */
-				if (*(src-1)== '$')
-					*buf++ = *src;
-				else
-					flag |= LASH_OPT_DONE;
-				break;
-
-#if ENABLE_LASH_PIPE_N_REDIRECTS
-			case '>':			/* redirects */
-			case '<':
-				i = prog->num_redirects++;
-				prog->redirects = xrealloc(prog->redirects,
-						sizeof(*prog->redirects) * (i + 1));
-
-				prog->redirects[i].fd = -1;
-				if (buf != prog->argv[argc_l]) {
-					/* the stuff before this character may be the file number
-					   being redirected */
-					prog->redirects[i].fd =
-						strtol(prog->argv[argc_l], &chptr, 10);
-
-					if (*chptr && *prog->argv[argc_l]) {
-						buf++, argc_l++;
-						prog->argv[argc_l] = buf;
-					}
-				}
-
-				if (prog->redirects[i].fd == -1) {
-					if (*src == '>')
-						prog->redirects[i].fd = 1;
-					else
-						prog->redirects[i].fd = 0;
-				}
-
-				if (*src++ == '>') {
-					if (*src == '>')
-						prog->redirects[i].type =
-							REDIRECT_APPEND, src++;
-					else
-						prog->redirects[i].type = REDIRECT_OVERWRITE;
-				} else {
-					prog->redirects[i].type = REDIRECT_INPUT;
-				}
-
-				/* This isn't POSIX sh compliant. Oh well. */
-				chptr = src;
-				chptr = skip_whitespace(chptr);
-
-				if (!*chptr) {
-					bb_error_msg("file name expected after %c", *(src-1));
-					free_job(job);
-					job->num_progs = 0;
-					return 1;
-				}
-
-				prog->redirects[i].filename = buf;
-				while (*chptr && !isspace(*chptr))
-					*buf++ = *chptr++;
-
-				src = chptr - 1;	/* we src++ later */
-				prog->argv[argc_l] = ++buf;
-				break;
-
-			case '|':			/* pipe */
-				/* finish this command */
-				if (*prog->argv[argc_l] || flag & LASH_OPT_SAW_QUOTE)
-					argc_l++;
-				if (!argc_l) {
-					goto empty_command_in_pipe;
-				}
-				prog->argv[argc_l] = NULL;
-
-				/* and start the next */
-				job->num_progs++;
-				job->progs = xrealloc(job->progs,
-						sizeof(*job->progs) * job->num_progs);
-				prog = job->progs + (job->num_progs - 1);
-				prog->num_redirects = 0;
-				prog->redirects = NULL;
-				prog->is_stopped = 0;
-				prog->family = job;
-				argc_l = 0;
-
-				argv_alloced = 5;
-				prog->argv = xmalloc(sizeof(*prog->argv) * argv_alloced);
-				prog->argv[0] = ++buf;
-
-				src++;
-				src = skip_whitespace(src);
-
-				if (!*src) {
-empty_command_in_pipe:
-					bb_error_msg("empty command in pipe");
-					free_job(job);
-					job->num_progs = 0;
-					return 1;
-				}
-				src--;			/* we'll ++ it at the end of the loop */
-
-				break;
-#endif
-
-#if ENABLE_LASH_JOB_CONTROL
-			case '&':			/* background */
-				*inbg = 1;
-				/* fallthrough */
-#endif
-			case ';':			/* multiple commands */
-				flag |= LASH_OPT_DONE;
-				return_command = *command_ptr + (src - *command_ptr) + 1;
-				break;
-
-			case '\\':
-				src++;
-				if (!*src) {
-					bb_error_msg("character expected after \\");
-					free_job(job);
-					return 1;
-				}
-				if (*src == '*' || *src == '[' || *src == ']'
-					|| *src == '?') *buf++ = '\\';
-				/* fallthrough */
-			default:
-				*buf++ = *src;
-			}
-
-		src++;
-	}
-
-	if (*prog->argv[argc_l] || flag & LASH_OPT_SAW_QUOTE) {
-		argc_l++;
-	}
-	if (!argc_l) {
-		free_job(job);
-		return 0;
-	}
-	prog->argv[argc_l] = NULL;
-
-	if (!return_command) {
-		job->text = xstrdup(*command_ptr);
-	} else {
-		/* This leaves any trailing spaces, which is a bit sloppy */
-		job->text = xstrndup(*command_ptr, return_command - *command_ptr);
-	}
-
-	*command_ptr = return_command;
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* Run the child_prog, no matter what kind of command it uses.
- */
-static int pseudo_exec(struct child_prog *child)
-{
-	const struct built_in_command *x;
-
-	/* Check if the command matches any of the non-forking builtins.
-	 * Depending on context, this might be redundant.  But it's
-	 * easier to waste a few CPU cycles than it is to figure out
-	 * if this is one of those cases.
-	 */
-	/* Check if the command matches any of the forking builtins. */
-	for (x = bltins; x <= &VEC_LAST(bltins); x++) {
-		if (strcmp(child->argv[0], x->cmd) == 0) {
-			_exit(x->function(child));
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Check if the command matches any busybox internal
-	 * commands ("applets") here.  Following discussions from
-	 * November 2000 on busybox@busybox.net, don't use
-	 * bb_get_last_path_component_nostrip().  This way explicit
-	 * (with slashes) filenames will never be interpreted as an
-	 * applet, just like with builtins.  This way the user can
-	 * override an applet with an explicit filename reference.
-	 * The only downside to this change is that an explicit
-	 * /bin/foo invocation will fork and exec /bin/foo, even if
-	 * /bin/foo is a symlink to busybox.
-	 */
-	if (ENABLE_FEATURE_SH_STANDALONE) {
-		run_applet_and_exit(child->argv[0], child->argv);
-	}
-
-	execvp(child->argv[0], child->argv);
-
-	/* Do not use bb_perror_msg_and_die() here, since we must not
-	 * call exit() but should call _exit() instead */
-	bb_simple_perror_msg(child->argv[0]);
-	_exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-}
-
-static void insert_job(struct job *newjob, int inbg)
-{
-	struct job *thejob;
-	struct jobset *j_list = newjob->job_list;
-
-	/* find the ID for thejob to use */
-	newjob->jobid = 1;
-	for (thejob = j_list->head; thejob; thejob = thejob->next)
-		if (thejob->jobid >= newjob->jobid)
-			newjob->jobid = thejob->jobid + 1;
-
-	/* add thejob to the list of running jobs */
-	if (!j_list->head) {
-		thejob = j_list->head = xmalloc(sizeof(*thejob));
-	} else {
-		for (thejob = j_list->head; thejob->next; thejob = thejob->next) /* nothing */;
-		thejob->next = xmalloc(sizeof(*thejob));
-		thejob = thejob->next;
-	}
-
-	*thejob = *newjob;   /* physically copy the struct job */
-	thejob->next = NULL;
-	thejob->running_progs = thejob->num_progs;
-	thejob->stopped_progs = 0;
-
-#if ENABLE_LASH_JOB_CONTROL
-	if (inbg) {
-		/* we don't wait for background thejobs to return -- append it
-		   to the list of backgrounded thejobs and leave it alone */
-		printf("[%d] %d\n", thejob->jobid,
-			   newjob->progs[newjob->num_progs - 1].pid);
-		last_jobid = newjob->jobid;
-		last_bg_pid = newjob->progs[newjob->num_progs - 1].pid;
-	} else {
-		newjob->job_list->fg = thejob;
-
-		/* move the new process group into the foreground */
-		/* Ignore errors since child could have already exited */
-		tcsetpgrp(shell_terminal, newjob->pgrp);
-	}
-#endif
-}
-
-static int run_command(struct job *newjob, int inbg, int outpipe[2])
-{
-	/* struct job *thejob; */
-	int i;
-	int nextin, nextout;
-	int pipefds[2];				/* pipefd[0] is for reading */
-	const struct built_in_command *x;
-	struct child_prog *child;
-
-	nextin = 0;
-	for (i = 0; i < newjob->num_progs; i++) {
-		child = &(newjob->progs[i]);
-
-		nextout = 1;
-		if ((i + 1) < newjob->num_progs) {
-			xpipe(pipefds);
-			nextout = pipefds[1];
-		} else if (outpipe[1] != -1) {
-			nextout = outpipe[1];
-		}
-
-		/* Check if the command matches any non-forking builtins,
-		 * but only if this is a simple command.
-		 * Non-forking builtins within pipes have to fork anyway,
-		 * and are handled in pseudo_exec.  "echo foo | read bar"
-		 * is doomed to failure, and doesn't work on bash, either.
-		 */
-		if (newjob->num_progs == 1) {
-			int rcode;
-			int squirrel[] = {-1, -1, -1};
-
-			/* Check if the command sets an environment variable. */
-			if (strchr(child->argv[0], '=') != NULL) {
-				child->argv[1] = child->argv[0];
-				return builtin_export(child);
-			}
-
-			for (x = bltins; x <= &VEC_LAST(bltins); x++) {
-				if (strcmp(child->argv[0], x->cmd) == 0) {
-					setup_redirects(child, squirrel);
-					rcode = x->function(child);
-					restore_redirects(squirrel);
-					return rcode;
-				}
-			}
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_SH_STANDALONE
-			{
-				int a = find_applet_by_name(child->argv[i]);
-				if (a >= 0 && APPLET_IS_NOFORK(a)) {
-					setup_redirects(child, squirrel);
-					rcode = run_nofork_applet(a, child->argv + i);
-					restore_redirects(squirrel);
-					return rcode;
-				}
-			}
-#endif
-		}
-
-#if BB_MMU
-		child->pid = fork();
-#else
-		child->pid = vfork();
-#endif
-		if (!child->pid) {
-			/* Set the handling for job control signals back to the default.  */
-			signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
-			signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_DFL);
-			signal(SIGTSTP, SIG_DFL);
-			signal(SIGTTIN, SIG_DFL);
-			signal(SIGTTOU, SIG_DFL);
-			signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_DFL);
-
-			/* Close all open filehandles. */
-			while (close_me_list)
-				close((long)llist_pop(&close_me_list));
-
-			if (outpipe[1] != -1) {
-				close(outpipe[0]);
-			}
-			if (nextin != 0) {
-				dup2(nextin, 0);
-				close(nextin);
-			}
-
-			if (nextout != 1) {
-				dup2(nextout, 1);
-				dup2(nextout, 2);  /* Really? */
-				close(nextout);
-				close(pipefds[0]);
-			}
-
-			/* explicit redirects override pipes */
-			setup_redirects(child,NULL);
-
-			pseudo_exec(child);
-		}
-		if (outpipe[1] != -1) {
-			close(outpipe[1]);
-		}
-
-		/* put our child in the process group whose leader is the
-		   first process in this pipe */
-		setpgid(child->pid, newjob->progs[0].pid);
-		if (nextin != 0)
-			close(nextin);
-		if (nextout != 1)
-			close(nextout);
-
-		/* If there isn't another process, nextin is garbage
-		   but it doesn't matter */
-		nextin = pipefds[0];
-	}
-
-	newjob->pgrp = newjob->progs[0].pid;
-
-	insert_job(newjob, inbg);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int busy_loop(FILE *input)
-{
-	char *command;
-	char *next_command = NULL;
-	struct job newjob;
-	int i;
-	int inbg = 0;
-	int status;
-#if ENABLE_LASH_JOB_CONTROL
-	pid_t  parent_pgrp;
-	/* save current owner of TTY so we can restore it on exit */
-	parent_pgrp = tcgetpgrp(shell_terminal);
-#endif
-	newjob.job_list = &job_list;
-	newjob.job_context = DEFAULT_CONTEXT;
-
-	command = xzalloc(BUFSIZ);
-
-	while (1) {
-		if (!job_list.fg) {
-			/* no job is in the foreground */
-
-			/* see if any background processes have exited */
-			checkjobs(&job_list);
-
-			if (!next_command) {
-				if (get_command_bufsiz(input, command))
-					break;
-				next_command = command;
-			}
-
-			if (!expand_arguments(next_command)) {
-				free(command);
-				command = xzalloc(BUFSIZ);
-				next_command = NULL;
-				continue;
-			}
-
-			if (!parse_command(&next_command, &newjob, &inbg)
-			 && newjob.num_progs
-			) {
-				int pipefds[2] = { -1, -1 };
-				debug_printf("job=%p fed to run_command by busy_loop()'\n",
-						&newjob);
-				run_command(&newjob, inbg, pipefds);
-			}
-			else {
-				free(command);
-				command = xzalloc(BUFSIZ);
-				next_command = NULL;
-			}
-		} else {
-			/* a job is running in the foreground; wait for it */
-			i = 0;
-			while (!job_list.fg->progs[i].pid ||
-				   job_list.fg->progs[i].is_stopped == 1) i++;
-
-			if (waitpid(job_list.fg->progs[i].pid, &status, WUNTRACED) < 0) {
-				if (errno != ECHILD) {
-					bb_perror_msg_and_die("waitpid(%d)", job_list.fg->progs[i].pid);
-				}
-			}
-
-			if (WIFEXITED(status) || WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
-				/* the child exited */
-				job_list.fg->running_progs--;
-				job_list.fg->progs[i].pid = 0;
-
-				last_return_code = WEXITSTATUS(status);
-
-				if (!job_list.fg->running_progs) {
-					/* child exited */
-					remove_job(&job_list, job_list.fg);
-					job_list.fg = NULL;
-				}
-			}
-#if ENABLE_LASH_JOB_CONTROL
-			else {
-				/* the child was stopped */
-				job_list.fg->stopped_progs++;
-				job_list.fg->progs[i].is_stopped = 1;
-
-				if (job_list.fg->stopped_progs == job_list.fg->running_progs) {
-					printf("\n" JOB_STATUS_FORMAT, job_list.fg->jobid,
-						   "Stopped", job_list.fg->text);
-					job_list.fg = NULL;
-				}
-			}
-
-			if (!job_list.fg) {
-				/* move the shell to the foreground */
-				/* suppress messages when run from /linuxrc mag@sysgo.de */
-				if (tcsetpgrp(shell_terminal, getpgrp()) && errno != ENOTTY)
-					bb_perror_msg("tcsetpgrp");
-			}
-#endif
-		}
-	}
-	free(command);
-
-#if ENABLE_LASH_JOB_CONTROL
-	/* return controlling TTY back to parent process group before exiting */
-	if (tcsetpgrp(shell_terminal, parent_pgrp) && errno != ENOTTY)
-		bb_perror_msg("tcsetpgrp");
-#endif
-
-	/* return exit status if called with "-c" */
-	if (input == NULL && WIFEXITED(status))
-		return WEXITSTATUS(status);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP
-static void free_memory(void)
-{
-	free(cwd);
-
-	if (job_list.fg && !job_list.fg->running_progs) {
-		remove_job(&job_list, job_list.fg);
-	}
-}
-#else
-void free_memory(void);
-#endif
-
-#if ENABLE_LASH_JOB_CONTROL
-/* Make sure we have a controlling tty.  If we get started under a job
- * aware app (like bash for example), make sure we are now in charge so
- * we don't fight over who gets the foreground */
-static void setup_job_control(void)
-{
-	int status;
-	pid_t shell_pgrp;
-
-	/* Loop until we are in the foreground.  */
-	while ((status = tcgetpgrp(shell_terminal)) >= 0) {
-		shell_pgrp = getpgrp();
-		if (status == shell_pgrp) {
-			break;
-		}
-		kill(- shell_pgrp, SIGTTIN);
-	}
-
-	/* Ignore interactive and job-control signals.  */
-	signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
-	signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
-	signal(SIGTSTP, SIG_IGN);
-	signal(SIGTTIN, SIG_IGN);
-	signal(SIGTTOU, SIG_IGN);
-	signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_IGN);
-
-	/* Put ourselves in our own process group.  */
-	setsid();
-	shell_pgrp = getpid();
-	setpgid(shell_pgrp, shell_pgrp);
-
-	/* Grab control of the terminal.  */
-	tcsetpgrp(shell_terminal, shell_pgrp);
-}
-#else
-static inline void setup_job_control(void)
-{
-}
-#endif
-
-int lash_main(int argc, char **argv) MAIN_EXTERNALLY_VISIBLE;
-int lash_main(int argc, char **argv)
-{
-	unsigned opt;
-	FILE *input = stdin;
-
-	global_argc = argc;
-	global_argv = argv;
-
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING
-	line_input_state = new_line_input_t(FOR_SHELL);
-#endif
-
-	/* These variables need re-initializing when recursing */
-	last_jobid = 0;
-	close_me_list = NULL;
-	job_list.head = NULL;
-	job_list.fg = NULL;
-	last_return_code = 1;
-
-	if (global_argv[0] && global_argv[0][0] == '-') {
-		FILE *prof_input;
-		prof_input = fopen_for_read("/etc/profile");
-		if (prof_input) {
-			llist_add_to(&close_me_list, (void *)(long)fileno(prof_input));
-			/* Now run the file */
-			busy_loop(prof_input);
-			fclose_if_not_stdin(prof_input);
-			llist_pop(&close_me_list);
-		}
-	}
-
-	opt = getopt32(argv, "+ic:", &local_pending_command);
-#define LASH_OPT_i (1<<0)
-#define LASH_OPT_c (1<<1)
-	if (opt & LASH_OPT_c) {
-		input = NULL;
-		optind++;
-		global_argv += optind;
-	}
-	/* A shell is interactive if the `-i' flag was given, or if all of
-	 * the following conditions are met:
-	 *	  no -c command
-	 *    no arguments remaining or the -s flag given
-	 *    standard input is a terminal
-	 *    standard output is a terminal
-	 *    Refer to Posix.2, the description of the `sh' utility. */
-	if (global_argv[optind] == NULL && input == stdin
-	 && isatty(STDIN_FILENO) && isatty(STDOUT_FILENO)
-	) {
-		opt |= LASH_OPT_i;
-	}
-	setup_job_control();
-	if (opt & LASH_OPT_i) {
-		/* Looks like they want an interactive shell */
-		if (!ENABLE_FEATURE_SH_EXTRA_QUIET) {
-			printf("\n\n%s built-in shell (lash)\n"
-					"Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands.\n\n",
-					bb_banner);
-		}
-	} else if (!local_pending_command && global_argv[optind]) {
-		//printf( "optind=%d  argv[optind]='%s'\n", optind, argv[optind]);
-		input = xfopen_for_read(global_argv[optind]);
-		/* be lazy, never mark this closed */
-		llist_add_to(&close_me_list, (void *)(long)fileno(input));
-	}
-
-	/* initialize the cwd -- this is never freed...*/
-	update_cwd();
-
-	if (ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP) atexit(free_memory);
-
-	if (ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING) cmdedit_set_initial_prompt();
-	else PS1 = NULL;
-
-	return busy_loop(input);
-}
diff --git a/shell/msh_unused.c b/shell/msh_unused.c
deleted file mode 100644
index fe2cca816..000000000
--- a/shell/msh_unused.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5336 +0,0 @@
-/* vi: set sw=4 ts=4: */
-/*
- * Minix shell port for busybox
- *
- * This version of the Minix shell was adapted for use in busybox
- * by Erik Andersen <andersen@codepoet.org>
- *
- * - backtick expansion did not work properly
- *   Jonas Holmberg <jonas.holmberg@axis.com>
- *   Robert Schwebel <r.schwebel@pengutronix.de>
- *   Erik Andersen <andersen@codepoet.org>
- *
- * Licensed under GPLv2 or later, see file LICENSE in this tarball for details.
- */
-#include <sys/times.h>
-#include <setjmp.h>
-
-#ifdef STANDALONE
-# ifndef _GNU_SOURCE
-#  define _GNU_SOURCE
-# endif
-# include <sys/types.h>
-# include <sys/stat.h>
-# include <sys/wait.h>
-# include <signal.h>
-# include <stdio.h>
-# include <stdlib.h>
-# include <unistd.h>
-# include <string.h>
-# include <errno.h>
-# include <dirent.h>
-# include <fcntl.h>
-# include <ctype.h>
-# include <assert.h>
-# define bb_dev_null "/dev/null"
-# define DEFAULT_SHELL "/proc/self/exe"
-# define bb_banner "busybox standalone"
-# define ENABLE_FEATURE_SH_STANDALONE 0
-# define bb_msg_memory_exhausted "memory exhausted"
-# define xmalloc(size) malloc(size)
-# define msh_main(argc,argv) main(argc,argv)
-# define safe_read(fd,buf,count) read(fd,buf,count)
-# define nonblock_safe_read(fd,buf,count) read(fd,buf,count)
-# define NOT_LONE_DASH(s) ((s)[0] != '-' || (s)[1])
-# define LONE_CHAR(s,c) ((s)[0] == (c) && !(s)[1])
-# define NORETURN __attribute__ ((__noreturn__))
-static int find_applet_by_name(const char *applet)
-{
-	return -1;
-}
-static char *utoa_to_buf(unsigned n, char *buf, unsigned buflen)
-{
-	unsigned i, out, res;
-	assert(sizeof(unsigned) == 4);
-	if (buflen) {
-		out = 0;
-		for (i = 1000000000; i; i /= 10) {
-			res = n / i;
-			if (res || out || i == 1) {
-				if (!--buflen) break;
-				out++;
-				n -= res*i;
-				*buf++ = '0' + res;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return buf;
-}
-static char *itoa_to_buf(int n, char *buf, unsigned buflen)
-{
-	if (buflen && n < 0) {
-		n = -n;
-		*buf++ = '-';
-		buflen--;
-	}
-	return utoa_to_buf((unsigned)n, buf, buflen);
-}
-static char local_buf[12];
-static char *itoa(int n)
-{
-	*(itoa_to_buf(n, local_buf, sizeof(local_buf))) = '\0';
-	return local_buf;
-}
-#else
-# include "busybox.h" /* for applet_names */
-#endif
-
-//#define MSHDEBUG 4
-
-#ifdef MSHDEBUG
-static int mshdbg = MSHDEBUG;
-
-#define DBGPRINTF(x)	if (mshdbg > 0) printf x
-#define DBGPRINTF0(x)	if (mshdbg > 0) printf x
-#define DBGPRINTF1(x)	if (mshdbg > 1) printf x
-#define DBGPRINTF2(x)	if (mshdbg > 2) printf x
-#define DBGPRINTF3(x)	if (mshdbg > 3) printf x
-#define DBGPRINTF4(x)	if (mshdbg > 4) printf x
-#define DBGPRINTF5(x)	if (mshdbg > 5) printf x
-#define DBGPRINTF6(x)	if (mshdbg > 6) printf x
-#define DBGPRINTF7(x)	if (mshdbg > 7) printf x
-#define DBGPRINTF8(x)	if (mshdbg > 8) printf x
-#define DBGPRINTF9(x)	if (mshdbg > 9) printf x
-
-static int mshdbg_rc = 0;
-
-#define RCPRINTF(x)	if (mshdbg_rc) printf x
-
-#else
-
-#define DBGPRINTF(x)
-#define DBGPRINTF0(x) ((void)0)
-#define DBGPRINTF1(x) ((void)0)
-#define DBGPRINTF2(x) ((void)0)
-#define DBGPRINTF3(x) ((void)0)
-#define DBGPRINTF4(x) ((void)0)
-#define DBGPRINTF5(x) ((void)0)
-#define DBGPRINTF6(x) ((void)0)
-#define DBGPRINTF7(x) ((void)0)
-#define DBGPRINTF8(x) ((void)0)
-#define DBGPRINTF9(x) ((void)0)
-
-#define RCPRINTF(x) ((void)0)
-
-#endif  /* MSHDEBUG */
-
-
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING_FANCY_PROMPT
-# define DEFAULT_ROOT_PROMPT "\\u:\\w> "
-# define DEFAULT_USER_PROMPT "\\u:\\w$ "
-#else
-# define DEFAULT_ROOT_PROMPT "# "
-# define DEFAULT_USER_PROMPT "$ "
-#endif
-
-
-/* -------- sh.h -------- */
-/*
- * shell
- */
-
-#define LINELIM   2100
-#define NPUSH     8             /* limit to input nesting */
-
-#undef NOFILE
-#define NOFILE    20            /* Number of open files */
-#define NUFILE    10            /* Number of user-accessible files */
-#define FDBASE    10            /* First file usable by Shell */
-
-/*
- * values returned by wait
- */
-#define	WAITSIG(s)  ((s) & 0177)
-#define	WAITVAL(s)  (((s) >> 8) & 0377)
-#define	WAITCORE(s) (((s) & 0200) != 0)
-
-/*
- * library and system definitions
- */
-typedef void xint;              /* base type of jmp_buf, for not broken compilers */
-
-/*
- * shell components
- */
-#define	NOBLOCK	((struct op *)NULL)
-#define	NOWORD	((char *)NULL)
-#define	NOWORDS	((char **)NULL)
-#define	NOPIPE	((int *)NULL)
-
-/*
- * redirection
- */
-struct ioword {
-	smallint io_flag;               /* action (below) */
-	int io_fd;                      /* fd affected */
-	char *io_name;                  /* file name */
-};
-
-#define	IOREAD	 1                      /* < */
-#define	IOHERE	 2                      /* << (here file) */
-#define	IOWRITE	 4                      /* > */
-#define	IOCAT	 8                      /* >> */
-#define	IOXHERE	 16                     /* ${}, ` in << */
-#define	IODUP	 32                     /* >&digit */
-#define	IOCLOSE	 64                     /* >&- */
-
-#define	IODEFAULT (-1)                  /* "default" IO fd */
-
-
-/*
- * Description of a command or an operation on commands.
- * Might eventually use a union.
- */
-struct op {
-	smallint op_type;               /* operation type, see Txxxx below */
-	char **op_words;                /* arguments to a command */
-	struct ioword **ioact;          /* IO actions (eg, < > >>) */
-	struct op *left;
-	struct op *right;
-	char *str;                      /* identifier for case and for */
-};
-
-#define TCOM    1       /* command */
-#define TPAREN  2       /* (c-list) */
-#define TPIPE   3       /* a | b */
-#define TLIST   4       /* a [&;] b */
-#define TOR     5       /* || */
-#define TAND    6       /* && */
-#define TFOR    7
-#define TDO     8
-#define TCASE   9
-#define TIF     10
-#define TWHILE  11
-#define TUNTIL  12
-#define TELIF   13
-#define TPAT    14      /* pattern in case */
-#define TBRACE  15      /* {c-list} */
-#define TASYNC  16      /* c & */
-/* Added to support "." file expansion */
-#define TDOT    17
-
-/* Strings for names to make debug easier */
-#ifdef MSHDEBUG
-static const char *const T_CMD_NAMES[] = {
-	"PLACEHOLDER",
-	"TCOM",
-	"TPAREN",
-	"TPIPE",
-	"TLIST",
-	"TOR",
-	"TAND",
-	"TFOR",
-	"TDO",
-	"TCASE",
-	"TIF",
-	"TWHILE",
-	"TUNTIL",
-	"TELIF",
-	"TPAT",
-	"TBRACE",
-	"TASYNC",
-	"TDOT",
-};
-#endif
-
-#define AREASIZE (90000)
-
-/*
- * flags to control evaluation of words
- */
-#define DOSUB    1      /* interpret $, `, and quotes */
-#define DOBLANK  2      /* perform blank interpretation */
-#define DOGLOB   4      /* interpret [?* */
-#define DOKEY    8      /* move words with `=' to 2nd arg. list */
-#define DOTRIM   16     /* trim resulting string */
-
-#define DOALL    (DOSUB|DOBLANK|DOGLOB|DOKEY|DOTRIM)
-
-
-struct brkcon {
-	jmp_buf brkpt;
-	struct brkcon *nextlev;
-};
-
-
-static smallint trapset;                        /* trap pending (signal number) */
-
-static smallint yynerrs;                        /* yacc (flag) */
-
-/* moved to G: static char line[LINELIM]; */
-
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING
-static char *current_prompt;
-static line_input_t *line_input_state;
-#endif
-
-
-/*
- * other functions
- */
-static const char *rexecve(char *c, char **v, char **envp);
-static char *evalstr(char *cp, int f);
-static char *putn(int n);
-static char *unquote(char *as);
-static int rlookup(char *n);
-static struct wdblock *glob(char *cp, struct wdblock *wb);
-static int my_getc(int ec);
-static int subgetc(char ec, int quoted);
-static char **makenv(int all, struct wdblock *wb);
-static char **eval(char **ap, int f);
-static int setstatus(int s);
-static int waitfor(int lastpid, int canintr);
-
-static void onintr(int s);		/* SIGINT handler */
-
-static int newenv(int f);
-static void quitenv(void);
-static void next(int f);
-static void setdash(void);
-static void onecommand(void);
-static void runtrap(int i);
-
-
-/* -------- area stuff -------- */
-
-#define REGSIZE   sizeof(struct region)
-#define GROWBY    (256)
-/* #define SHRINKBY (64) */
-#undef  SHRINKBY
-#define FREE      (32767)
-#define BUSY      (0)
-#define ALIGN     (sizeof(int)-1)
-
-
-struct region {
-	struct region *next;
-	int area;
-};
-
-
-/* -------- grammar stuff -------- */
-typedef union {
-	char *cp;
-	char **wp;
-	int i;
-	struct op *o;
-} YYSTYPE;
-
-#define WORD    256
-#define LOGAND  257
-#define LOGOR   258
-#define BREAK   259
-#define IF      260
-#define THEN    261
-#define ELSE    262
-#define ELIF    263
-#define FI      264
-#define CASE    265
-#define ESAC    266
-#define FOR     267
-#define WHILE   268
-#define UNTIL   269
-#define DO      270
-#define DONE    271
-#define IN      272
-/* Added for "." file expansion */
-#define DOT     273
-
-#define	YYERRCODE 300
-
-/* flags to yylex */
-#define	CONTIN 01     /* skip new lines to complete command */
-
-static struct op *pipeline(int cf);
-static struct op *andor(void);
-static struct op *c_list(void);
-static int synio(int cf);
-static void musthave(int c, int cf);
-static struct op *simple(void);
-static struct op *nested(int type, int mark);
-static struct op *command(int cf);
-static struct op *dogroup(int onlydone);
-static struct op *thenpart(void);
-static struct op *elsepart(void);
-static struct op *caselist(void);
-static struct op *casepart(void);
-static char **pattern(void);
-static char **wordlist(void);
-static struct op *list(struct op *t1, struct op *t2);
-static struct op *block(int type, struct op *t1, struct op *t2, char **wp);
-static struct op *newtp(void);
-static struct op *namelist(struct op *t);
-static char **copyw(void);
-static void word(char *cp);
-static struct ioword **copyio(void);
-static struct ioword *io(int u, int f, char *cp);
-static int yylex(int cf);
-static int collect(int c, int c1);
-static int dual(int c);
-static void diag(int ec);
-static char *tree(unsigned size);
-
-/* -------- var.h -------- */
-
-struct var {
-	char *value;
-	char *name;
-	struct var *next;
-	char status;
-};
-
-#define	COPYV	1				/* flag to setval, suggesting copy */
-#define	RONLY	01				/* variable is read-only */
-#define	EXPORT	02				/* variable is to be exported */
-#define	GETCELL	04				/* name & value space was got with getcell */
-
-static int yyparse(void);
-
-
-/* -------- io.h -------- */
-/* io buffer */
-struct iobuf {
-	unsigned id;            /* buffer id */
-	char buf[512];          /* buffer */
-	char *bufp;             /* pointer into buffer */
-	char *ebufp;            /* pointer to end of buffer */
-};
-
-/* possible arguments to an IO function */
-struct ioarg {
-	const char *aword;
-	char **awordlist;
-	int afile;              /* file descriptor */
-	unsigned afid;          /* buffer id */
-	off_t afpos;            /* file position */
-	struct iobuf *afbuf;    /* buffer for this file */
-};
-
-/* an input generator's state */
-struct io {
-	int (*iofn) (struct ioarg *, struct io *);
-	struct ioarg *argp;
-	int peekc;
-	char prev;              /* previous character read by readc() */
-	char nlcount;           /* for `'s */
-	char xchar;             /* for `'s */
-	char task;              /* reason for pushed IO */
-};
-/* ->task: */
-#define	XOTHER	0	/* none of the below */
-#define	XDOLL	1	/* expanding ${} */
-#define	XGRAVE	2	/* expanding `'s */
-#define	XIO	3	/* file IO */
-
-
-/*
- * input generators for IO structure
- */
-static int nlchar(struct ioarg *ap);
-static int strchar(struct ioarg *ap);
-static int qstrchar(struct ioarg *ap);
-static int filechar(struct ioarg *ap);
-static int herechar(struct ioarg *ap);
-static int linechar(struct ioarg *ap);
-static int gravechar(struct ioarg *ap, struct io *iop);
-static int qgravechar(struct ioarg *ap, struct io *iop);
-static int dolchar(struct ioarg *ap);
-static int wdchar(struct ioarg *ap);
-static void scraphere(void);
-static void freehere(int area);
-static void gethere(void);
-static void markhere(char *s, struct ioword *iop);
-static int herein(char *hname, int xdoll);
-static int run(struct ioarg *argp, int (*f) (struct ioarg *));
-
-
-static int eofc(void);
-static int readc(void);
-static void unget(int c);
-static void ioecho(char c);
-
-
-/*
- * IO control
- */
-static void pushio(struct ioarg *argp, int (*f) (struct ioarg *));
-#define PUSHIO(what,arg,gen) ((temparg.what = (arg)), pushio(&temparg, (gen)))
-static int remap(int fd);
-static int openpipe(int *pv);
-static void closepipe(int *pv);
-static struct io *setbase(struct io *ip);
-
-/* -------- word.h -------- */
-
-#define	NSTART	16				/* default number of words to allow for initially */
-
-struct wdblock {
-	short w_bsize;
-	short w_nword;
-	/* bounds are arbitrary */
-	char *w_words[1];
-};
-
-static struct wdblock *addword(char *wd, struct wdblock *wb);
-static struct wdblock *newword(int nw);
-static char **getwords(struct wdblock *wb);
-
-/* -------- misc stuff -------- */
-
-static int dolabel(struct op *t, char **args);
-static int dohelp(struct op *t, char **args);
-static int dochdir(struct op *t, char **args);
-static int doshift(struct op *t, char **args);
-static int dologin(struct op *t, char **args);
-static int doumask(struct op *t, char **args);
-static int doexec(struct op *t, char **args);
-static int dodot(struct op *t, char **args);
-static int dowait(struct op *t, char **args);
-static int doread(struct op *t, char **args);
-static int doeval(struct op *t, char **args);
-static int dotrap(struct op *t, char **args);
-static int dobreak(struct op *t, char **args);
-static int doexit(struct op *t, char **args);
-static int doexport(struct op *t, char **args);
-static int doreadonly(struct op *t, char **args);
-static int doset(struct op *t, char **args);
-static int dotimes(struct op *t, char **args);
-static int docontinue(struct op *t, char **args);
-
-static int forkexec(struct op *t, int *pin, int *pout, int no_fork, char **wp);
-static int execute(struct op *t, int *pin, int *pout, int no_fork);
-static int iosetup(struct ioword *iop, int pipein, int pipeout);
-static void brkset(struct brkcon *bc);
-static int getsig(char *s);
-static void setsig(int n, sighandler_t f);
-static int getn(char *as);
-static int brkcontin(char *cp, int val);
-static void rdexp(char **wp, void (*f) (struct var *), int key);
-static void badid(char *s);
-static void varput(char *s, int out);
-static int expand(const char *cp, struct wdblock **wbp, int f);
-static char *blank(int f);
-static int dollar(int quoted);
-static int grave(int quoted);
-static void globname(char *we, char *pp);
-static char *generate(char *start1, char *end1, char *middle, char *end);
-static int anyspcl(struct wdblock *wb);
-static void readhere(char **name, char *s, int ec);
-static int xxchar(struct ioarg *ap);
-
-struct here {
-	char *h_tag;
-	char h_dosub;
-	struct ioword *h_iop;
-	struct here *h_next;
-};
-
-static const char *const signame[] = {
-	"Signal 0",
-	"Hangup",
-	NULL,  /* interrupt */
-	"Quit",
-	"Illegal instruction",
-	"Trace/BPT trap",
-	"Abort",
-	"Bus error",
-	"Floating Point Exception",
-	"Killed",
-	"SIGUSR1",
-	"SIGSEGV",
-	"SIGUSR2",
-	NULL,  /* broken pipe */
-	"Alarm clock",
-	"Terminated"
-};
-
-
-typedef int (*builtin_func_ptr)(struct op *, char **);
-
-struct builtincmd {
-	const char *name;
-	builtin_func_ptr builtinfunc;
-};
-
-static const struct builtincmd builtincmds[] = {
-	{ "."       , dodot      },
-	{ ":"       , dolabel    },
-	{ "break"   , dobreak    },
-	{ "cd"      , dochdir    },
-	{ "continue", docontinue },
-	{ "eval"    , doeval     },
-	{ "exec"    , doexec     },
-	{ "exit"    , doexit     },
-	{ "export"  , doexport   },
-	{ "help"    , dohelp     },
-	{ "login"   , dologin    },
-	{ "newgrp"  , dologin    },
-	{ "read"    , doread     },
-	{ "readonly", doreadonly },
-	{ "set"     , doset      },
-	{ "shift"   , doshift    },
-	{ "times"   , dotimes    },
-	{ "trap"    , dotrap     },
-	{ "umask"   , doumask    },
-	{ "wait"    , dowait     },
-	{ NULL      , NULL       },
-};
-
-static struct op *dowholefile(int /*, int*/);
-
-
-/* Globals */
-static char **dolv;
-static int dolc;
-static uint8_t exstat;
-static smallint gflg;                   /* (seems to be a parse error indicator) */
-static smallint interactive;            /* Is this an interactive shell */
-static smallint execflg;
-static smallint isbreak;                /* "break" statement was seen */
-static int multiline;                   /* '\n' changed to ';' (counter) */
-static struct op *outtree;              /* result from parser */
-static xint *failpt;
-static xint *errpt;
-static struct brkcon *brklist;
-static struct wdblock *wdlist;
-static struct wdblock *iolist;
-
-#ifdef MSHDEBUG
-static struct var *mshdbg_var;
-#endif
-static struct var *vlist;		/* dictionary */
-static struct var *homedir;		/* home directory */
-static struct var *prompt;		/* main prompt */
-static struct var *cprompt;		/* continuation prompt */
-static struct var *path;		/* search path for commands */
-static struct var *shell;		/* shell to interpret command files */
-static struct var *ifs;			/* field separators */
-
-static int areanum;                     /* current allocation area */
-static smallint intr;                   /* interrupt pending (bool) */
-static smallint heedint = 1;            /* heed interrupt signals (bool) */
-static int inparse;
-static char *null = (char*)"";          /* null value for variable */
-static void (*qflag)(int) = SIG_IGN;
-static int startl;
-static int peeksym;
-static int nlseen;
-static int iounit = IODEFAULT;
-static YYSTYPE yylval;
-static char *elinep; /* done in main(): = line + sizeof(line) - 5 */
-
-static struct here *inhere;     /* list of hear docs while parsing */
-static struct here *acthere;    /* list of active here documents */
-static struct region *areabot;  /* bottom of area */
-static struct region *areatop;  /* top of area */
-static struct region *areanxt;  /* starting point of scan */
-static void *brktop;
-static void *brkaddr;
-
-#define AFID_NOBUF	(~0)
-#define AFID_ID		0
-
-
-/*
- * parsing & execution environment
- */
-struct env {
-	char *linep;
-	struct io *iobase;
-	struct io *iop;
-	xint *errpt;		/* void * */
-	int iofd;
-	struct env *oenv;
-};
-
-
-struct globals {
-	struct env global_env;
-	struct ioarg temparg; // = { .afid = AFID_NOBUF };	/* temporary for PUSHIO */
-	unsigned bufid; // = AFID_ID;	/* buffer id counter */
-	char ourtrap[_NSIG + 1];
-	char *trap[_NSIG + 1];
-	struct iobuf sharedbuf; /* in main(): set to { AFID_NOBUF } */
-	struct iobuf mainbuf; /* in main(): set to { AFID_NOBUF } */
-	struct ioarg ioargstack[NPUSH];
-	/*
-	 * flags:
-	 * -e: quit on error
-	 * -k: look for name=value everywhere on command line
-	 * -n: no execution
-	 * -t: exit after reading and executing one command
-	 * -v: echo as read
-	 * -x: trace
-	 * -u: unset variables net diagnostic
-	 */
-	char flags['z' - 'a' + 1];
-	char filechar_cmdbuf[BUFSIZ];
-	char line[LINELIM];
-	char child_cmd[LINELIM];
-
-	struct io iostack[NPUSH];
-
-	char grave__var_name[LINELIM];
-	char grave__alt_value[LINELIM];
-};
-
-#define G (*ptr_to_globals)
-#define global_env      (G.global_env     )
-#define temparg         (G.temparg        )
-#define bufid           (G.bufid          )
-#define ourtrap         (G.ourtrap        )
-#define trap            (G.trap           )
-#define sharedbuf       (G.sharedbuf      )
-#define mainbuf         (G.mainbuf        )
-#define ioargstack      (G.ioargstack     )
-/* this looks weird, but is OK ... we index FLAG with 'a'...'z' */
-#define FLAG            (G.flags - 'a'    )
-#define filechar_cmdbuf (G.filechar_cmdbuf)
-#define line            (G.line           )
-#define child_cmd       (G.child_cmd      )
-#define iostack         (G.iostack        )
-#define INIT_G() do { \
-	SET_PTR_TO_GLOBALS(xzalloc(sizeof(G))); \
-	global_env.linep = line; \
-	global_env.iobase = iostack; \
-	global_env.iop = iostack - 1; \
-	global_env.iofd = FDBASE; \
-	temparg.afid = AFID_NOBUF; \
-	bufid = AFID_ID; \
-} while (0)
-
-
-/* in substitution */
-#define	INSUB()	(global_env.iop->task == XGRAVE || global_env.iop->task == XDOLL)
-
-#define	RUN(what, arg, gen) ((temparg.what = (arg)), run(&temparg, (gen)))
-
-#ifdef MSHDEBUG
-static void print_tree(struct op *head)
-{
-	if (head == NULL) {
-		DBGPRINTF(("PRINT_TREE: no tree\n"));
-		return;
-	}
-
-	DBGPRINTF(("NODE: %p, left %p, right %p\n", head, head->left,
-			   head->right));
-
-	if (head->left)
-		print_tree(head->left);
-
-	if (head->right)
-		print_tree(head->right);
-}
-#endif /* MSHDEBUG */
-
-
-/*
- * IO functions
- */
-static void prs(const char *s)
-{
-	if (*s)
-		xwrite_str(STDERR_FILENO, s);
-}
-
-static void prn(unsigned u)
-{
-	prs(itoa(u));
-}
-
-static void echo(char **wp)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	prs("+");
-	for (i = 0; wp[i]; i++) {
-		if (i)
-			prs(" ");
-		prs(wp[i]);
-	}
-	prs("\n");
-}
-
-static void closef(int i)
-{
-	if (i > 2)
-		close(i);
-}
-
-static void closeall(void)
-{
-	int u;
-
-	for (u = NUFILE; u < NOFILE;)
-		close(u++);
-}
-
-
-/* fail but return to process next command */
-static void fail(void) NORETURN;
-static void fail(void)
-{
-	longjmp(failpt, 1);
-	/* NOTREACHED */
-}
-
-/* abort shell (or fail in subshell) */
-static void leave(void) NORETURN;
-static void leave(void)
-{
-	DBGPRINTF(("LEAVE: leave called!\n"));
-
-	if (execflg)
-		fail();
-	scraphere();
-	freehere(1);
-	runtrap(0);
-	_exit(exstat);
-	/* NOTREACHED */
-}
-
-static void warn(const char *s)
-{
-	if (*s) {
-		prs(s);
-		if (!exstat)
-			exstat = 255;
-	}
-	prs("\n");
-	if (FLAG['e'])
-		leave();
-}
-
-static void err(const char *s)
-{
-	warn(s);
-	if (FLAG['n'])
-		return;
-	if (!interactive)
-		leave();
-	if (global_env.errpt)
-		longjmp(global_env.errpt, 1);
-	closeall();
-	global_env.iop = global_env.iobase = iostack;
-}
-
-
-/* -------- area.c -------- */
-
-/*
- * All memory between (char *)areabot and (char *)(areatop+1) is
- * exclusively administered by the area management routines.
- * It is assumed that sbrk() and brk() manipulate the high end.
- */
-
-#define sbrk(X) ({ \
-	void * __q = (void *)-1; \
-	if (brkaddr + (int)(X) < brktop) { \
-		__q = brkaddr; \
-		brkaddr += (int)(X); \
-	} \
-	__q; \
-})
-
-static void initarea(void)
-{
-	brkaddr = xmalloc(AREASIZE);
-	brktop = brkaddr + AREASIZE;
-
-	while ((long) sbrk(0) & ALIGN)
-		sbrk(1);
-	areabot = (struct region *) sbrk(REGSIZE);
-
-	areabot->next = areabot;
-	areabot->area = BUSY;
-	areatop = areabot;
-	areanxt = areabot;
-}
-
-static char *getcell(unsigned nbytes)
-{
-	int nregio;
-	struct region *p, *q;
-	int i;
-
-	if (nbytes == 0) {
-		puts("getcell(0)");
-		abort();
-	}
-	/* silly and defeats the algorithm */
-	/*
-	 * round upwards and add administration area
-	 */
-	nregio = (nbytes + (REGSIZE - 1)) / REGSIZE + 1;
-	p = areanxt;
-	for (;;) {
-		if (p->area > areanum) {
-			/*
-			 * merge free cells
-			 */
-			while ((q = p->next)->area > areanum && q != areanxt)
-				p->next = q->next;
-			/*
-			 * exit loop if cell big enough
-			 */
-			if (q >= p + nregio)
-				goto found;
-		}
-		p = p->next;
-		if (p == areanxt)
-			break;
-	}
-	i = nregio >= GROWBY ? nregio : GROWBY;
-	p = (struct region *) sbrk(i * REGSIZE);
-	if (p == (struct region *) -1)
-		return NULL;
-	p--;
-	if (p != areatop) {
-		puts("not contig");
-		abort();				/* allocated areas are contiguous */
-	}
-	q = p + i;
-	p->next = q;
-	p->area = FREE;
-	q->next = areabot;
-	q->area = BUSY;
-	areatop = q;
- found:
-	/*
-	 * we found a FREE area big enough, pointed to by 'p', and up to 'q'
-	 */
-	areanxt = p + nregio;
-	if (areanxt < q) {
-		/*
-		 * split into requested area and rest
-		 */
-		if (areanxt + 1 > q) {
-			puts("OOM");
-			abort();			/* insufficient space left for admin */
-		}
-		areanxt->next = q;
-		areanxt->area = FREE;
-		p->next = areanxt;
-	}
-	p->area = areanum;
-	return (char *) (p + 1);
-}
-
-static void freecell(char *cp)
-{
-	struct region *p;
-
-	p = (struct region *) cp;
-	if (p != NULL) {
-		p--;
-		if (p < areanxt)
-			areanxt = p;
-		p->area = FREE;
-	}
-}
-#define	DELETE(obj) freecell((char *)obj)
-
-static void freearea(int a)
-{
-	struct region *p, *top;
-
-	top = areatop;
-	for (p = areabot; p != top; p = p->next)
-		if (p->area >= a)
-			p->area = FREE;
-}
-
-static void setarea(char *cp, int a)
-{
-	struct region *p;
-
-	p = (struct region *) cp;
-	if (p != NULL)
-		(p - 1)->area = a;
-}
-
-static int getarea(char *cp)
-{
-	return ((struct region *) cp - 1)->area;
-}
-
-static void garbage(void)
-{
-	struct region *p, *q, *top;
-
-	top = areatop;
-	for (p = areabot; p != top; p = p->next) {
-		if (p->area > areanum) {
-			while ((q = p->next)->area > areanum)
-				p->next = q->next;
-			areanxt = p;
-		}
-	}
-#ifdef SHRINKBY
-	if (areatop >= q + SHRINKBY && q->area > areanum) {
-		brk((char *) (q + 1));
-		q->next = areabot;
-		q->area = BUSY;
-		areatop = q;
-	}
-#endif
-}
-
-static void *get_space(int n)
-{
-	char *cp;
-
-	cp = getcell(n);
-	if (cp == NULL)
-		err("out of string space");
-	return cp;
-}
-
-static char *strsave(const char *s, int a)
-{
-	char *cp;
-
-	cp = get_space(strlen(s) + 1);
-	if (cp == NULL) {
-// FIXME: I highly doubt this is good.
-		return (char*)"";
-	}
-	setarea(cp, a);
-	strcpy(cp, s);
-	return cp;
-}
-
-
-/* -------- var.c -------- */
-
-static int eqname(const char *n1, const char *n2)
-{
-	for (; *n1 != '=' && *n1 != '\0'; n1++)
-		if (*n2++ != *n1)
-			return 0;
-	return *n2 == '\0' || *n2 == '=';
-}
-
-static const char *findeq(const char *cp)
-{
-	while (*cp != '\0' && *cp != '=')
-		cp++;
-	return cp;
-}
-
-/*
- * Find the given name in the dictionary
- * and return its value.  If the name was
- * not previously there, enter it now and
- * return a null value.
- */
-static struct var *lookup(const char *n)
-{
-// FIXME: dirty hack
-	static struct var dummy;
-
-	struct var *vp;
-	const char *cp;
-	char *xp;
-	int c;
-
-	if (isdigit(*n)) {
-		dummy.name = (char*)n;
-		for (c = 0; isdigit(*n) && c < 1000; n++)
-			c = c * 10 + *n - '0';
-		dummy.status = RONLY;
-		dummy.value = (c <= dolc ? dolv[c] : null);
-		return &dummy;
-	}
-
-	for (vp = vlist; vp; vp = vp->next)
-		if (eqname(vp->name, n))
-			return vp;
-
-	cp = findeq(n);
-	vp = get_space(sizeof(*vp));
-	if (vp == 0 || (vp->name = get_space((int) (cp - n) + 2)) == NULL) {
-		dummy.name = dummy.value = (char*)"";
-		return &dummy;
-	}
-
-	xp = vp->name;
-	while ((*xp = *n++) != '\0' && *xp != '=')
-		xp++;
-	*xp++ = '=';
-	*xp = '\0';
-	setarea((char *) vp, 0);
-	setarea((char *) vp->name, 0);
-	vp->value = null;
-	vp->next = vlist;
-	vp->status = GETCELL;
-	vlist = vp;
-	return vp;
-}
-
-/*
- * if name is not NULL, it must be
- * a prefix of the space `val',
- * and end with `='.
- * this is all so that exporting
- * values is reasonably painless.
- */
-static void nameval(struct var *vp, const char *val, const char *name)
-{
-	const char *cp;
-	char *xp;
-	int fl;
-
-	if (vp->status & RONLY) {
-		xp = vp->name;
-		while (*xp && *xp != '=')
-			fputc(*xp++, stderr);
-		err(" is read-only");
-		return;
-	}
-	fl = 0;
-	if (name == NULL) {
-		xp = get_space(strlen(vp->name) + strlen(val) + 2);
-		if (xp == NULL)
-			return;
-		/* make string: name=value */
-		setarea(xp, 0);
-		name = xp;
-		cp = vp->name;
-		while ((*xp = *cp++) != '\0' && *xp != '=')
-			xp++;
-		*xp++ = '=';
-		strcpy(xp, val);
-		val = xp;
-		fl = GETCELL;
-	}
-	if (vp->status & GETCELL)
-		freecell(vp->name);		/* form new string `name=value' */
-	vp->name = (char*)name;
-	vp->value = (char*)val;
-	vp->status |= fl;
-}
-
-/*
- * give variable at `vp' the value `val'.
- */
-static void setval(struct var *vp, const char *val)
-{
-	nameval(vp, val, NULL);
-}
-
-static void export(struct var *vp)
-{
-	vp->status |= EXPORT;
-}
-
-static void ronly(struct var *vp)
-{
-	if (isalpha(vp->name[0]) || vp->name[0] == '_')	/* not an internal symbol */
-		vp->status |= RONLY;
-}
-
-static int isassign(const char *s)
-{
-	unsigned char c;
-	DBGPRINTF7(("ISASSIGN: enter, s=%s\n", s));
-
-	c = *s;
-	/* no isalpha() - we shouldn't use locale */
-	/* c | 0x20 - lowercase (Latin) letters */
-	if (c != '_' && (unsigned)((c|0x20) - 'a') > 25)
-		/* not letter */
-		return 0;
-
-	while (1) {
-		c = *++s;
-		if (c == '=')
-			return 1;
-		if (c == '\0')
-			return 0;
-		if (c != '_'
-		 && (unsigned)(c - '0') > 9  /* not number */
-		 && (unsigned)((c|0x20) - 'a') > 25 /* not letter */
-		) {
-			return 0;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-static int assign(const char *s, int cf)
-{
-	const char *cp;
-	struct var *vp;
-
-	DBGPRINTF7(("ASSIGN: enter, s=%s, cf=%d\n", s, cf));
-
-	if (!isalpha(*s) && *s != '_')
-		return 0;
-	for (cp = s; *cp != '='; cp++)
-		if (*cp == '\0' || (!isalnum(*cp) && *cp != '_'))
-			return 0;
-	vp = lookup(s);
-	nameval(vp, ++cp, cf == COPYV ? NULL : s);
-	if (cf != COPYV)
-		vp->status &= ~GETCELL;
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static int checkname(char *cp)
-{
-	DBGPRINTF7(("CHECKNAME: enter, cp=%s\n", cp));
-
-	if (!isalpha(*cp++) && *(cp - 1) != '_')
-		return 0;
-	while (*cp)
-		if (!isalnum(*cp++) && *(cp - 1) != '_')
-			return 0;
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static void putvlist(int f, int out)
-{
-	struct var *vp;
-
-	for (vp = vlist; vp; vp = vp->next) {
-		if (vp->status & f && (isalpha(*vp->name) || *vp->name == '_')) {
-			if (vp->status & EXPORT)
-				write(out, "export ", 7);
-			if (vp->status & RONLY)
-				write(out, "readonly ", 9);
-			write(out, vp->name, (int) (findeq(vp->name) - vp->name));
-			write(out, "\n", 1);
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-
-/*
- * trap handling
- */
-static void sig(int i)
-{
-	trapset = i;
-	signal(i, sig);
-}
-
-static void runtrap(int i)
-{
-	char *trapstr;
-
-	trapstr = trap[i];
-	if (trapstr == NULL)
-		return;
-
-	if (i == 0)
-		trap[i] = NULL;
-
-	RUN(aword, trapstr, nlchar);
-}
-
-
-static void setdash(void)
-{
-	char *cp;
-	int c;
-	char m['z' - 'a' + 1];
-
-	cp = m;
-	for (c = 'a'; c <= 'z'; c++)
-		if (FLAG[c])
-			*cp++ = c;
-	*cp = '\0';
-	setval(lookup("-"), m);
-}
-
-static int newfile(char *s)
-{
-	int f;
-
-	DBGPRINTF7(("NEWFILE: opening %s\n", s));
-
-	f = 0;
-	if (NOT_LONE_DASH(s)) {
-		DBGPRINTF(("NEWFILE: s is %s\n", s));
-		f = open(s, O_RDONLY);
-		if (f < 0) {
-			prs(s);
-			err(": can't open");
-			return 1;
-		}
-	}
-
-	next(remap(f));
-	return 0;
-}
-
-
-#ifdef UNUSED
-struct op *scantree(struct op *head)
-{
-	struct op *dotnode;
-
-	if (head == NULL)
-		return NULL;
-
-	if (head->left != NULL) {
-		dotnode = scantree(head->left);
-		if (dotnode)
-			return dotnode;
-	}
-
-	if (head->right != NULL) {
-		dotnode = scantree(head->right);
-		if (dotnode)
-			return dotnode;
-	}
-
-	if (head->op_words == NULL)
-		return NULL;
-
-	DBGPRINTF5(("SCANTREE: checking node %p\n", head));
-
-	if ((head->op_type != TDOT) && LONE_CHAR(head->op_words[0], '.')) {
-		DBGPRINTF5(("SCANTREE: dot found in node %p\n", head));
-		return head;
-	}
-
-	return NULL;
-}
-#endif
-
-
-static void onecommand(void)
-{
-	int i;
-	jmp_buf m1;
-
-	DBGPRINTF(("ONECOMMAND: enter, outtree=%p\n", outtree));
-
-	while (global_env.oenv)
-		quitenv();
-
-	areanum = 1;
-	freehere(areanum);
-	freearea(areanum);
-	garbage();
-	wdlist = NULL;
-	iolist = NULL;
-	global_env.errpt = NULL;
-	global_env.linep = line;
-	yynerrs = 0;
-	multiline = 0;
-	inparse = 1;
-	intr = 0;
-	execflg = 0;
-
-	failpt = m1;
-	setjmp(failpt);		/* Bruce Evans' fix */
-	failpt = m1;
-	if (setjmp(failpt) || yyparse() || intr) {
-		DBGPRINTF(("ONECOMMAND: this is not good.\n"));
-
-		while (global_env.oenv)
-			quitenv();
-		scraphere();
-		if (!interactive && intr)
-			leave();
-		inparse = 0;
-		intr = 0;
-		return;
-	}
-
-	inparse = 0;
-	brklist = 0;
-	intr = 0;
-	execflg = 0;
-
-	if (!FLAG['n']) {
-		DBGPRINTF(("ONECOMMAND: calling execute, t=outtree=%p\n",
-				   outtree));
-		execute(outtree, NOPIPE, NOPIPE, /* no_fork: */ 0);
-	}
-
-	if (!interactive && intr) {
-		execflg = 0;
-		leave();
-	}
-
-	i = trapset;
-	if (i != 0) {
-		trapset = 0;
-		runtrap(i);
-	}
-}
-
-static int newenv(int f)
-{
-	struct env *ep;
-
-	DBGPRINTF(("NEWENV: f=%d (indicates quitenv and return)\n", f));
-
-	if (f) {
-		quitenv();
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	ep = get_space(sizeof(*ep));
-	if (ep == NULL) {
-		while (global_env.oenv)
-			quitenv();
-		fail();
-	}
-	*ep = global_env;
-	global_env.oenv = ep;
-	global_env.errpt = errpt;
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void quitenv(void)
-{
-	struct env *ep;
-	int fd;
-
-	DBGPRINTF(("QUITENV: global_env.oenv=%p\n", global_env.oenv));
-
-	ep = global_env.oenv;
-	if (ep != NULL) {
-		fd = global_env.iofd;
-		global_env = *ep;
-		/* should close `'d files */
-		DELETE(ep);
-		while (--fd >= global_env.iofd)
-			close(fd);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Is character c in s?
- */
-static int any(int c, const char *s)
-{
-	while (*s)
-		if (*s++ == c)
-			return 1;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Is any character from s1 in s2?
- */
-static int anys(const char *s1, const char *s2)
-{
-	while (*s1)
-		if (any(*s1++, s2))
-			return 1;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static char *putn(int n)
-{
-	return itoa(n);
-}
-
-static void next(int f)
-{
-	PUSHIO(afile, f, filechar);
-}
-
-static void onintr(int s UNUSED_PARAM) /* ANSI C requires a parameter */
-{
-	signal(SIGINT, onintr);
-	intr = 1;
-	if (interactive) {
-		if (inparse) {
-			prs("\n");
-			fail();
-		}
-	} else if (heedint) {
-		execflg = 0;
-		leave();
-	}
-}
-
-
-/* -------- gmatch.c -------- */
-/*
- * int gmatch(string, pattern)
- * char *string, *pattern;
- *
- * Match a pattern as in sh(1).
- */
-
-#define	CMASK	0377
-#define	QUOTE	0200
-#define	QMASK	(CMASK & ~QUOTE)
-#define	NOT	'!'					/* might use ^ */
-
-static const char *cclass(const char *p, int sub)
-{
-	int c, d, not, found;
-
-	not = (*p == NOT);
-	if (not != 0)
-		p++;
-	found = not;
-	do {
-		if (*p == '\0')
-			return NULL;
-		c = *p & CMASK;
-		if (p[1] == '-' && p[2] != ']') {
-			d = p[2] & CMASK;
-			p++;
-		} else
-			d = c;
-		if (c == sub || (c <= sub && sub <= d))
-			found = !not;
-	} while (*++p != ']');
-	return found ? p + 1 : NULL;
-}
-
-static int gmatch(const char *s, const char *p)
-{
-	int sc, pc;
-
-	if (s == NULL || p == NULL)
-		return 0;
-
-	while ((pc = *p++ & CMASK) != '\0') {
-		sc = *s++ & QMASK;
-		switch (pc) {
-		case '[':
-			p = cclass(p, sc);
-			if (p == NULL)
-				return 0;
-			break;
-
-		case '?':
-			if (sc == 0)
-				return 0;
-			break;
-
-		case '*':
-			s--;
-			do {
-				if (*p == '\0' || gmatch(s, p))
-					return 1;
-			} while (*s++ != '\0');
-			return 0;
-
-		default:
-			if (sc != (pc & ~QUOTE))
-				return 0;
-		}
-	}
-	return *s == '\0';
-}
-
-
-/* -------- csyn.c -------- */
-/*
- * shell: syntax (C version)
- */
-
-static void yyerror(const char *s) NORETURN;
-static void yyerror(const char *s)
-{
-	yynerrs = 1;
-	if (interactive && global_env.iop <= iostack) {
-		multiline = 0;
-		while (eofc() == 0 && yylex(0) != '\n')
-			continue;
-	}
-	err(s);
-	fail();
-}
-
-static void zzerr(void) NORETURN;
-static void zzerr(void)
-{
-	yyerror("syntax error");
-}
-
-int yyparse(void)
-{
-	DBGPRINTF7(("YYPARSE: enter...\n"));
-
-	startl = 1;
-	peeksym = 0;
-	yynerrs = 0;
-	outtree = c_list();
-	musthave('\n', 0);
-	return yynerrs; /* 0/1 */
-}
-
-static struct op *pipeline(int cf)
-{
-	struct op *t, *p;
-	int c;
-
-	DBGPRINTF7(("PIPELINE: enter, cf=%d\n", cf));
-
-	t = command(cf);
-
-	DBGPRINTF9(("PIPELINE: t=%p\n", t));
-
-	if (t != NULL) {
-		while ((c = yylex(0)) == '|') {
-			p = command(CONTIN);
-			if (p == NULL) {
-				DBGPRINTF8(("PIPELINE: error!\n"));
-				zzerr();
-			}
-
-			if (t->op_type != TPAREN && t->op_type != TCOM) {
-				/* shell statement */
-				t = block(TPAREN, t, NOBLOCK, NOWORDS);
-			}
-
-			t = block(TPIPE, t, p, NOWORDS);
-		}
-		peeksym = c;
-	}
-
-	DBGPRINTF7(("PIPELINE: returning t=%p\n", t));
-	return t;
-}
-
-static struct op *andor(void)
-{
-	struct op *t, *p;
-	int c;
-
-	DBGPRINTF7(("ANDOR: enter...\n"));
-
-	t = pipeline(0);
-
-	DBGPRINTF9(("ANDOR: t=%p\n", t));
-
-	if (t != NULL) {
-		while ((c = yylex(0)) == LOGAND || c == LOGOR) {
-			p = pipeline(CONTIN);
-			if (p == NULL) {
-				DBGPRINTF8(("ANDOR: error!\n"));
-				zzerr();
-			}
-
-			t = block(c == LOGAND ? TAND : TOR, t, p, NOWORDS);
-		}
-
-		peeksym = c;
-	}
-
-	DBGPRINTF7(("ANDOR: returning t=%p\n", t));
-	return t;
-}
-
-static struct op *c_list(void)
-{
-	struct op *t, *p;
-	int c;
-
-	DBGPRINTF7(("C_LIST: enter...\n"));
-
-	t = andor();
-
-	if (t != NULL) {
-		peeksym = yylex(0);
-		if (peeksym == '&')
-			t = block(TASYNC, t, NOBLOCK, NOWORDS);
-
-		while ((c = yylex(0)) == ';' || c == '&'
-		 || (multiline && c == '\n')
-		) {
-			p = andor();
-			if (p== NULL)
-				return t;
-
-			peeksym = yylex(0);
-			if (peeksym == '&')
-				p = block(TASYNC, p, NOBLOCK, NOWORDS);
-
-			t = list(t, p);
-		}						/* WHILE */
-
-		peeksym = c;
-	}
-	/* IF */
-	DBGPRINTF7(("C_LIST: returning t=%p\n", t));
-	return t;
-}
-
-static int synio(int cf)
-{
-	struct ioword *iop;
-	int i;
-	int c;
-
-	DBGPRINTF7(("SYNIO: enter, cf=%d\n", cf));
-
-	c = yylex(cf);
-	if (c != '<' && c != '>') {
-		peeksym = c;
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	i = yylval.i;
-	musthave(WORD, 0);
-	iop = io(iounit, i, yylval.cp);
-	iounit = IODEFAULT;
-
-	if (i & IOHERE)
-		markhere(yylval.cp, iop);
-
-	DBGPRINTF7(("SYNIO: returning 1\n"));
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static void musthave(int c, int cf)
-{
-	peeksym = yylex(cf);
-	if (peeksym != c) {
-		DBGPRINTF7(("MUSTHAVE: error!\n"));
-		zzerr();
-	}
-
-	peeksym = 0;
-}
-
-static struct op *simple(void)
-{
-	struct op *t;
-
-	t = NULL;
-	for (;;) {
-		switch (peeksym = yylex(0)) {
-		case '<':
-		case '>':
-			(void) synio(0);
-			break;
-
-		case WORD:
-			if (t == NULL) {
-				t = newtp();
-				t->op_type = TCOM;
-			}
-			peeksym = 0;
-			word(yylval.cp);
-			break;
-
-		default:
-			return t;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-static struct op *nested(int type, int mark)
-{
-	struct op *t;
-
-	DBGPRINTF3(("NESTED: enter, type=%d, mark=%d\n", type, mark));
-
-	multiline++;
-	t = c_list();
-	musthave(mark, 0);
-	multiline--;
-	return block(type, t, NOBLOCK, NOWORDS);
-}
-
-static struct op *command(int cf)
-{
-	struct op *t;
-	struct wdblock *iosave;
-	int c;
-
-	DBGPRINTF(("COMMAND: enter, cf=%d\n", cf));
-
-	iosave = iolist;
-	iolist = NULL;
-
-	if (multiline)
-		cf |= CONTIN;
-
-	while (synio(cf))
-		cf = 0;
-
-	c = yylex(cf);
-
-	switch (c) {
-	default:
-		peeksym = c;
-		t = simple();
-		if (t == NULL) {
-			if (iolist == NULL)
-				return NULL;
-			t = newtp();
-			t->op_type = TCOM;
-		}
-		break;
-
-	case '(':
-		t = nested(TPAREN, ')');
-		break;
-
-	case '{':
-		t = nested(TBRACE, '}');
-		break;
-
-	case FOR:
-		t = newtp();
-		t->op_type = TFOR;
-		musthave(WORD, 0);
-		startl = 1;
-		t->str = yylval.cp;
-		multiline++;
-		t->op_words = wordlist();
-		c = yylex(0);
-		if (c != '\n' && c != ';')
-			peeksym = c;
-		t->left = dogroup(0);
-		multiline--;
-		break;
-
-	case WHILE:
-	case UNTIL:
-		multiline++;
-		t = newtp();
-		t->op_type = (c == WHILE ? TWHILE : TUNTIL);
-		t->left = c_list();
-		t->right = dogroup(1);
-		/* t->op_words = NULL; - newtp() did this */
-		multiline--;
-		break;
-
-	case CASE:
-		t = newtp();
-		t->op_type = TCASE;
-		musthave(WORD, 0);
-		t->str = yylval.cp;
-		startl++;
-		multiline++;
-		musthave(IN, CONTIN);
-		startl++;
-
-		t->left = caselist();
-
-		musthave(ESAC, 0);
-		multiline--;
-		break;
-
-	case IF:
-		multiline++;
-		t = newtp();
-		t->op_type = TIF;
-		t->left = c_list();
-		t->right = thenpart();
-		musthave(FI, 0);
-		multiline--;
-		break;
-
-	case DOT:
-		t = newtp();
-		t->op_type = TDOT;
-
-		musthave(WORD, 0);              /* gets name of file */
-		DBGPRINTF7(("COMMAND: DOT clause, yylval.cp is %s\n", yylval.cp));
-
-		word(yylval.cp);                /* add word to wdlist */
-		word(NOWORD);                   /* terminate  wdlist */
-		t->op_words = copyw();          /* dup wdlist */
-		break;
-
-	}
-
-	while (synio(0))
-		continue;
-
-	t = namelist(t);
-	iolist = iosave;
-
-	DBGPRINTF(("COMMAND: returning %p\n", t));
-
-	return t;
-}
-
-static struct op *dowholefile(int type /*, int mark*/)
-{
-	struct op *t;
-
-	DBGPRINTF(("DOWHOLEFILE: enter, type=%d\n", type /*, mark*/));
-
-	multiline++;
-	t = c_list();
-	multiline--;
-	t = block(type, t, NOBLOCK, NOWORDS);
-	DBGPRINTF(("DOWHOLEFILE: return t=%p\n", t));
-	return t;
-}
-
-static struct op *dogroup(int onlydone)
-{
-	int c;
-	struct op *mylist;
-
-	c = yylex(CONTIN);
-	if (c == DONE && onlydone)
-		return NULL;
-	if (c != DO)
-		zzerr();
-	mylist = c_list();
-	musthave(DONE, 0);
-	return mylist;
-}
-
-static struct op *thenpart(void)
-{
-	int c;
-	struct op *t;
-
-	c = yylex(0);
-	if (c != THEN) {
-		peeksym = c;
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	t = newtp();
-	/*t->op_type = 0; - newtp() did this */
-	t->left = c_list();
-	if (t->left == NULL)
-		zzerr();
-	t->right = elsepart();
-	return t;
-}
-
-static struct op *elsepart(void)
-{
-	int c;
-	struct op *t;
-
-	switch (c = yylex(0)) {
-	case ELSE:
-		t = c_list();
-		if (t == NULL)
-			zzerr();
-		return t;
-
-	case ELIF:
-		t = newtp();
-		t->op_type = TELIF;
-		t->left = c_list();
-		t->right = thenpart();
-		return t;
-
-	default:
-		peeksym = c;
-		return NULL;
-	}
-}
-
-static struct op *caselist(void)
-{
-	struct op *t;
-
-	t = NULL;
-	while ((peeksym = yylex(CONTIN)) != ESAC) {
-		DBGPRINTF(("CASELIST, doing yylex, peeksym=%d\n", peeksym));
-		t = list(t, casepart());
-	}
-
-	DBGPRINTF(("CASELIST, returning t=%p\n", t));
-	return t;
-}
-
-static struct op *casepart(void)
-{
-	struct op *t;
-
-	DBGPRINTF7(("CASEPART: enter...\n"));
-
-	t = newtp();
-	t->op_type = TPAT;
-	t->op_words = pattern();
-	musthave(')', 0);
-	t->left = c_list();
-	peeksym = yylex(CONTIN);
-	if (peeksym != ESAC)
-		musthave(BREAK, CONTIN);
-
-	DBGPRINTF7(("CASEPART: made newtp(TPAT, t=%p)\n", t));
-
-	return t;
-}
-
-static char **pattern(void)
-{
-	int c, cf;
-
-	cf = CONTIN;
-	do {
-		musthave(WORD, cf);
-		word(yylval.cp);
-		cf = 0;
-		c = yylex(0);
-	} while (c == '|');
-	peeksym = c;
-	word(NOWORD);
-
-	return copyw();
-}
-
-static char **wordlist(void)
-{
-	int c;
-
-	c = yylex(0);
-	if (c != IN) {
-		peeksym = c;
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	startl = 0;
-	while ((c = yylex(0)) == WORD)
-		word(yylval.cp);
-	word(NOWORD);
-	peeksym = c;
-	return copyw();
-}
-
-/*
- * supporting functions
- */
-static struct op *list(struct op *t1, struct op *t2)
-{
-	DBGPRINTF7(("LIST: enter, t1=%p, t2=%p\n", t1, t2));
-
-	if (t1 == NULL)
-		return t2;
-	if (t2 == NULL)
-		return t1;
-
-	return block(TLIST, t1, t2, NOWORDS);
-}
-
-static struct op *block(int type, struct op *t1, struct op *t2, char **wp)
-{
-	struct op *t;
-
-	DBGPRINTF7(("BLOCK: enter, type=%d (%s)\n", type, T_CMD_NAMES[type]));
-
-	t = newtp();
-	t->op_type = type;
-	t->left = t1;
-	t->right = t2;
-	t->op_words = wp;
-
-	DBGPRINTF7(("BLOCK: inserted %p between %p and %p\n", t, t1, t2));
-
-	return t;
-}
-
-/* See if given string is a shell multiline (FOR, IF, etc) */
-static int rlookup(char *n)
-{
-	struct res {
-		char r_name[6];
-		int16_t r_val;
-	};
-	static const struct res restab[] = {
-		{ "for"  , FOR    },
-		{ "case" , CASE   },
-		{ "esac" , ESAC   },
-		{ "while", WHILE  },
-		{ "do"   , DO     },
-		{ "done" , DONE   },
-		{ "if"   , IF     },
-		{ "in"   , IN     },
-		{ "then" , THEN   },
-		{ "else" , ELSE   },
-		{ "elif" , ELIF   },
-		{ "until", UNTIL  },
-		{ "fi"   , FI     },
-		{ ";;"   , BREAK  },
-		{ "||"   , LOGOR  },
-		{ "&&"   , LOGAND },
-		{ "{"    , '{'    },
-		{ "}"    , '}'    },
-		{ "."    , DOT    },
-		{ ""     , 0      },
-	};
-
-	const struct res *rp;
-
-	DBGPRINTF7(("RLOOKUP: enter, n is %s\n", n));
-
-	for (rp = restab; rp->r_name[0]; rp++)
-		if (strcmp(rp->r_name, n) == 0) {
-			DBGPRINTF7(("RLOOKUP: match, returning %d\n", rp->r_val));
-			return rp->r_val;	/* Return numeric code for shell multiline */
-		}
-
-	DBGPRINTF7(("RLOOKUP: NO match, returning 0\n"));
-	return 0;					/* Not a shell multiline */
-}
-
-static struct op *newtp(void)
-{
-	struct op *t;
-
-	t = (struct op *) tree(sizeof(*t));
-	memset(t, 0, sizeof(*t));
-
-	DBGPRINTF3(("NEWTP: allocated %p\n", t));
-
-	return t;
-}
-
-static struct op *namelist(struct op *t)
-{
-	DBGPRINTF7(("NAMELIST: enter, t=%p, type %s, iolist=%p\n", t,
-				T_CMD_NAMES[t->op_type], iolist));
-
-	if (iolist) {
-		iolist = addword((char *) NULL, iolist);
-		t->ioact = copyio();
-	} else
-		t->ioact = NULL;
-
-	if (t->op_type != TCOM) {
-		if (t->op_type != TPAREN && t->ioact != NULL) {
-			t = block(TPAREN, t, NOBLOCK, NOWORDS);
-			t->ioact = t->left->ioact;
-			t->left->ioact = NULL;
-		}
-		return t;
-	}
-
-	word(NOWORD);
-	t->op_words = copyw();
-
-	return t;
-}
-
-static char **copyw(void)
-{
-	char **wd;
-
-	wd = getwords(wdlist);
-	wdlist = NULL;
-	return wd;
-}
-
-static void word(char *cp)
-{
-	wdlist = addword(cp, wdlist);
-}
-
-static struct ioword **copyio(void)
-{
-	struct ioword **iop;
-
-	iop = (struct ioword **) getwords(iolist);
-	iolist = NULL;
-	return iop;
-}
-
-static struct ioword *io(int u, int f, char *cp)
-{
-	struct ioword *iop;
-
-	iop = (struct ioword *) tree(sizeof(*iop));
-	iop->io_fd = u;
-	iop->io_flag = f;
-	iop->io_name = cp;
-	iolist = addword((char *) iop, iolist);
-	return iop;
-}
-
-static int yylex(int cf)
-{
-	int c, c1;
-	int atstart;
-
-	c = peeksym;
-	if (c > 0) {
-		peeksym = 0;
-		if (c == '\n')
-			startl = 1;
-		return c;
-	}
-
-	nlseen = 0;
-	atstart = startl;
-	startl = 0;
-	yylval.i = 0;
-	global_env.linep = line;
-
-/* MALAMO */
-	line[LINELIM - 1] = '\0';
-
- loop:
-	while ((c = my_getc(0)) == ' ' || c == '\t')	/* Skip whitespace */
-		continue;
-
-	switch (c) {
-	default:
-		if (any(c, "0123456789")) {
-			c1 = my_getc(0);
-			unget(c1);
-			if (c1 == '<' || c1 == '>') {
-				iounit = c - '0';
-				goto loop;
-			}
-			*global_env.linep++ = c;
-			c = c1;
-		}
-		break;
-
-	case '#':	/* Comment, skip to next newline or End-of-string */
-		while ((c = my_getc(0)) != '\0' && c != '\n')
-			continue;
-		unget(c);
-		goto loop;
-
-	case 0:
-		DBGPRINTF5(("YYLEX: return 0, c=%d\n", c));
-		return c;
-
-	case '$':
-		DBGPRINTF9(("YYLEX: found $\n"));
-		*global_env.linep++ = c;
-		c = my_getc(0);
-		if (c == '{') {
-			c = collect(c, '}');
-			if (c != '\0')
-				return c;
-			goto pack;
-		}
-		break;
-
-	case '`':
-	case '\'':
-	case '"':
-		c = collect(c, c);
-		if (c != '\0')
-			return c;
-		goto pack;
-
-	case '|':
-	case '&':
-	case ';':
-		startl = 1;
-		/* If more chars process them, else return NULL char */
-		c1 = dual(c);
-		if (c1 != '\0')
-			return c1;
-		return c;
-
-	case '^':
-		startl = 1;
-		return '|';
-	case '>':
-	case '<':
-		diag(c);
-		return c;
-
-	case '\n':
-		nlseen++;
-		gethere();
-		startl = 1;
-		if (multiline || cf & CONTIN) {
-			if (interactive && global_env.iop <= iostack) {
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING
-				current_prompt = cprompt->value;
-#else
-				prs(cprompt->value);
-#endif
-			}
-			if (cf & CONTIN)
-				goto loop;
-		}
-		return c;
-
-	case '(':
-	case ')':
-		startl = 1;
-		return c;
-	}
-
-	unget(c);
-
- pack:
-	while ((c = my_getc(0)) != '\0' && !any(c, "`$ '\"\t;&<>()|^\n")) {
-		if (global_env.linep >= elinep)
-			err("word too long");
-		else
-			*global_env.linep++ = c;
-	};
-
-	unget(c);
-
-	if (any(c, "\"'`$"))
-		goto loop;
-
-	*global_env.linep++ = '\0';
-
-	if (atstart) {
-		c = rlookup(line);
-		if (c != 0) {
-			startl = 1;
-			return c;
-		}
-	}
-
-	yylval.cp = strsave(line, areanum);
-	return WORD;
-}
-
-
-static int collect(int c, int c1)
-{
-	char s[2];
-
-	DBGPRINTF8(("COLLECT: enter, c=%d, c1=%d\n", c, c1));
-
-	*global_env.linep++ = c;
-	while ((c = my_getc(c1)) != c1) {
-		if (c == 0) {
-			unget(c);
-			s[0] = c1;
-			s[1] = 0;
-			prs("no closing ");
-			yyerror(s);
-			return YYERRCODE;
-		}
-		if (interactive && c == '\n' && global_env.iop <= iostack) {
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING
-			current_prompt = cprompt->value;
-#else
-			prs(cprompt->value);
-#endif
-		}
-		*global_env.linep++ = c;
-	}
-
-	*global_env.linep++ = c;
-
-	DBGPRINTF8(("COLLECT: return 0, line is %s\n", line));
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* "multiline commands" helper func */
-/* see if next 2 chars form a shell multiline */
-static int dual(int c)
-{
-	char s[3];
-	char *cp = s;
-
-	DBGPRINTF8(("DUAL: enter, c=%d\n", c));
-
-	*cp++ = c;              /* c is the given "peek" char */
-	*cp++ = my_getc(0);     /* get next char of input */
-	*cp = '\0';             /* add EOS marker */
-
-	c = rlookup(s);	        /* see if 2 chars form a shell multiline */
-	if (c == 0)
-		unget(*--cp);   /* String is not a shell multiline, put peek char back */
-
-	return c;               /* String is multiline, return numeric multiline (restab) code */
-}
-
-static void diag(int ec)
-{
-	int c;
-
-	DBGPRINTF8(("DIAG: enter, ec=%d\n", ec));
-
-	c = my_getc(0);
-	if (c == '>' || c == '<') {
-		if (c != ec)
-			zzerr();
-		yylval.i = (ec == '>' ? IOWRITE | IOCAT : IOHERE);
-		c = my_getc(0);
-	} else
-		yylval.i = (ec == '>' ? IOWRITE : IOREAD);
-	if (c != '&' || yylval.i == IOHERE)
-		unget(c);
-	else
-		yylval.i |= IODUP;
-}
-
-static char *tree(unsigned size)
-{
-	char *t;
-
-	t = getcell(size);
-	if (t == NULL) {
-		DBGPRINTF2(("TREE: getcell(%d) failed!\n", size));
-		prs("command line too complicated\n");
-		fail();
-		/* NOTREACHED */
-	}
-	return t;
-}
-
-
-/* VARARGS1 */
-/* ARGSUSED */
-
-/* -------- exec.c -------- */
-
-static struct op **find1case(struct op *t, const char *w)
-{
-	struct op *t1;
-	struct op **tp;
-	char **wp;
-	char *cp;
-
-	if (t == NULL) {
-		DBGPRINTF3(("FIND1CASE: enter, t==NULL, returning.\n"));
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	DBGPRINTF3(("FIND1CASE: enter, t->op_type=%d (%s)\n", t->op_type,
-				T_CMD_NAMES[t->op_type]));
-
-	if (t->op_type == TLIST) {
-		tp = find1case(t->left, w);
-		if (tp != NULL) {
-			DBGPRINTF3(("FIND1CASE: found one to the left, returning tp=%p\n", tp));
-			return tp;
-		}
-		t1 = t->right;			/* TPAT */
-	} else
-		t1 = t;
-
-	for (wp = t1->op_words; *wp;) {
-		cp = evalstr(*wp++, DOSUB);
-		if (cp && gmatch(w, cp)) {
-			DBGPRINTF3(("FIND1CASE: returning &t1->left= %p.\n",
-						&t1->left));
-			return &t1->left;
-		}
-	}
-
-	DBGPRINTF(("FIND1CASE: returning NULL\n"));
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-static struct op *findcase(struct op *t, const char *w)
-{
-	struct op **tp;
-
-	tp = find1case(t, w);
-	return tp != NULL ? *tp : NULL;
-}
-
-/*
- * execute tree
- */
-
-static int execute(struct op *t, int *pin, int *pout, int no_fork)
-{
-	struct op *t1;
-	volatile int i, rv, a;
-	const char *cp;
-	char **wp, **wp2;
-	struct var *vp;
-	struct op *outtree_save;
-	struct brkcon bc;
-
-#if __GNUC__
-	/* Avoid longjmp clobbering */
-	(void) &wp;
-#endif
-
-	if (t == NULL) {
-		DBGPRINTF4(("EXECUTE: enter, t==null, returning.\n"));
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	DBGPRINTF(("EXECUTE: t=%p, t->op_type=%d (%s), t->op_words is %s\n", t,
-			   t->op_type, T_CMD_NAMES[t->op_type],
-			   ((t->op_words == NULL) ? "NULL" : t->op_words[0])));
-
-	rv = 0;
-	a = areanum++;
-	wp2 = t->op_words;
-	wp = (wp2 != NULL)
-		? eval(wp2, t->op_type == TCOM ? DOALL : DOALL & ~DOKEY)
-		: NULL;
-
-	switch (t->op_type) {
-	case TDOT:
-		DBGPRINTF3(("EXECUTE: TDOT\n"));
-
-		outtree_save = outtree;
-
-		newfile(evalstr(t->op_words[0], DOALL));
-
-		t->left = dowholefile(TLIST /*, 0*/);
-		t->right = NULL;
-
-		outtree = outtree_save;
-
-		if (t->left)
-			rv = execute(t->left, pin, pout, /* no_fork: */ 0);
-		if (t->right)
-			rv = execute(t->right, pin, pout, /* no_fork: */ 0);
-		break;
-
-	case TPAREN:
-		rv = execute(t->left, pin, pout, /* no_fork: */ 0);
-		break;
-
-	case TCOM:
-		rv = forkexec(t, pin, pout, no_fork, wp);
-		break;
-
-	case TPIPE:
-		{
-			int pv[2];
-
-			rv = openpipe(pv);
-			if (rv < 0)
-				break;
-			pv[0] = remap(pv[0]);
-			pv[1] = remap(pv[1]);
-			(void) execute(t->left, pin, pv, /* no_fork: */ 0);
-			rv = execute(t->right, pv, pout, /* no_fork: */ 0);
-		}
-		break;
-
-	case TLIST:
-		(void) execute(t->left, pin, pout, /* no_fork: */ 0);
-		rv = execute(t->right, pin, pout, /* no_fork: */ 0);
-		break;
-
-	case TASYNC:
-		{
-			smallint hinteractive = interactive;
-
-			DBGPRINTF7(("EXECUTE: TASYNC clause, calling vfork()...\n"));
-
-			i = vfork();
-			if (i == 0) { /* child */
-				signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
-				signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
-				if (interactive)
-					signal(SIGTERM, SIG_DFL);
-				interactive = 0;
-				if (pin == NULL) {
-					close(0);
-					xopen(bb_dev_null, O_RDONLY);
-				}
-				_exit(execute(t->left, pin, pout, /* no_fork: */ 1));
-			}
-			interactive = hinteractive;
-			if (i != -1) {
-				setval(lookup("!"), putn(i));
-				closepipe(pin);
-				if (interactive) {
-					prs(putn(i));
-					prs("\n");
-				}
-			} else
-				rv = -1;
-			setstatus(rv);
-		}
-		break;
-
-	case TOR:
-	case TAND:
-		rv = execute(t->left, pin, pout, /* no_fork: */ 0);
-		t1 = t->right;
-		if (t1 != NULL && (rv == 0) == (t->op_type == TAND))
-			rv = execute(t1, pin, pout, /* no_fork: */ 0);
-		break;
-
-	case TFOR:
-		if (wp == NULL) {
-			wp = dolv + 1;
-			i = dolc;
-			if (i < 0)
-				i = 0;
-		} else {
-			i = -1;
-			while (*wp++ != NULL)
-				continue;
-		}
-		vp = lookup(t->str);
-		while (setjmp(bc.brkpt))
-			if (isbreak)
-				goto broken;
-		/* Restore areanum value. It may be incremented by execute()
-		 * below, and then "continue" may jump back to setjmp above */
-		areanum = a + 1;
-		freearea(areanum + 1);
-		brkset(&bc);
-		for (t1 = t->left; i-- && *wp != NULL;) {
-			setval(vp, *wp++);
-			rv = execute(t1, pin, pout, /* no_fork: */ 0);
-		}
-		brklist = brklist->nextlev;
-		break;
-
-	case TWHILE:
-	case TUNTIL:
-		while (setjmp(bc.brkpt))
-			if (isbreak)
-				goto broken;
-		/* Restore areanum value. It may be incremented by execute()
-		 * below, and then "continue" may jump back to setjmp above */
-		areanum = a + 1;
-		freearea(areanum + 1);
-		brkset(&bc);
-		t1 = t->left;
-		while ((execute(t1, pin, pout, /* no_fork: */ 0) == 0) == (t->op_type == TWHILE))
-			rv = execute(t->right, pin, pout, /* no_fork: */ 0);
-		brklist = brklist->nextlev;
-		break;
-
-	case TIF:
-	case TELIF:
-		if (t->right != NULL) {
-			rv = !execute(t->left, pin, pout, /* no_fork: */ 0) ?
-				execute(t->right->left, pin, pout, /* no_fork: */ 0) :
-				execute(t->right->right, pin, pout, /* no_fork: */ 0);
-		}
-		break;
-
-	case TCASE:
-		cp = evalstr(t->str, DOSUB | DOTRIM);
-		if (cp == NULL)
-			cp = "";
-
-		DBGPRINTF7(("EXECUTE: TCASE, t->str is %s, cp is %s\n",
-					((t->str == NULL) ? "NULL" : t->str),
-					((cp == NULL) ? "NULL" : cp)));
-
-		t1 = findcase(t->left, cp);
-		if (t1 != NULL) {
-			DBGPRINTF7(("EXECUTE: TCASE, calling execute(t=%p, t1=%p)...\n", t, t1));
-			rv = execute(t1, pin, pout, /* no_fork: */ 0);
-			DBGPRINTF7(("EXECUTE: TCASE, back from execute(t=%p, t1=%p)...\n", t, t1));
-		}
-		break;
-
-	case TBRACE:
-/*
-		iopp = t->ioact;
-		if (i)
-			while (*iopp)
-				if (iosetup(*iopp++, pin!=NULL, pout!=NULL)) {
-					rv = -1;
-					break;
-				}
-*/
-		if (rv >= 0) {
-			t1 = t->left;
-			if (t1) {
-				rv = execute(t1, pin, pout, /* no_fork: */ 0);
-			}
-		}
-		break;
-
-	};
-
- broken:
-// Restoring op_words is most likely not needed now: see comment in forkexec()
-// (also take a look at exec builtin (doexec) - it touches t->op_words)
-	t->op_words = wp2;
-	isbreak = 0;
-	freehere(areanum);
-	freearea(areanum);
-	areanum = a;
-	if (interactive && intr) {
-		closeall();
-		fail();
-	}
-
-	i = trapset;
-	if (i != 0) {
-		trapset = 0;
-		runtrap(i);
-	}
-
-	DBGPRINTF(("EXECUTE: returning from t=%p, rv=%d\n", t, rv));
-	return rv;
-}
-
-static builtin_func_ptr inbuilt(const char *s)
-{
-	const struct builtincmd *bp;
-
-	for (bp = builtincmds; bp->name; bp++)
-		if (strcmp(bp->name, s) == 0)
-			return bp->builtinfunc;
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-static int forkexec(struct op *t, int *pin, int *pout, int no_fork, char **wp)
-{
-	pid_t newpid;
-	int i;
-	builtin_func_ptr bltin = NULL;
-	const char *bltin_name = NULL;
-	const char *cp;
-	struct ioword **iopp;
-	int resetsig;
-	char **owp;
-	int forked;
-
-	int *hpin = pin;
-	int *hpout = pout;
-	char *hwp;
-	smallint hinteractive;
-	smallint hintr;
-	smallint hexecflg;
-	struct brkcon *hbrklist;
-
-#if __GNUC__
-	/* Avoid longjmp clobbering */
-	(void) &pin;
-	(void) &pout;
-	(void) &wp;
-	(void) &bltin;
-	(void) &cp;
-	(void) &resetsig;
-	(void) &owp;
-#endif
-
-	DBGPRINTF(("FORKEXEC: t=%p, pin %p, pout %p, no_fork %d\n", t, pin,
-			pout, no_fork));
-	DBGPRINTF7(("FORKEXEC: t->op_words is %s\n",
-			((t->op_words == NULL) ? "NULL" : t->op_words[0])));
-	owp = wp;
-	resetsig = 0;
-	if (t->op_type == TCOM) {
-		while (*wp++ != NULL)
-			continue;
-		cp = *wp;
-
-		/* strip all initial assignments */
-		/* FIXME: not correct wrt PATH=yyy command etc */
-		if (FLAG['x']) {
-			DBGPRINTF9(("FORKEXEC: echo'ing, cp=%p, wp=%p, owp=%p\n",
-						cp, wp, owp));
-			echo(cp ? wp : owp);
-		}
-
-		if (cp == NULL) {
-			if (t->ioact == NULL) {
-				while ((cp = *owp++) != NULL && assign(cp, COPYV))
-					continue;
-				DBGPRINTF(("FORKEXEC: returning setstatus(0)\n"));
-				return setstatus(0);
-			}
-		} else { /* cp != NULL */
-			bltin_name = cp;
-			bltin = inbuilt(cp);
-		}
-	}
-
-	forked = 0;
-	// We were pointing t->op_words to temporary (expanded) arg list:
-	// t->op_words = wp;
-	// and restored it later (in execute()), but "break"
-	// longjmps away (at "Run builtin" below), leaving t->op_words clobbered!
-	// See http://bugs.busybox.net/view.php?id=846.
-	// Now we do not touch t->op_words, but separately pass wp as param list
-	// to builtins
-	DBGPRINTF(("FORKEXEC: bltin %p, no_fork %d, owp %p\n", bltin,
-			no_fork, owp));
-	/* Don't fork if it is a lone builtin (not in pipe)
-	 * OR we are told to _not_ fork */
-	if ((!bltin || pin || pout)   /* not lone bltin AND */
-	 && !no_fork                  /* not told to avoid fork */
-	) {
-		/* Save values in case child alters them after vfork */
-		hpin = pin;
-		hpout = pout;
-		hwp = *wp;
-		hinteractive = interactive;
-		hintr = intr;
-		hbrklist = brklist;
-		hexecflg = execflg;
-
-		DBGPRINTF3(("FORKEXEC: calling vfork()...\n"));
-		newpid = vfork();
-		if (newpid == -1) {
-			DBGPRINTF(("FORKEXEC: ERROR, can't vfork()!\n"));
-			return -1;
-		}
-
-		if (newpid > 0) {  /* Parent */
-			/* Restore values */
-			pin = hpin;
-			pout = hpout;
-			*wp = hwp;
-			interactive = hinteractive;
-			intr = hintr;
-			brklist = hbrklist;
-			execflg = hexecflg;
-
-			closepipe(pin);
-			return (pout == NULL ? setstatus(waitfor(newpid, 0)) : 0);
-		}
-
-		/* Child */
-		DBGPRINTF(("FORKEXEC: child process, bltin=%p (%s)\n", bltin, bltin_name));
-		if (interactive) {
-			signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
-			signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
-			resetsig = 1;
-		}
-		interactive = 0;
-		intr = 0;
-		forked = 1;
-		brklist = 0;
-		execflg = 0;
-	}
-
-	if (owp)
-		while ((cp = *owp++) != NULL && assign(cp, COPYV))
-			if (!bltin)
-				export(lookup(cp));
-
-	if (pin) { /* NB: close _first_, then move fds! */
-		close(pin[1]);
-		xmove_fd(pin[0], 0);
-	}
-	if (pout) {
-		close(pout[0]);
-		xmove_fd(pout[1], 1);
-	}
-
-	iopp = t->ioact;
-	if (iopp) {
-		if (bltin && bltin != doexec) {
-			prs(bltin_name);
-			err(": can't redirect shell command");
-			if (forked)
-				_exit(-1);
-			return -1;
-		}
-		while (*iopp) {
-			if (iosetup(*iopp++, pin != NULL, pout != NULL)) {
-				/* system-detected error */
-				if (forked)
-					_exit(-1);
-				return -1;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (bltin) {
-		if (forked || pin || pout) {
-			/* Builtin in pipe: disallowed */
-			/* TODO: allow "exec"? */
-			prs(bltin_name);
-			err(": can't run builtin as part of pipe");
-			if (forked)
-				_exit(-1);
-			return -1;
-		}
-		/* Run builtin */
-		i = setstatus(bltin(t, wp));
-		if (forked)
-			_exit(i);
-		DBGPRINTF(("FORKEXEC: returning i=%d\n", i));
-		return i;
-	}
-
-	/* should use FIOCEXCL */
-	for (i = FDBASE; i < NOFILE; i++)
-		close(i);
-	if (resetsig) {
-		signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
-		signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_DFL);
-	}
-
-	if (t->op_type == TPAREN)
-		_exit(execute(t->left, NOPIPE, NOPIPE, /* no_fork: */ 1));
-	if (wp[0] == NULL)
-		_exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
-
-	cp = rexecve(wp[0], wp, makenv(0, NULL));
-	prs(wp[0]);
-	prs(": ");
-	err(cp);
-	if (!execflg)
-		trap[0] = NULL;
-
-	DBGPRINTF(("FORKEXEC: calling leave(), pid=%d\n", getpid()));
-
-	leave();
-	/* NOTREACHED */
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * 0< 1> are ignored as required
- * within pipelines.
- */
-static int iosetup(struct ioword *iop, int pipein, int pipeout)
-{
-	int u = -1;
-	char *cp = NULL;
-	const char *msg;
-
-	DBGPRINTF(("IOSETUP: iop %p, pipein %i, pipeout %i\n", iop,
-			   pipein, pipeout));
-
-	if (iop->io_fd == IODEFAULT)	/* take default */
-		iop->io_fd = iop->io_flag & (IOREAD | IOHERE) ? 0 : 1;
-
-	if (pipein && iop->io_fd == 0)
-		return 0;
-
-	if (pipeout && iop->io_fd == 1)
-		return 0;
-
-	msg = iop->io_flag & (IOREAD | IOHERE) ? "open" : "create";
-	if ((iop->io_flag & IOHERE) == 0) {
-		cp = iop->io_name; /* huh?? */
-		cp = evalstr(cp, DOSUB | DOTRIM);
-		if (cp == NULL)
-			return 1;
-	}
-
-	if (iop->io_flag & IODUP) {
-		if (cp[1] || (!isdigit(*cp) && *cp != '-')) {
-			prs(cp);
-			err(": illegal >& argument");
-			return 1;
-		}
-		if (*cp == '-')
-			iop->io_flag = IOCLOSE;
-		iop->io_flag &= ~(IOREAD | IOWRITE);
-	}
-
-	switch (iop->io_flag) {
-	case IOREAD:
-		u = open(cp, O_RDONLY);
-		break;
-
-	case IOHERE:
-	case IOHERE | IOXHERE:
-		u = herein(iop->io_name, iop->io_flag & IOXHERE);
-		cp = (char*)"here file";
-		break;
-
-	case IOWRITE | IOCAT:
-		u = open(cp, O_WRONLY);
-		if (u >= 0) {
-			lseek(u, (long) 0, SEEK_END);
-			break;
-		}
-		/* fall through to creation if >>file doesn't exist */
-
-	case IOWRITE:
-		u = creat(cp, 0666);
-		break;
-
-	case IODUP:
-		u = dup2(*cp - '0', iop->io_fd);
-		break;
-
-	case IOCLOSE:
-		close(iop->io_fd);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (u < 0) {
-		prs(cp);
-		prs(": can't ");
-		warn(msg);
-		return 1;
-	}
-	xmove_fd(u, iop->io_fd);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Enter a new loop level (marked for break/continue).
- */
-static void brkset(struct brkcon *bc)
-{
-	bc->nextlev = brklist;
-	brklist = bc;
-}
-
-/*
- * Wait for the last process created.
- * Print a message for each process found
- * that was killed by a signal.
- * Ignore interrupt signals while waiting
- * unless `canintr' is true.
- */
-static int waitfor(int lastpid, int canintr)
-{
-	int pid, rv;
-	int s;
-	smallint oheedint = heedint;
-
-	heedint = 0;
-	rv = 0;
-	do {
-		pid = wait(&s);
-		if (pid == -1) {
-			if (errno != EINTR || canintr)
-				break;
-		} else {
-			rv = WAITSIG(s);
-			if (rv != 0) {
-				if (rv < ARRAY_SIZE(signame)) {
-					if (signame[rv] != NULL) {
-						if (pid != lastpid) {
-							prn(pid);
-							prs(": ");
-						}
-						prs(signame[rv]);
-					}
-				} else {
-					if (pid != lastpid) {
-						prn(pid);
-						prs(": ");
-					}
-					prs("Signal ");
-					prn(rv);
-					prs(" ");
-				}
-				if (WAITCORE(s))
-					prs(" - core dumped");
-				if (rv >= ARRAY_SIZE(signame) || signame[rv])
-					prs("\n");
-				rv |= 0x80;
-			} else
-				rv = WAITVAL(s);
-		}
-	} while (pid != lastpid);
-	heedint = oheedint;
-	if (intr) {
-		if (interactive) {
-			if (canintr)
-				intr = 0;
-		} else {
-			if (exstat == 0)
-				exstat = rv;
-			onintr(0);
-		}
-	}
-	return rv;
-}
-
-static int setstatus(int s)
-{
-	exstat = s;
-	setval(lookup("?"), putn(s));
-	return s;
-}
-
-/*
- * PATH-searching interface to execve.
- * If getenv("PATH") were kept up-to-date,
- * execvp might be used.
- */
-static const char *rexecve(char *c, char **v, char **envp)
-{
-	const char *sp;
-	char *tp;
-	int asis = 0;
-	char *name = c;
-
-	if (ENABLE_FEATURE_SH_STANDALONE) {
-		if (find_applet_by_name(name) >= 0) {
-			/* We have to exec here since we vforked.  Running
-			 * run_applet_and_exit() won't work and bad things
-			 * will happen. */
-			execve(bb_busybox_exec_path, v, envp);
-		}
-	}
-
-	DBGPRINTF(("REXECVE: c=%p, v=%p, envp=%p\n", c, v, envp));
-
-	sp = any('/', c) ? "" : path->value;
-	asis = (*sp == '\0');
-	while (asis || *sp != '\0') {
-		asis = 0;
-		tp = global_env.linep;
-		for (; *sp != '\0'; tp++) {
-			*tp = *sp++;
-			if (*tp == ':') {
-				asis = (*sp == '\0');
-				break;
-			}
-		}
-		if (tp != global_env.linep)
-			*tp++ = '/';
-		strcpy(tp, c);
-
-		DBGPRINTF3(("REXECVE: global_env.linep is %s\n", global_env.linep));
-
-		execve(global_env.linep, v, envp);
-
-		switch (errno) {
-		case ENOEXEC:
-			/* File is executable but file format isnt recognized */
-			/* Run it as a shell script */
-			/* (execve above didnt do it itself, unlike execvp) */
-			*v = global_env.linep;
-			v--;
-			tp = *v;
-			*v = (char*)DEFAULT_SHELL;
-			execve(DEFAULT_SHELL, v, envp);
-			*v = tp;
-			return "no shell";
-
-		case ENOMEM:
-			return (char *) bb_msg_memory_exhausted;
-
-		case E2BIG:
-			return "argument list too long";
-		}
-	}
-	if (errno == ENOENT) {
-		exstat = 127; /* standards require this */
-		return "not found";
-	}
-	exstat = 126; /* mimic bash */
-	return "can't execute";
-}
-
-/*
- * Run the command produced by generator `f'
- * applied to stream `arg'.
- */
-static int run(struct ioarg *argp, int (*f) (struct ioarg *))
-{
-	struct op *otree;
-	struct wdblock *swdlist;
-	struct wdblock *siolist;
-	jmp_buf ev, rt;
-	xint *ofail;
-	int rv;
-
-#if __GNUC__
-	/* Avoid longjmp clobbering */
-	(void) &rv;
-#endif
-
-	DBGPRINTF(("RUN: enter, areanum %d, outtree %p, failpt %p\n",
-			   areanum, outtree, failpt));
-
-	areanum++;
-	swdlist = wdlist;
-	siolist = iolist;
-	otree = outtree;
-	ofail = failpt;
-	rv = -1;
-
-	errpt = ev;
-	if (newenv(setjmp(errpt)) == 0) {
-		wdlist = NULL;
-		iolist = NULL;
-		pushio(argp, f);
-		global_env.iobase = global_env.iop;
-		yynerrs = 0;
-		failpt = rt;
-		if (setjmp(failpt) == 0 && yyparse() == 0)
-			rv = execute(outtree, NOPIPE, NOPIPE, /* no_fork: */ 0);
-		quitenv();
-	} else {
-		DBGPRINTF(("RUN: error from newenv()!\n"));
-	}
-
-	wdlist = swdlist;
-	iolist = siolist;
-	failpt = ofail;
-	outtree = otree;
-	freearea(areanum--);
-
-	return rv;
-}
-
-/* -------- do.c -------- */
-
-/*
- * built-in commands: doX
- */
-
-static int dohelp(struct op *t UNUSED_PARAM, char **args UNUSED_PARAM)
-{
-	int col;
-	const struct builtincmd *x;
-
-	printf(
-		"Built-in commands:\n"
-		"------------------\n");
-
-	col = 0;
-	x = builtincmds;
-	while (x->name) {
-		col += printf("%c%s", ((col == 0) ? '\t' : ' '), x->name);
-		if (col > 60) {
-			bb_putchar('\n');
-			col = 0;
-		}
-		x++;
-	}
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_SH_STANDALONE
-	{
-		const char *applet = applet_names;
-
-		while (*applet) {
-			col += printf("%c%s", ((col == 0) ? '\t' : ' '), applet);
-			if (col > 60) {
-				bb_putchar('\n');
-				col = 0;
-			}
-			applet += strlen(applet) + 1;
-		}
-	}
-#endif
-	puts("\n");
-	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static int dolabel(struct op *t UNUSED_PARAM, char **args UNUSED_PARAM)
-{
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int dochdir(struct op *t UNUSED_PARAM, char **args)
-{
-	const char *cp, *er;
-
-	cp = args[1];
-	if (cp == NULL) {
-		cp = homedir->value;
-		if (cp != NULL)
-			goto do_cd;
-		er = ": no home directory";
-	} else {
- do_cd:
-		if (chdir(cp) >= 0)
-			return 0;
-		er = ": bad directory";
-	}
-	prs(cp != NULL ? cp : "cd");
-	err(er);
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static int doshift(struct op *t UNUSED_PARAM, char **args)
-{
-	int n;
-
-	n = args[1] ? getn(args[1]) : 1;
-	if (dolc < n) {
-		err("nothing to shift");
-		return 1;
-	}
-	dolv[n] = dolv[0];
-	dolv += n;
-	dolc -= n;
-	setval(lookup("#"), putn(dolc));
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * execute login and newgrp directly
- */
-static int dologin(struct op *t UNUSED_PARAM, char **args)
-{
-	const char *cp;
-
-	if (interactive) {
-		signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
-		signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_DFL);
-	}
-	cp = rexecve(args[0], args, makenv(0, NULL));
-	prs(args[0]);
-	prs(": ");
-	err(cp);
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static int doumask(struct op *t UNUSED_PARAM, char **args)
-{
-	int i;
-	char *cp;
-
-	cp = args[1];
-	if (cp == NULL) {
-		i = umask(0);
-		umask(i);
-		printf("%04o\n", i);
-	} else {
-		i = bb_strtou(cp, NULL, 8);
-		if (errno) {
-			err("umask: bad octal number");
-			return 1;
-		}
-		umask(i);
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int doexec(struct op *t, char **args)
-{
-	jmp_buf ex;
-	xint *ofail;
-	char **sv_words;
-
-	t->ioact = NULL;
-	if (!args[1])
-		return 1;
-
-	execflg = 1;
-	ofail = failpt;
-	failpt = ex;
-
-	sv_words = t->op_words;
-	t->op_words = args + 1;
-// TODO: test what will happen with "exec break" -
-// will it leave t->op_words pointing to garbage?
-// (see http://bugs.busybox.net/view.php?id=846)
-	if (setjmp(failpt) == 0)
-		execute(t, NOPIPE, NOPIPE, /* no_fork: */ 1);
-	t->op_words = sv_words;
-
-	failpt = ofail;
-	execflg = 0;
-
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static int dodot(struct op *t UNUSED_PARAM, char **args)
-{
-	int i;
-	const char *sp;
-	char *tp;
-	char *cp;
-	int maltmp;
-
-	DBGPRINTF(("DODOT: enter, t=%p, tleft %p, tright %p, global_env.linep is %s\n",
-		t, t->left, t->right, ((global_env.linep == NULL) ? "NULL" : global_env.linep)));
-
-	cp = args[1];
-	if (cp == NULL) {
-		DBGPRINTF(("DODOT: bad args, ret 0\n"));
-		return 0;
-	}
-	DBGPRINTF(("DODOT: cp is %s\n", cp));
-
-	sp = any('/', cp) ? ":" : path->value;
-
-	DBGPRINTF(("DODOT: sp is %s,  global_env.linep is %s\n",
-			   ((sp == NULL) ? "NULL" : sp),
-			   ((global_env.linep == NULL) ? "NULL" : global_env.linep)));
-
-	while (*sp) {
-		tp = global_env.linep;
-		while (*sp && (*tp = *sp++) != ':')
-			tp++;
-		if (tp != global_env.linep)
-			*tp++ = '/';
-		strcpy(tp, cp);
-
-		/* Original code */
-		i = open(global_env.linep, O_RDONLY);
-		if (i >= 0) {
-			exstat = 0;
-			maltmp = remap(i);
-			DBGPRINTF(("DODOT: remap=%d, exstat=%d, global_env.iofd %d, i %d, global_env.linep is %s\n",
-				maltmp, exstat, global_env.iofd, i, global_env.linep));
-
-			next(maltmp);		/* Basically a PUSHIO */
-
-			DBGPRINTF(("DODOT: returning exstat=%d\n", exstat));
-
-			return exstat;
-		}
-	} /* while */
-
-	prs(cp);
-	err(": not found");
-
-	return -1;
-}
-
-static int dowait(struct op *t UNUSED_PARAM, char **args)
-{
-	int i;
-	char *cp;
-
-	cp = args[1];
-	if (cp != NULL) {
-		i = getn(cp);
-		if (i == 0)
-			return 0;
-	} else
-		i = -1;
-	setstatus(waitfor(i, 1));
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int doread(struct op *t UNUSED_PARAM, char **args)
-{
-	char *cp, **wp;
-	int nb = 0;
-	int nl = 0;
-
-	if (args[1] == NULL) {
-		err("Usage: read name ...");
-		return 1;
-	}
-	for (wp = args + 1; *wp; wp++) {
-		for (cp = global_env.linep; !nl && cp < elinep - 1; cp++) {
-			nb = nonblock_safe_read(STDIN_FILENO, cp, sizeof(*cp));
-			if (nb != sizeof(*cp))
-				break;
-			nl = (*cp == '\n');
-			if (nl || (wp[1] && any(*cp, ifs->value)))
-				break;
-		}
-		*cp = '\0';
-		if (nb <= 0)
-			break;
-		setval(lookup(*wp), global_env.linep);
-	}
-	return nb <= 0;
-}
-
-static int doeval(struct op *t UNUSED_PARAM, char **args)
-{
-	return RUN(awordlist, args + 1, wdchar);
-}
-
-static int dotrap(struct op *t UNUSED_PARAM, char **args)
-{
-	int n, i;
-	int resetsig;
-
-	if (args[1] == NULL) {
-		for (i = 0; i <= _NSIG; i++)
-			if (trap[i]) {
-				prn(i);
-				prs(": ");
-				prs(trap[i]);
-				prs("\n");
-			}
-		return 0;
-	}
-	resetsig = isdigit(args[1][0]);
-	for (i = resetsig ? 1 : 2; args[i] != NULL; ++i) {
-		n = getsig(args[i]);
-		freecell(trap[n]);
-		trap[n] = 0;
-		if (!resetsig) {
-			if (args[1][0] != '\0') {
-				trap[n] = strsave(args[1], 0);
-				setsig(n, sig);
-			} else
-				setsig(n, SIG_IGN);
-		} else {
-			if (interactive) {
-				if (n == SIGINT)
-					setsig(n, onintr);
-				else
-					setsig(n, n == SIGQUIT ? SIG_IGN : SIG_DFL);
-			} else
-				setsig(n, SIG_DFL);
-		}
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int getsig(char *s)
-{
-	int n;
-
-	n = getn(s);
-	if (n < 0 || n > _NSIG) {
-		err("trap: bad signal number");
-		n = 0;
-	}
-	return n;
-}
-
-static void setsig(int n, sighandler_t f)
-{
-	if (n == 0)
-		return;
-	if (signal(n, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN || ourtrap[n]) {
-		ourtrap[n] = 1;
-		signal(n, f);
-	}
-}
-
-static int getn(char *as)
-{
-	char *s;
-	int n, m;
-
-	s = as;
-	m = 1;
-	if (*s == '-') {
-		m = -1;
-		s++;
-	}
-	for (n = 0; isdigit(*s); s++)
-		n = (n * 10) + (*s - '0');
-	if (*s) {
-		prs(as);
-		err(": bad number");
-	}
-	return n * m;
-}
-
-static int dobreak(struct op *t UNUSED_PARAM, char **args)
-{
-	return brkcontin(args[1], 1);
-}
-
-static int docontinue(struct op *t UNUSED_PARAM, char **args)
-{
-	return brkcontin(args[1], 0);
-}
-
-static int brkcontin(char *cp, int val)
-{
-	struct brkcon *bc;
-	int nl;
-
-	nl = cp == NULL ? 1 : getn(cp);
-	if (nl <= 0)
-		nl = 999;
-	do {
-		bc = brklist;
-		if (bc == NULL)
-			break;
-		brklist = bc->nextlev;
-	} while (--nl);
-	if (nl) {
-		err("bad break/continue level");
-		return 1;
-	}
-	isbreak = (val != 0);
-	longjmp(bc->brkpt, 1);
-	/* NOTREACHED */
-}
-
-static int doexit(struct op *t UNUSED_PARAM, char **args)
-{
-	char *cp;
-
-	execflg = 0;
-	cp = args[1];
-	if (cp != NULL)
-		setstatus(getn(cp));
-
-	DBGPRINTF(("DOEXIT: calling leave(), t=%p\n", t));
-
-	leave();
-	/* NOTREACHED */
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int doexport(struct op *t UNUSED_PARAM, char **args)
-{
-	rdexp(args + 1, export, EXPORT);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int doreadonly(struct op *t UNUSED_PARAM, char **args)
-{
-	rdexp(args + 1, ronly, RONLY);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void rdexp(char **wp, void (*f) (struct var *), int key)
-{
-	DBGPRINTF6(("RDEXP: enter, wp=%p, func=%p, key=%d\n", wp, f, key));
-	DBGPRINTF6(("RDEXP: *wp=%s\n", *wp));
-
-	if (*wp != NULL) {
-		for (; *wp != NULL; wp++) {
-			if (isassign(*wp)) {
-				char *cp;
-
-				assign(*wp, COPYV);
-				for (cp = *wp; *cp != '='; cp++)
-					continue;
-				*cp = '\0';
-			}
-			if (checkname(*wp))
-				(*f) (lookup(*wp));
-			else
-				badid(*wp);
-		}
-	} else
-		putvlist(key, 1);
-}
-
-static void badid(char *s)
-{
-	prs(s);
-	err(": bad identifier");
-}
-
-static int doset(struct op *t UNUSED_PARAM, char **args)
-{
-	struct var *vp;
-	char *cp;
-	int n;
-
-	cp = args[1];
-	if (cp == NULL) {
-		for (vp = vlist; vp; vp = vp->next)
-			varput(vp->name, STDOUT_FILENO);
-		return 0;
-	}
-	if (*cp == '-') {
-		args++;
-		if (*++cp == 0)
-			FLAG['x'] = FLAG['v'] = 0;
-		else {
-			for (; *cp; cp++) {
-				switch (*cp) {
-				case 'e':
-					if (!interactive)
-						FLAG['e']++;
-					break;
-
-				default:
-					if (*cp >= 'a' && *cp <= 'z')
-						FLAG[(int) *cp]++;
-					break;
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		setdash();
-	}
-	if (args[1]) {
-		args[0] = dolv[0];
-		for (n = 1; args[n]; n++)
-			setarea((char *) args[n], 0);
-		dolc = n - 1;
-		dolv = args;
-		setval(lookup("#"), putn(dolc));
-		setarea((char *) (dolv - 1), 0);
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void varput(char *s, int out)
-{
-	if (isalnum(*s) || *s == '_') {
-		xwrite_str(out, s);
-		xwrite(out, "\n", 1);
-	}
-}
-
-
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 1999 Herbert Xu <herbert@debian.org>
- * This file contains code for the times builtin.
- */
-static void times_fmt(char *buf, clock_t val, unsigned clk_tck)
-{
-	unsigned min, sec;
-	if (sizeof(val) > sizeof(int))
-		sec = ((unsigned long)val) / clk_tck;
-	else
-		sec = ((unsigned)val) / clk_tck;
-	min = sec / 60;
-#if ENABLE_DESKTOP
-	sprintf(buf, "%um%u.%03us", min, (sec - min * 60),
-	/* msec: */ ((unsigned)(val - (clock_t)sec * clk_tck)) * 1000 / clk_tck
-	);
-#else
-	sprintf(buf, "%um%us", min, (sec - min * 60));
-#endif
-}
-
-static int dotimes(struct op *t UNUSED_PARAM, char **args UNUSED_PARAM)
-{
-	struct tms buf;
-	unsigned clk_tck = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
-	/* How much do we need for "NmN.NNNs" ? */
-	enum { TIMEBUF_SIZE = sizeof(int)*3 + sizeof(int)*3 + 6 };
-	char u[TIMEBUF_SIZE], s[TIMEBUF_SIZE];
-	char cu[TIMEBUF_SIZE], cs[TIMEBUF_SIZE];
-
-	times(&buf);
-
-	times_fmt(u, buf.tms_utime, clk_tck);
-	times_fmt(s, buf.tms_stime, clk_tck);
-	times_fmt(cu, buf.tms_cutime, clk_tck);
-	times_fmt(cs, buf.tms_cstime, clk_tck);
-
-	printf("%s %s\n%s %s\n", u, s, cu, cs);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-
-/* -------- eval.c -------- */
-
-/*
- * ${}
- * `command`
- * blank interpretation
- * quoting
- * glob
- */
-
-static char **eval(char **ap, int f)
-{
-	struct wdblock *wb;
-	char **wp;
-	char **wf;
-	jmp_buf ev;
-
-#if __GNUC__
-	/* Avoid longjmp clobbering */
-	(void) &wp;
-	(void) &ap;
-#endif
-
-	DBGPRINTF4(("EVAL: enter, f=%d\n", f));
-
-	wp = NULL;
-	wb = NULL;
-	wf = NULL;
-	errpt = ev;
-	if (newenv(setjmp(errpt)) == 0) {
-		while (*ap && isassign(*ap))
-			expand(*ap++, &wb, f & ~DOGLOB);
-		if (FLAG['k']) {
-			for (wf = ap; *wf; wf++) {
-				if (isassign(*wf))
-					expand(*wf, &wb, f & ~DOGLOB);
-			}
-		}
-		for (wb = addword((char *) NULL, wb); *ap; ap++) {
-			if (!FLAG['k'] || !isassign(*ap))
-				expand(*ap, &wb, f & ~DOKEY);
-		}
-		wb = addword((char *) 0, wb);
-		wp = getwords(wb);
-		quitenv();
-	} else
-		gflg = 1;
-
-	return gflg ? (char **) NULL : wp;
-}
-
-
-/*
- * Make the exported environment from the exported
- * names in the dictionary. Keyword assignments
- * will already have been done.
- */
-static char **makenv(int all, struct wdblock *wb)
-{
-	struct var *vp;
-
-	DBGPRINTF5(("MAKENV: enter, all=%d\n", all));
-
-	for (vp = vlist; vp; vp = vp->next)
-		if (all || vp->status & EXPORT)
-			wb = addword(vp->name, wb);
-	wb = addword((char *) 0, wb);
-	return getwords(wb);
-}
-
-static int expand(const char *cp, struct wdblock **wbp, int f)
-{
-	jmp_buf ev;
-	char *xp;
-
-#if __GNUC__
-	/* Avoid longjmp clobbering */
-	(void) &cp;
-#endif
-
-	DBGPRINTF3(("EXPAND: enter, f=%d\n", f));
-
-	gflg = 0;
-
-	if (cp == NULL)
-		return 0;
-
-	if (!anys("$`'\"", cp) && !anys(ifs->value, cp)
-	 && ((f & DOGLOB) == 0 || !anys("[*?", cp))
-	) {
-		xp = strsave(cp, areanum);
-		if (f & DOTRIM)
-			unquote(xp);
-		*wbp = addword(xp, *wbp);
-		return 1;
-	}
-	errpt = ev;
-	if (newenv(setjmp(errpt)) == 0) {
-		PUSHIO(aword, cp, strchar);
-		global_env.iobase = global_env.iop;
-		while ((xp = blank(f)) && gflg == 0) {
-			global_env.linep = xp;
-			xp = strsave(xp, areanum);
-			if ((f & DOGLOB) == 0) {
-				if (f & DOTRIM)
-					unquote(xp);
-				*wbp = addword(xp, *wbp);
-			} else
-				*wbp = glob(xp, *wbp);
-		}
-		quitenv();
-	} else
-		gflg = 1;
-	return gflg == 0;
-}
-
-static char *evalstr(char *cp, int f)
-{
-	struct wdblock *wb;
-
-	DBGPRINTF6(("EVALSTR: enter, cp=%p, f=%d\n", cp, f));
-
-	wb = NULL;
-	if (expand(cp, &wb, f)) {
-		if (wb == NULL || wb->w_nword == 0
-		 || (cp = wb->w_words[0]) == NULL
-		) {
-// TODO: I suspect that
-// char *evalstr(char *cp, int f)  is actually
-// const char *evalstr(const char *cp, int f)!
-			cp = (char*)"";
-		}
-		DELETE(wb);
-	} else
-		cp = NULL;
-	return cp;
-}
-
-
-/*
- * Blank interpretation and quoting
- */
-static char *blank(int f)
-{
-	int c, c1;
-	char *sp;
-	int scanequals, foundequals;
-
-	DBGPRINTF3(("BLANK: enter, f=%d\n", f));
-
-	sp = global_env.linep;
-	scanequals = f & DOKEY;
-	foundequals = 0;
-
- loop:
-	c = subgetc('"', foundequals);
-	switch (c) {
-	case 0:
-		if (sp == global_env.linep)
-			return 0;
-		*global_env.linep++ = 0;
-		return sp;
-
-	default:
-		if (f & DOBLANK && any(c, ifs->value))
-			goto loop;
-		break;
-
-	case '"':
-	case '\'':
-		scanequals = 0;
-		if (INSUB())
-			break;
-		for (c1 = c; (c = subgetc(c1, 1)) != c1;) {
-			if (c == 0)
-				break;
-			if (c == '\'' || !any(c, "$`\""))
-				c |= QUOTE;
-			*global_env.linep++ = c;
-		}
-		c = 0;
-	}
-	unget(c);
-	if (!isalpha(c) && c != '_')
-		scanequals = 0;
-	for (;;) {
-		c = subgetc('"', foundequals);
-		if (c == 0
-		 || f & (DOBLANK && any(c, ifs->value))
-		 || (!INSUB() && any(c, "\"'"))
-		) {
-			scanequals = 0;
-			unget(c);
-			if (any(c, "\"'"))
-				goto loop;
-			break;
-		}
-		if (scanequals) {
-			if (c == '=') {
-				foundequals = 1;
-				scanequals = 0;
-			} else if (!isalnum(c) && c != '_')
-				scanequals = 0;
-		}
-		*global_env.linep++ = c;
-	}
-	*global_env.linep++ = 0;
-	return sp;
-}
-
-/*
- * Get characters, substituting for ` and $
- */
-static int subgetc(char ec, int quoted)
-{
-	char c;
-
-	DBGPRINTF3(("SUBGETC: enter, quoted=%d\n", quoted));
-
- again:
-	c = my_getc(ec);
-	if (!INSUB() && ec != '\'') {
-		if (c == '`') {
-			if (grave(quoted) == 0)
-				return 0;
-			global_env.iop->task = XGRAVE;
-			goto again;
-		}
-		if (c == '$') {
-			c = dollar(quoted);
-			if (c == 0) {
-				global_env.iop->task = XDOLL;
-				goto again;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return c;
-}
-
-/*
- * Prepare to generate the string returned by ${} substitution.
- */
-static int dollar(int quoted)
-{
-	int otask;
-	struct io *oiop;
-	char *dolp;
-	char *s, c, *cp = NULL;
-	struct var *vp;
-
-	DBGPRINTF3(("DOLLAR: enter, quoted=%d\n", quoted));
-
-	c = readc();
-	s = global_env.linep;
-	if (c != '{') {
-		*global_env.linep++ = c;
-		if (isalpha(c) || c == '_') {
-			while ((c = readc()) != 0 && (isalnum(c) || c == '_'))
-				if (global_env.linep < elinep)
-					*global_env.linep++ = c;
-			unget(c);
-		}
-		c = 0;
-	} else {
-		oiop = global_env.iop;
-		otask = global_env.iop->task;
-
-		global_env.iop->task = XOTHER;
-		while ((c = subgetc('"', 0)) != 0 && c != '}' && c != '\n')
-			if (global_env.linep < elinep)
-				*global_env.linep++ = c;
-		if (oiop == global_env.iop)
-			global_env.iop->task = otask;
-		if (c != '}') {
-			err("unclosed ${");
-			gflg = 1;
-			return c;
-		}
-	}
-	if (global_env.linep >= elinep) {
-		err("string in ${} too long");
-		gflg = 1;
-		global_env.linep -= 10;
-	}
-	*global_env.linep = 0;
-	if (*s)
-		for (cp = s + 1; *cp; cp++)
-			if (any(*cp, "=-+?")) {
-				c = *cp;
-				*cp++ = 0;
-				break;
-			}
-	if (s[1] == 0 && (*s == '*' || *s == '@')) {
-		if (dolc > 1) {
-			/* currently this does not distinguish $* and $@ */
-			/* should check dollar */
-			global_env.linep = s;
-			PUSHIO(awordlist, dolv + 1, dolchar);
-			return 0;
-		} else {				/* trap the nasty ${=} */
-			s[0] = '1';
-			s[1] = '\0';
-		}
-	}
-	vp = lookup(s);
-	dolp = vp->value;
-	if (dolp == null) {
-		switch (c) {
-		case '=':
-			if (isdigit(*s)) {
-				err("can't use ${...=...} with $n");
-				gflg = 1;
-				break;
-			}
-			setval(vp, cp);
-			dolp = vp->value;
-			break;
-
-		case '-':
-			dolp = strsave(cp, areanum);
-			break;
-
-		case '?':
-			if (*cp == 0) {
-				prs("missing value for ");
-				err(s);
-			} else
-				err(cp);
-			gflg = 1;
-			break;
-		}
-	} else if (c == '+')
-		dolp = strsave(cp, areanum);
-	if (FLAG['u'] && dolp == null) {
-		prs("unset variable: ");
-		err(s);
-		gflg = 1;
-	}
-	global_env.linep = s;
-	PUSHIO(aword, dolp, quoted ? qstrchar : strchar);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Run the command in `...` and read its output.
- */
-
-static int grave(int quoted)
-{
-	/* moved to G: static char child_cmd[LINELIM]; */
-
-	const char *cp;
-	int i;
-	int j;
-	int pf[2];
-	const char *src;
-	char *dest;
-	int count;
-	int ignore;
-	int ignore_once;
-	char *argument_list[4];
-	struct wdblock *wb = NULL;
-
-#if __GNUC__
-	/* Avoid longjmp clobbering */
-	(void) &cp;
-#endif
-
-	for (cp = global_env.iop->argp->aword; *cp != '`'; cp++) {
-		if (*cp == 0) {
-			err("no closing `");
-			return 0;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* string copy with dollar expansion */
-	src = global_env.iop->argp->aword;
-	dest = child_cmd;
-	count = 0;
-	ignore = 0;
-	ignore_once = 0;
-	while ((*src != '`') && (count < LINELIM)) {
-		if (*src == '\'')
-			ignore = !ignore;
-		if (*src == '\\')
-			ignore_once = 1;
-		if (*src == '$' && !ignore && !ignore_once) {
-			struct var *vp;
-			/* moved to G to reduce stack usage
-			char var_name[LINELIM];
-			char alt_value[LINELIM];
-			*/
-#define var_name (G.grave__var_name)
-#define alt_value (G.grave__alt_value)
-			int var_index = 0;
-			int alt_index = 0;
-			char operator = 0;
-			int braces = 0;
-			char *value;
-
-			src++;
-			if (*src == '{') {
-				braces = 1;
-				src++;
-			}
-
-			var_name[var_index++] = *src++;
-			while (isalnum(*src) || *src=='_')
-				var_name[var_index++] = *src++;
-			var_name[var_index] = 0;
-
-			if (braces) {
-				switch (*src) {
-				case '}':
-					break;
-				case '-':
-				case '=':
-				case '+':
-				case '?':
-					operator = * src;
-					break;
-				default:
-					err("unclosed ${\n");
-					return 0;
-				}
-				if (operator) {
-					src++;
-					while (*src && (*src != '}')) {
-						alt_value[alt_index++] = *src++;
-					}
-					alt_value[alt_index] = 0;
-					if (*src != '}') {
-						err("unclosed ${\n");
-						return 0;
-					}
-				}
-				src++;
-			}
-
-			if (isalpha(*var_name)) {
-				/* let subshell handle it instead */
-
-				char *namep = var_name;
-
-				*dest++ = '$';
-				if (braces)
-					*dest++ = '{';
-				while (*namep)
-					*dest++ = *namep++;
-				if (operator) {
-					char *altp = alt_value;
-					*dest++ = operator;
-					while (*altp)
-						*dest++ = *altp++;
-				}
-				if (braces)
-					*dest++ = '}';
-
-				wb = addword(lookup(var_name)->name, wb);
-			} else {
-				/* expand */
-
-				vp = lookup(var_name);
-				if (vp->value != null)
-					value = (operator == '+') ?
-						alt_value : vp->value;
-				else if (operator == '?') {
-					err(alt_value);
-					return 0;
-				} else if (alt_index && (operator != '+')) {
-					value = alt_value;
-					if (operator == '=')
-						setval(vp, value);
-				} else
-					continue;
-
-				while (*value && (count < LINELIM)) {
-					*dest++ = *value++;
-					count++;
-				}
-			}
-#undef var_name
-#undef alt_value
-		} else {
-			*dest++ = *src++;
-			count++;
-			ignore_once = 0;
-		}
-	}
-	*dest = '\0';
-
-	if (openpipe(pf) < 0)
-		return 0;
-
-	while ((i = vfork()) == -1 && errno == EAGAIN)
-		continue;
-
-	DBGPRINTF3(("GRAVE: i is %p\n", io));
-
-	if (i < 0) {
-		closepipe(pf);
-		err((char *) bb_msg_memory_exhausted);
-		return 0;
-	}
-	if (i != 0) {
-		waitpid(i, NULL, 0); // safe_waitpid?
-		global_env.iop->argp->aword = ++cp;
-		close(pf[1]);
-		PUSHIO(afile, remap(pf[0]),
-			(int (*)(struct ioarg *)) ((quoted) ? qgravechar : gravechar));
-		return 1;
-	}
-	/* allow trapped signals */
-	/* XXX - Maybe this signal stuff should go as well? */
-	for (j = 0; j <= _NSIG; j++)
-		if (ourtrap[j] && signal(j, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
-			signal(j, SIG_DFL);
-
-	/* Testcase where below checks are needed:
-	 * close stdout & run this script:
-	 *  files=`ls`
-	 *  echo "$files" >zz
-	 */
-	xmove_fd(pf[1], 1);
-	if (pf[0] != 1)
-		close(pf[0]);
-
-	argument_list[0] = (char *) DEFAULT_SHELL;
-	argument_list[1] = (char *) "-c";
-	argument_list[2] = child_cmd;
-	argument_list[3] = NULL;
-
-	cp = rexecve(argument_list[0], argument_list, makenv(1, wb));
-	prs(argument_list[0]);
-	prs(": ");
-	err(cp);
-	_exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-}
-
-
-static char *unquote(char *as)
-{
-	char *s;
-
-	s = as;
-	if (s != NULL)
-		while (*s)
-			*s++ &= ~QUOTE;
-	return as;
-}
-
-/* -------- glob.c -------- */
-
-/*
- * glob
- */
-
-#define	scopy(x) strsave((x), areanum)
-#define	BLKSIZ	512
-#define	NDENT	((BLKSIZ+sizeof(struct dirent)-1)/sizeof(struct dirent))
-
-static struct wdblock *cl, *nl;
-static const char spcl[] ALIGN1= "[?*";
-
-static struct wdblock *glob(char *cp, struct wdblock *wb)
-{
-	int i;
-	char *pp;
-
-	if (cp == 0)
-		return wb;
-	i = 0;
-	for (pp = cp; *pp; pp++)
-		if (any(*pp, spcl))
-			i++;
-		else if (!any(*pp & ~QUOTE, spcl))
-			*pp &= ~QUOTE;
-	if (i != 0) {
-		for (cl = addword(scopy(cp), NULL); anyspcl(cl); cl = nl) {
-			nl = newword(cl->w_nword * 2);
-			for (i = 0; i < cl->w_nword; i++) {	/* for each argument */
-				for (pp = cl->w_words[i]; *pp; pp++)
-					if (any(*pp, spcl)) {
-						globname(cl->w_words[i], pp);
-						break;
-					}
-				if (*pp == '\0')
-					nl = addword(scopy(cl->w_words[i]), nl);
-			}
-			for (i = 0; i < cl->w_nword; i++)
-				DELETE(cl->w_words[i]);
-			DELETE(cl);
-		}
-		if (cl->w_nword) {
-			for (i = 0; i < cl->w_nword; i++)
-				unquote(cl->w_words[i]);
-			qsort_string_vector(cl->w_words, cl->w_nword);
-			for (i = 0; i < cl->w_nword; i++)
-				wb = addword(cl->w_words[i], wb);
-			DELETE(cl);
-			return wb;
-		}
-	}
-	wb = addword(unquote(cp), wb);
-	return wb;
-}
-
-static void globname(char *we, char *pp)
-{
-	char *np, *cp;
-	char *name, *gp, *dp;
-	int k;
-	DIR *dirp;
-	struct dirent *de;
-	char dname[NAME_MAX + 1];
-	struct stat dbuf;
-
-	for (np = we; np != pp; pp--)
-		if (pp[-1] == '/')
-			break;
-	dp = cp = get_space((int) (pp - np) + 3);
-	while (np < pp)
-		*cp++ = *np++;
-	*cp++ = '.';
-	*cp = '\0';
-	gp = cp = get_space(strlen(pp) + 1);
-	while (*np && *np != '/')
-		*cp++ = *np++;
-	*cp = '\0';
-	dirp = opendir(dp);
-	if (dirp == 0) {
-		DELETE(dp);
-		DELETE(gp);
-		return;
-	}
-	dname[NAME_MAX] = '\0';
-	while ((de = readdir(dirp)) != NULL) {
-		/* XXX Hmmm... What this could be? (abial) */
-		/* if (ent[j].d_ino == 0) continue;
-		 */
-		strncpy(dname, de->d_name, NAME_MAX);
-		if (dname[0] == '.')
-			if (*gp != '.')
-				continue;
-		for (k = 0; k < NAME_MAX; k++)
-			if (any(dname[k], spcl))
-				dname[k] |= QUOTE;
-		if (gmatch(dname, gp)) {
-			name = generate(we, pp, dname, np);
-			if (*np && !anys(np, spcl)) {
-				if (stat(name, &dbuf)) {
-					DELETE(name);
-					continue;
-				}
-			}
-			nl = addword(name, nl);
-		}
-	}
-	closedir(dirp);
-	DELETE(dp);
-	DELETE(gp);
-}
-
-/*
- * generate a pathname as below.
- * start..end1 / middle end
- * the slashes come for free
- */
-static char *generate(char *start1, char *end1, char *middle, char *end)
-{
-	char *p;
-	char *op, *xp;
-
-	p = op = get_space((int)(end1 - start1) + strlen(middle) + strlen(end) + 2);
-	xp = start1;
-	while (xp != end1)
-		*op++ = *xp++;
-	xp = middle;
-	while (*xp != '\0')
-		*op++ = *xp++;
-	strcpy(op, end);
-	return p;
-}
-
-static int anyspcl(struct wdblock *wb)
-{
-	int i;
-	char **wd;
-
-	wd = wb->w_words;
-	for (i = 0; i < wb->w_nword; i++)
-		if (anys(spcl, *wd++))
-			return 1;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-
-/* -------- word.c -------- */
-
-static struct wdblock *newword(int nw)
-{
-	struct wdblock *wb;
-
-	wb = get_space(sizeof(*wb) + nw * sizeof(char *));
-	wb->w_bsize = nw;
-	wb->w_nword = 0;
-	return wb;
-}
-
-static struct wdblock *addword(char *wd, struct wdblock *wb)
-{
-	struct wdblock *wb2;
-	int nw;
-
-	if (wb == NULL)
-		wb = newword(NSTART);
-	nw = wb->w_nword;
-	if (nw >= wb->w_bsize) {
-		wb2 = newword(nw * 2);
-		memcpy((char *) wb2->w_words, (char *) wb->w_words,
-			   nw * sizeof(char *));
-		wb2->w_nword = nw;
-		DELETE(wb);
-		wb = wb2;
-	}
-	wb->w_words[wb->w_nword++] = wd;
-	return wb;
-}
-
-static char **getwords(struct wdblock *wb)
-{
-	char **wd;
-	int nb;
-
-	if (wb == NULL)
-		return NULL;
-	if (wb->w_nword == 0) {
-		DELETE(wb);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	nb = sizeof(*wd) * wb->w_nword;
-	wd = get_space(nb);
-	memcpy(wd, wb->w_words, nb);
-	DELETE(wb);			/* perhaps should done by caller */
-	return wd;
-}
-
-
-/* -------- io.c -------- */
-
-/*
- * shell IO
- */
-
-static int my_getc(int ec)
-{
-	int c;
-
-	if (global_env.linep > elinep) {
-		while ((c = readc()) != '\n' && c)
-			continue;
-		err("input line too long");
-		gflg = 1;
-		return c;
-	}
-	c = readc();
-	if ((ec != '\'') && (ec != '`') && (global_env.iop->task != XGRAVE)) {
-		if (c == '\\') {
-			c = readc();
-			if (c == '\n' && ec != '\"')
-				return my_getc(ec);
-			c |= QUOTE;
-		}
-	}
-	return c;
-}
-
-static void unget(int c)
-{
-	if (global_env.iop >= global_env.iobase)
-		global_env.iop->peekc = c;
-}
-
-static int eofc(void)
-{
-	return global_env.iop < global_env.iobase || (global_env.iop->peekc == 0 && global_env.iop->prev == 0);
-}
-
-static int readc(void)
-{
-	int c;
-
-	RCPRINTF(("READC: global_env.iop %p, global_env.iobase %p\n", global_env.iop, global_env.iobase));
-
-	for (; global_env.iop >= global_env.iobase; global_env.iop--) {
-		RCPRINTF(("READC: global_env.iop %p, peekc 0x%x\n", global_env.iop, global_env.iop->peekc));
-		c = global_env.iop->peekc;
-		if (c != '\0') {
-			global_env.iop->peekc = 0;
-			return c;
-		}
-		if (global_env.iop->prev != 0) {
-			c = (*global_env.iop->iofn)(global_env.iop->argp, global_env.iop);
-			if (c != '\0') {
-				if (c == -1) {
-					global_env.iop++;
-					continue;
-				}
-				if (global_env.iop == iostack)
-					ioecho(c);
-				global_env.iop->prev = c;
-				return c;
-			}
-			if (global_env.iop->task == XIO && global_env.iop->prev != '\n') {
-				global_env.iop->prev = 0;
-				if (global_env.iop == iostack)
-					ioecho('\n');
-				return '\n';
-			}
-		}
-		if (global_env.iop->task == XIO) {
-			if (multiline) {
-				global_env.iop->prev = 0;
-				return 0;
-			}
-			if (interactive && global_env.iop == iostack + 1) {
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING
-				current_prompt = prompt->value;
-#else
-				prs(prompt->value);
-#endif
-			}
-		}
-	}							/* FOR */
-
-	if (global_env.iop >= iostack) {
-		RCPRINTF(("READC: return 0, global_env.iop %p\n", global_env.iop));
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	DBGPRINTF(("READC: leave()...\n"));
-	leave();
-	/* NOTREACHED */
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void ioecho(char c)
-{
-	if (FLAG['v'])
-		write(STDERR_FILENO, &c, sizeof c);
-}
-
-static void pushio(struct ioarg *argp, int (*fn) (struct ioarg *))
-{
-	DBGPRINTF(("PUSHIO: argp %p, argp->afid 0x%x, global_env.iop %p\n", argp,
-			   argp->afid, global_env.iop));
-
-	/* Set env ptr for io source to next array spot and check for array overflow */
-	if (++global_env.iop >= &iostack[NPUSH]) {
-		global_env.iop--;
-		err("Shell input nested too deeply");
-		gflg = 1;
-		return;
-	}
-
-	/* We did not overflow the NPUSH array spots so setup data structs */
-
-	global_env.iop->iofn = (int (*)(struct ioarg *, struct io *)) fn;	/* Store data source func ptr */
-
-	if (argp->afid != AFID_NOBUF)
-		global_env.iop->argp = argp;
-	else {
-
-		global_env.iop->argp = ioargstack + (global_env.iop - iostack);	/* MAL - index into stack */
-		*global_env.iop->argp = *argp;	/* copy data from temp area into stack spot */
-
-		/* MAL - mainbuf is for 1st data source (command line?) and all nested use a single shared buffer? */
-
-		if (global_env.iop == &iostack[0])
-			global_env.iop->argp->afbuf = &mainbuf;
-		else
-			global_env.iop->argp->afbuf = &sharedbuf;
-
-		/* MAL - if not a termimal AND (commandline OR readable file) then give it a buffer id? */
-		/* This line appears to be active when running scripts from command line */
-		if ((isatty(global_env.iop->argp->afile) == 0)
-			&& (global_env.iop == &iostack[0]
-				|| lseek(global_env.iop->argp->afile, 0L, SEEK_CUR) != -1)) {
-			if (++bufid == AFID_NOBUF)	/* counter rollover check, AFID_NOBUF = 11111111  */
-				bufid = AFID_ID;	/* AFID_ID = 0 */
-
-			global_env.iop->argp->afid = bufid;	/* assign buffer id */
-		}
-
-		DBGPRINTF(("PUSHIO: iostack %p,  global_env.iop %p, afbuf %p\n",
-				   iostack, global_env.iop, global_env.iop->argp->afbuf));
-		DBGPRINTF(("PUSHIO: mbuf %p, sbuf %p, bid %d, global_env.iop %p\n",
-				   &mainbuf, &sharedbuf, bufid, global_env.iop));
-
-	}
-
-	global_env.iop->prev = ~'\n';
-	global_env.iop->peekc = 0;
-	global_env.iop->xchar = 0;
-	global_env.iop->nlcount = 0;
-
-	if (fn == filechar || fn == linechar)
-		global_env.iop->task = XIO;
-	else if (fn == (int (*)(struct ioarg *)) gravechar
-	      || fn == (int (*)(struct ioarg *)) qgravechar)
-		global_env.iop->task = XGRAVE;
-	else
-		global_env.iop->task = XOTHER;
-}
-
-static struct io *setbase(struct io *ip)
-{
-	struct io *xp;
-
-	xp = global_env.iobase;
-	global_env.iobase = ip;
-	return xp;
-}
-
-/*
- * Input generating functions
- */
-
-/*
- * Produce the characters of a string, then a newline, then NUL.
- */
-static int nlchar(struct ioarg *ap)
-{
-	char c;
-
-	if (ap->aword == NULL)
-		return '\0';
-	c = *ap->aword++;
-	if (c == '\0') {
-		ap->aword = NULL;
-		return '\n';
-	}
-	return c;
-}
-
-/*
- * Given a list of words, produce the characters
- * in them, with a space after each word.
- */
-static int wdchar(struct ioarg *ap)
-{
-	char c;
-	char **wl;
-
-	wl = ap->awordlist;
-	if (wl == NULL)
-		return 0;
-	if (*wl != NULL) {
-		c = *(*wl)++;
-		if (c != 0)
-			return c & 0177;
-		ap->awordlist++;
-		return ' ';
-	}
-	ap->awordlist = NULL;
-	return '\n';
-}
-
-/*
- * Return the characters of a list of words,
- * producing a space between them.
- */
-static int dolchar(struct ioarg *ap)
-{
-	char *wp;
-
-	wp = *ap->awordlist++;
-	if (wp != NULL) {
-		PUSHIO(aword, wp, *ap->awordlist == NULL ? strchar : xxchar);
-		return -1;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int xxchar(struct ioarg *ap)
-{
-	int c;
-
-	if (ap->aword == NULL)
-		return 0;
-	c = *ap->aword++;
-	if (c == '\0') {
-		ap->aword = NULL;
-		return ' ';
-	}
-	return c;
-}
-
-/*
- * Produce the characters from a single word (string).
- */
-static int strchar(struct ioarg *ap)
-{
-	if (ap->aword == NULL)
-		return 0;
-	return *ap->aword++;
-}
-
-/*
- * Produce quoted characters from a single word (string).
- */
-static int qstrchar(struct ioarg *ap)
-{
-	int c;
-
-	if (ap->aword == NULL)
-		return 0;
-	c = *ap->aword++;
-	if (c)
-		c |= QUOTE;
-	return c;
-}
-
-/*
- * Return the characters from a file.
- */
-static int filechar(struct ioarg *ap)
-{
-	int i;
-	char c;
-	struct iobuf *bp = ap->afbuf;
-
-	if (ap->afid != AFID_NOBUF) {
-		i = (ap->afid != bp->id);
-		if (i || bp->bufp == bp->ebufp) {
-			if (i)
-				lseek(ap->afile, ap->afpos, SEEK_SET);
-
-			i = nonblock_safe_read(ap->afile, bp->buf, sizeof(bp->buf));
-			if (i <= 0) {
-				closef(ap->afile);
-				return 0;
-			}
-
-			bp->id = ap->afid;
-			bp->bufp = bp->buf;
-			bp->ebufp = bp->bufp + i;
-		}
-
-		ap->afpos++;
-		return *bp->bufp++ & 0177;
-	}
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING
-	if (interactive && isatty(ap->afile)) {
-		/* moved to G: static char filechar_cmdbuf[BUFSIZ]; */
-		static int position = 0, size = 0;
-
-		while (size == 0 || position >= size) {
-			size = read_line_input(current_prompt, filechar_cmdbuf, BUFSIZ, line_input_state);
-			if (size < 0) /* Error/EOF */
-				exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
-			position = 0;
-			/* if Ctrl-C, size == 0 and loop will repeat */
-		}
-		c = filechar_cmdbuf[position];
-		position++;
-		return c;
-	}
-#endif
-	i = nonblock_safe_read(ap->afile, &c, sizeof(c));
-	return i == sizeof(c) ? (c & 0x7f) : (closef(ap->afile), 0);
-}
-
-/*
- * Return the characters from a here temp file.
- */
-static int herechar(struct ioarg *ap)
-{
-	char c;
-
-	if (nonblock_safe_read(ap->afile, &c, sizeof(c)) != sizeof(c)) {
-		close(ap->afile);
-		c = '\0';
-	}
-	return c;
-}
-
-/*
- * Return the characters produced by a process (`...`).
- * Quote them if required, and remove any trailing newline characters.
- */
-static int gravechar(struct ioarg *ap, struct io *iop)
-{
-	int c;
-
-	c = qgravechar(ap, iop) & ~QUOTE;
-	if (c == '\n')
-		c = ' ';
-	return c;
-}
-
-static int qgravechar(struct ioarg *ap, struct io *iop)
-{
-	int c;
-
-	DBGPRINTF3(("QGRAVECHAR: enter, ap=%p, iop=%p\n", ap, iop));
-
-	if (iop->xchar) {
-		if (iop->nlcount) {
-			iop->nlcount--;
-			return '\n' | QUOTE;
-		}
-		c = iop->xchar;
-		iop->xchar = 0;
-	} else if ((c = filechar(ap)) == '\n') {
-		iop->nlcount = 1;
-		while ((c = filechar(ap)) == '\n')
-			iop->nlcount++;
-		iop->xchar = c;
-		if (c == 0)
-			return c;
-		iop->nlcount--;
-		c = '\n';
-	}
-	return c != 0 ? c | QUOTE : 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Return a single command (usually the first line) from a file.
- */
-static int linechar(struct ioarg *ap)
-{
-	int c;
-
-	c = filechar(ap);
-	if (c == '\n') {
-		if (!multiline) {
-			closef(ap->afile);
-			ap->afile = -1;		/* illegal value */
-		}
-	}
-	return c;
-}
-
-/*
- * Remap fd into shell's fd space
- */
-static int remap(int fd)
-{
-	int i;
-	int map[NOFILE];
-	int newfd;
-
-	DBGPRINTF(("REMAP: fd=%d, global_env.iofd=%d\n", fd, global_env.iofd));
-
-	if (fd < global_env.iofd) {
-		for (i = 0; i < NOFILE; i++)
-			map[i] = 0;
-
-		do {
-			map[fd] = 1;
-			newfd = dup(fd);
-			fd = newfd;
-		} while (fd >= 0 && fd < global_env.iofd);
-
-		for (i = 0; i < NOFILE; i++)
-			if (map[i])
-				close(i);
-
-		if (fd < 0)
-			err("too many files open in shell");
-	}
-
-	return fd;
-}
-
-static int openpipe(int *pv)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	i = pipe(pv);
-	if (i < 0)
-		err("can't create pipe - try again");
-	return i;
-}
-
-static void closepipe(int *pv)
-{
-	if (pv != NULL) {
-		close(pv[0]);
-		close(pv[1]);
-	}
-}
-
-
-/* -------- here.c -------- */
-
-/*
- * here documents
- */
-
-static void markhere(char *s, struct ioword *iop)
-{
-	struct here *h, *lh;
-
-	DBGPRINTF7(("MARKHERE: enter, s=%p\n", s));
-
-	h = get_space(sizeof(struct here));
-	if (h == NULL)
-		return;
-
-	h->h_tag = evalstr(s, DOSUB);
-	if (h->h_tag == 0)
-		return;
-
-	h->h_iop = iop;
-	iop->io_name = 0;
-	h->h_next = NULL;
-	if (inhere == 0)
-		inhere = h;
-	else {
-		for (lh = inhere; lh != NULL; lh = lh->h_next) {
-			if (lh->h_next == 0) {
-				lh->h_next = h;
-				break;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	iop->io_flag |= IOHERE | IOXHERE;
-	for (s = h->h_tag; *s; s++) {
-		if (*s & QUOTE) {
-			iop->io_flag &= ~IOXHERE;
-			*s &= ~QUOTE;
-		}
-	}
-	h->h_dosub = ((iop->io_flag & IOXHERE) ? '\0' : '\'');
-}
-
-static void gethere(void)
-{
-	struct here *h, *hp;
-
-	DBGPRINTF7(("GETHERE: enter...\n"));
-
-	/* Scan here files first leaving inhere list in place */
-	for (hp = h = inhere; h != NULL; hp = h, h = h->h_next)
-		readhere(&h->h_iop->io_name, h->h_tag, h->h_dosub /* NUL or ' */);
-
-	/* Make inhere list active - keep list intact for scraphere */
-	if (hp != NULL) {
-		hp->h_next = acthere;
-		acthere = inhere;
-		inhere = NULL;
-	}
-}
-
-static void readhere(char **name, char *s, int ec)
-{
-	int tf;
-	char tname[30] = ".msh_XXXXXX";
-	int c;
-	jmp_buf ev;
-	char myline[LINELIM + 1];
-	char *thenext;
-
-	DBGPRINTF7(("READHERE: enter, name=%p, s=%p\n", name, s));
-
-	tf = mkstemp(tname);
-	if (tf < 0)
-		return;
-
-	*name = strsave(tname, areanum);
-	errpt = ev;
-	if (newenv(setjmp(errpt)) != 0)
-		unlink(tname);
-	else {
-		pushio(global_env.iop->argp, (int (*)(struct ioarg *)) global_env.iop->iofn);
-		global_env.iobase = global_env.iop;
-		for (;;) {
-			if (interactive && global_env.iop <= iostack) {
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING
-				current_prompt = cprompt->value;
-#else
-				prs(cprompt->value);
-#endif
-			}
-			thenext = myline;
-			while ((c = my_getc(ec)) != '\n' && c) {
-				if (ec == '\'')
-					c &= ~QUOTE;
-				if (thenext >= &myline[LINELIM]) {
-					c = 0;
-					break;
-				}
-				*thenext++ = c;
-			}
-			*thenext = 0;
-			if (strcmp(s, myline) == 0 || c == 0)
-				break;
-			*thenext++ = '\n';
-			write(tf, myline, (int) (thenext - myline));
-		}
-		if (c == 0) {
-			prs("here document `");
-			prs(s);
-			err("' unclosed");
-		}
-		quitenv();
-	}
-	close(tf);
-}
-
-/*
- * open here temp file.
- * if unquoted here, expand here temp file into second temp file.
- */
-static int herein(char *hname, int xdoll)
-{
-	int hf;
-	int tf;
-
-#if __GNUC__
-	/* Avoid longjmp clobbering */
-	(void) &tf;
-#endif
-	if (hname == NULL)
-		return -1;
-
-	DBGPRINTF7(("HEREIN: hname is %s, xdoll=%d\n", hname, xdoll));
-
-	hf = open(hname, O_RDONLY);
-	if (hf < 0)
-		return -1;
-
-	if (xdoll) {
-		char c;
-		char tname[30] = ".msh_XXXXXX";
-		jmp_buf ev;
-
-		tf = mkstemp(tname);
-		if (tf < 0)
-			return -1;
-		errpt = ev;
-		if (newenv(setjmp(errpt)) == 0) {
-			PUSHIO(afile, hf, herechar);
-			setbase(global_env.iop);
-			while ((c = subgetc(0, 0)) != 0) {
-				c &= ~QUOTE;
-				write(tf, &c, sizeof c);
-			}
-			quitenv();
-		} else
-			unlink(tname);
-		close(tf);
-		tf = open(tname, O_RDONLY);
-		unlink(tname);
-		return tf;
-	}
-	return hf;
-}
-
-static void scraphere(void)
-{
-	struct here *h;
-
-	DBGPRINTF7(("SCRAPHERE: enter...\n"));
-
-	for (h = inhere; h != NULL; h = h->h_next) {
-		if (h->h_iop && h->h_iop->io_name)
-			unlink(h->h_iop->io_name);
-	}
-	inhere = NULL;
-}
-
-/* unlink here temp files before a freearea(area) */
-static void freehere(int area)
-{
-	struct here *h, *hl;
-
-	DBGPRINTF6(("FREEHERE: enter, area=%d\n", area));
-
-	hl = NULL;
-	for (h = acthere; h != NULL; h = h->h_next) {
-		if (getarea((char *) h) >= area) {
-			if (h->h_iop->io_name != NULL)
-				unlink(h->h_iop->io_name);
-			if (hl == NULL)
-				acthere = h->h_next;
-			else
-				hl->h_next = h->h_next;
-		} else {
-			hl = h;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-
-/* -------- sh.c -------- */
-/*
- * shell
- */
-
-int msh_main(int argc, char **argv) MAIN_EXTERNALLY_VISIBLE;
-int msh_main(int argc, char **argv)
-{
-	int f;
-	char *s;
-	int cflag;
-	char *name, **ap;
-	int (*iof) (struct ioarg *);
-
-	INIT_G();
-
-	sharedbuf.id = AFID_NOBUF;
-	mainbuf.id = AFID_NOBUF;
-	elinep = line + sizeof(line) - 5;
-
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING
-	line_input_state = new_line_input_t(FOR_SHELL);
-#endif
-
-	DBGPRINTF(("MSH_MAIN: argc %d, environ %p\n", argc, environ));
-
-	initarea();
-	ap = environ;
-	if (ap != NULL) {
-		while (*ap)
-			assign(*ap++, !COPYV);
-		for (ap = environ; *ap;)
-			export(lookup(*ap++));
-	}
-	closeall();
-	areanum = 1;
-
-	shell = lookup("SHELL");
-	if (shell->value == null)
-		setval(shell, (char *)DEFAULT_SHELL);
-	export(shell);
-
-	homedir = lookup("HOME");
-	if (homedir->value == null)
-		setval(homedir, "/");
-	export(homedir);
-
-	setval(lookup("$"), putn(getpid()));
-
-	path = lookup("PATH");
-	if (path->value == null) {
-		/* Can be merged with same string elsewhere in bbox */
-		if (geteuid() == 0)
-			setval(path, bb_default_root_path);
-		else
-			setval(path, bb_default_path);
-	}
-	export(path);
-
-	ifs = lookup("IFS");
-	if (ifs->value == null)
-		setval(ifs, " \t\n");
-
-#ifdef MSHDEBUG
-	mshdbg_var = lookup("MSHDEBUG");
-	if (mshdbg_var->value == null)
-		setval(mshdbg_var, "0");
-#endif
-
-	prompt = lookup("PS1");
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING_FANCY_PROMPT
-	if (prompt->value == null)
-#endif
-		setval(prompt, DEFAULT_USER_PROMPT);
-	if (geteuid() == 0) {
-		setval(prompt, DEFAULT_ROOT_PROMPT);
-		prompt->status &= ~EXPORT;
-	}
-	cprompt = lookup("PS2");
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING_FANCY_PROMPT
-	if (cprompt->value == null)
-#endif
-		setval(cprompt, "> ");
-
-	iof = filechar;
-	cflag = 0;
-	name = *argv++;
-	if (--argc >= 1) {
-		if (argv[0][0] == '-' && argv[0][1] != '\0') {
-			for (s = argv[0] + 1; *s; s++)
-				switch (*s) {
-				case 'c':
-					prompt->status &= ~EXPORT;
-					cprompt->status &= ~EXPORT;
-					setval(prompt, "");
-					setval(cprompt, "");
-					cflag = 1;
-					if (--argc > 0)
-						PUSHIO(aword, *++argv, iof = nlchar);
-					break;
-
-				case 'q':
-					qflag = SIG_DFL;
-					break;
-
-				case 's':
-					/* standard input */
-					break;
-
-				case 't':
-					prompt->status &= ~EXPORT;
-					setval(prompt, "");
-					iof = linechar;
-					break;
-
-				case 'i':
-					interactive = 1;
-				default:
-					if (*s >= 'a' && *s <= 'z')
-						FLAG[(int) *s]++;
-				}
-		} else {
-			argv--;
-			argc++;
-		}
-
-		if (iof == filechar && --argc > 0) {
-			setval(prompt, "");
-			setval(cprompt, "");
-			prompt->status &= ~EXPORT;
-			cprompt->status &= ~EXPORT;
-
-/* Shell is non-interactive, activate printf-based debug */
-#ifdef MSHDEBUG
-			mshdbg = mshdbg_var->value[0] - '0';
-			if (mshdbg < 0)
-				mshdbg = 0;
-#endif
-			DBGPRINTF(("MSH_MAIN: calling newfile()\n"));
-
-			name = *++argv;
-			if (newfile(name))
-				exit(EXIT_FAILURE);  /* Exit on error */
-		}
-	}
-
-	setdash();
-
-	/* This won't be true if PUSHIO has been called, say from newfile() above */
-	if (global_env.iop < iostack) {
-		PUSHIO(afile, 0, iof);
-		if (isatty(0) && isatty(1) && !cflag) {
-			interactive = 1;
-#if !ENABLE_FEATURE_SH_EXTRA_QUIET
-#ifdef MSHDEBUG
-			printf("\n\n%s built-in shell (msh with debug)\n", bb_banner);
-#else
-			printf("\n\n%s built-in shell (msh)\n", bb_banner);
-#endif
-			printf("Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands.\n\n");
-#endif
-		}
-	}
-
-	signal(SIGQUIT, qflag);
-	if (name && name[0] == '-') {
-		interactive = 1;
-		f = open(".profile", O_RDONLY);
-		if (f >= 0)
-			next(remap(f));
-		f = open("/etc/profile", O_RDONLY);
-		if (f >= 0)
-			next(remap(f));
-	}
-	if (interactive)
-		signal(SIGTERM, sig);
-
-	if (signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
-		signal(SIGINT, onintr);
-
-/* Handle "msh SCRIPT VAR=val params..." */
-/* Disabled: bash does not do it! */
-#if 0
-	argv++;
-	/* skip leading args of the form VAR=val */
-	while (*argv && assign(*argv, !COPYV)) {
-		argc--;
-		argv++;
-	}
-	argv--;
-#endif
-	dolv = argv;
-	dolc = argc;
-	dolv[0] = name;
-
-	setval(lookup("#"), putn((--dolc < 0) ? (dolc = 0) : dolc));
-
-	DBGPRINTF(("MSH_MAIN: begin FOR loop, interactive %d, global_env.iop %p, iostack %p\n", interactive, global_env.iop, iostack));
-
-	for (;;) {
-		if (interactive && global_env.iop <= iostack) {
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING
-			current_prompt = prompt->value;
-#else
-			prs(prompt->value);
-#endif
-		}
-		onecommand();
-		/* Ensure that getenv("PATH") stays current */
-		setenv("PATH", path->value, 1);
-	}
-
-	DBGPRINTF(("MSH_MAIN: returning.\n"));
-}
-
-
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 1987,1997, Prentice Hall
- * All rights reserved.
- *
- * Redistribution and use of the MINIX operating system in source and
- * binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided
- * that the following conditions are met:
- *
- * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- *
- * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
- * copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
- * disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
- * with the distribution.
- *
- * Neither the name of Prentice Hall nor the names of the software
- * authors or contributors may be used to endorse or promote
- * products derived from this software without specific prior
- * written permission.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS, AUTHORS, AND
- * CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES,
- * INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
- * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
- * IN NO EVENT SHALL PRENTICE HALL OR ANY AUTHORS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
- * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
- * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
- * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR
- * BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
- * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE
- * OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE,
- * EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- *
- */
diff --git a/shell/shell_common.c b/shell/shell_common.c
index 669a18dfd..3114ff3f7 100644
--- a/shell/shell_common.c
+++ b/shell/shell_common.c
@@ -33,3 +33,423 @@ int FAST_FUNC is_well_formed_var_name(const char *s, char terminator)
 
 	return *s == terminator;
 }
+
+/* read builtin */
+
+//TODO: use more efficient setvar() which takes a pointer to malloced "VAR=VAL"
+//string. hush naturally has it, and ash has setvareq().
+//Here we can simply store "VAR=" at buffer start and store read data directly
+//after "=", then pass buffer to setvar() to consume.
+const char* FAST_FUNC
+shell_builtin_read(void FAST_FUNC (*setvar)(const char *name, const char *val),
+	char       **argv,
+	const char *ifs,
+	int        read_flags,
+	const char *opt_n,
+	const char *opt_p,
+	const char *opt_t,
+	const char *opt_u
+)
+{
+	unsigned end_ms; /* -t TIMEOUT */
+	int fd; /* -u FD */
+	int nchars; /* -n NUM */
+	char **pp;
+	char *buffer;
+	struct termios tty, old_tty;
+	const char *retval;
+	int bufpos; /* need to be able to hold -1 */
+	int startword;
+	smallint backslash;
+
+	pp = argv;
+	while (*pp) {
+		if (!is_well_formed_var_name(*pp, '\0')) {
+			/* Mimic bash message */
+			bb_error_msg("read: '%s': not a valid identifier", *pp);
+			return (const char *)(uintptr_t)1;
+		}
+		pp++;
+	}
+
+	nchars = 0; /* if != 0, -n is in effect */
+	if (opt_n) {
+		nchars = bb_strtou(opt_n, NULL, 10);
+		if (nchars < 0 || errno)
+			return "invalid count";
+		/* note: "-n 0": off (bash 3.2 does this too) */
+	}
+	end_ms = 0;
+	if (opt_t) {
+		end_ms = bb_strtou(opt_t, NULL, 10);
+		if (errno || end_ms > UINT_MAX / 2048)
+			return "invalid timeout";
+		end_ms *= 1000;
+#if 0 /* even bash has no -t N.NNN support */
+		ts.tv_sec = bb_strtou(opt_t, &p, 10);
+		ts.tv_usec = 0;
+		/* EINVAL means number is ok, but not terminated by NUL */
+		if (*p == '.' && errno == EINVAL) {
+			char *p2;
+			if (*++p) {
+				int scale;
+				ts.tv_usec = bb_strtou(p, &p2, 10);
+				if (errno)
+					return "invalid timeout";
+				scale = p2 - p;
+				/* normalize to usec */
+				if (scale > 6)
+					return "invalid timeout";
+				while (scale++ < 6)
+					ts.tv_usec *= 10;
+			}
+		} else if (ts.tv_sec < 0 || errno) {
+			return "invalid timeout";
+		}
+		if (!(ts.tv_sec | ts.tv_usec)) { /* both are 0? */
+			return "invalid timeout";
+		}
+#endif /* if 0 */
+	}
+	fd = STDIN_FILENO;
+	if (opt_u) {
+		fd = bb_strtou(opt_u, NULL, 10);
+		if (fd < 0 || errno)
+			return "invalid file descriptor";
+	}
+
+	if (opt_p && isatty(fd)) {
+		fputs(opt_p, stderr);
+		fflush_all();
+	}
+
+	if (ifs == NULL)
+		ifs = defifs;
+
+	if (nchars || (read_flags & BUILTIN_READ_SILENT)) {
+		tcgetattr(fd, &tty);
+		old_tty = tty;
+		if (nchars) {
+			tty.c_lflag &= ~ICANON;
+			tty.c_cc[VMIN] = nchars < 256 ? nchars : 255;
+		}
+		if (read_flags & BUILTIN_READ_SILENT) {
+			tty.c_lflag &= ~(ECHO | ECHOK | ECHONL);
+		}
+		/* This forces execution of "restoring" tcgetattr later */
+		read_flags |= BUILTIN_READ_SILENT;
+		/* if tcgetattr failed, tcsetattr will fail too.
+		 * Ignoring, it's harmless. */
+		tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &tty);
+	}
+
+	retval = (const char *)(uintptr_t)0;
+	startword = 1;
+	backslash = 0;
+	if (end_ms) /* NB: end_ms stays nonzero: */
+		end_ms = ((unsigned)monotonic_ms() + end_ms) | 1;
+	buffer = NULL;
+	bufpos = 0;
+	do {
+		char c;
+
+		if (end_ms) {
+			int timeout;
+			struct pollfd pfd[1];
+
+			pfd[0].fd = fd;
+			pfd[0].events = POLLIN;
+			timeout = end_ms - (unsigned)monotonic_ms();
+			if (timeout <= 0 /* already late? */
+			 || safe_poll(pfd, 1, timeout) != 1 /* no? wait... */
+			) { /* timed out! */
+				retval = (const char *)(uintptr_t)1;
+				goto ret;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if ((bufpos & 0xff) == 0)
+			buffer = xrealloc(buffer, bufpos + 0x100);
+		if (nonblock_safe_read(fd, &buffer[bufpos], 1) != 1) {
+			retval = (const char *)(uintptr_t)1;
+			break;
+		}
+		c = buffer[bufpos];
+		if (c == '\0')
+			continue;
+		if (backslash) {
+			backslash = 0;
+			if (c != '\n')
+				goto put;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!(read_flags & BUILTIN_READ_RAW) && c == '\\') {
+			backslash = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (c == '\n')
+			break;
+
+		/* $IFS splitting. NOT done if we run "read"
+		 * without variable names (bash compat).
+		 * Thus, "read" and "read REPLY" are not the same.
+		 */
+		if (argv[0]) {
+/* http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/V3_chap02.html#tag_18_06_05 */
+			const char *is_ifs = strchr(ifs, c);
+			if (startword && is_ifs) {
+				if (isspace(c))
+					continue;
+				/* it is a non-space ifs char */
+				startword--;
+				if (startword == 1) /* first one? */
+					continue; /* yes, it is not next word yet */
+			}
+			startword = 0;
+			if (argv[1] != NULL && is_ifs) {
+				buffer[bufpos] = '\0';
+				bufpos = 0;
+				setvar(*argv, buffer);
+				argv++;
+				/* can we skip one non-space ifs char? (2: yes) */
+				startword = isspace(c) ? 2 : 1;
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+ put:
+		bufpos++;
+	} while (--nchars);
+
+	if (argv[0]) {
+		/* Remove trailing space $IFS chars */
+		while (--bufpos >= 0 && isspace(buffer[bufpos]) && strchr(ifs, buffer[bufpos]) != NULL)
+			continue;
+		buffer[bufpos + 1] = '\0';
+		/* Use the remainder as a value for the next variable */
+		setvar(*argv, buffer);
+		/* Set the rest to "" */
+		while (*++argv)
+			setvar(*argv, "");
+	} else {
+		/* Note: no $IFS removal */
+		buffer[bufpos] = '\0';
+		setvar("REPLY", buffer);
+	}
+
+ ret:
+	free(buffer);
+	if (read_flags & BUILTIN_READ_SILENT)
+		tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &old_tty);
+	return retval;
+}
+
+/* ulimit builtin */
+
+struct limits {
+	uint8_t cmd;            /* RLIMIT_xxx fit into it */
+	uint8_t factor_shift;   /* shift by to get rlim_{cur,max} values */
+	char option;
+	const char *name;
+};
+
+static const struct limits limits_tbl[] = {
+#ifdef RLIMIT_FSIZE
+	{ RLIMIT_FSIZE,		9,	'f',	"file size (blocks)" },
+#endif
+#ifdef RLIMIT_CPU
+	{ RLIMIT_CPU,		0,	't',	"cpu time (seconds)" },
+#endif
+#ifdef RLIMIT_DATA
+	{ RLIMIT_DATA,		10,	'd',	"data seg size (kb)" },
+#endif
+#ifdef RLIMIT_STACK
+	{ RLIMIT_STACK,		10,	's',	"stack size (kb)" },
+#endif
+#ifdef RLIMIT_CORE
+	{ RLIMIT_CORE,		9,	'c',	"core file size (blocks)" },
+#endif
+#ifdef RLIMIT_RSS
+	{ RLIMIT_RSS,		10,	'm',	"resident set size (kb)" },
+#endif
+#ifdef RLIMIT_MEMLOCK
+	{ RLIMIT_MEMLOCK,	10,	'l',	"locked memory (kb)" },
+#endif
+#ifdef RLIMIT_NPROC
+	{ RLIMIT_NPROC,		0,	'p',	"processes" },
+#endif
+#ifdef RLIMIT_NOFILE
+	{ RLIMIT_NOFILE,	0,	'n',	"file descriptors" },
+#endif
+#ifdef RLIMIT_AS
+	{ RLIMIT_AS,		10,	'v',	"address space (kb)" },
+#endif
+#ifdef RLIMIT_LOCKS
+	{ RLIMIT_LOCKS,		0,	'w',	"locks" },
+#endif
+};
+
+enum {
+	OPT_hard = (1 << 0),
+	OPT_soft = (1 << 1),
+};
+
+/* "-": treat args as parameters of option with ASCII code 1 */
+static const char ulimit_opt_string[] = "-HSa"
+#ifdef RLIMIT_FSIZE
+			"f::"
+#endif
+#ifdef RLIMIT_CPU
+			"t::"
+#endif
+#ifdef RLIMIT_DATA
+			"d::"
+#endif
+#ifdef RLIMIT_STACK
+			"s::"
+#endif
+#ifdef RLIMIT_CORE
+			"c::"
+#endif
+#ifdef RLIMIT_RSS
+			"m::"
+#endif
+#ifdef RLIMIT_MEMLOCK
+			"l::"
+#endif
+#ifdef RLIMIT_NPROC
+			"p::"
+#endif
+#ifdef RLIMIT_NOFILE
+			"n::"
+#endif
+#ifdef RLIMIT_AS
+			"v::"
+#endif
+#ifdef RLIMIT_LOCKS
+			"w::"
+#endif
+			;
+
+static void printlim(unsigned opts, const struct rlimit *limit,
+			const struct limits *l)
+{
+	rlim_t val;
+
+	val = limit->rlim_max;
+	if (!(opts & OPT_hard))
+		val = limit->rlim_cur;
+
+	if (val == RLIM_INFINITY)
+		printf("unlimited\n");
+	else {
+		val >>= l->factor_shift;
+		printf("%llu\n", (long long) val);
+	}
+}
+
+int FAST_FUNC
+shell_builtin_ulimit(char **argv)
+{
+	unsigned opts;
+	unsigned argc;
+
+	/* We can't use getopt32: need to handle commands like
+	 * ulimit 123 -c2 -l 456
+	 */
+
+	/* In case getopt was already called:
+	 * reset the libc getopt() function, which keeps internal state.
+	 */
+#ifdef __GLIBC__
+	optind = 0;
+#else /* BSD style */
+	optind = 1;
+	/* optreset = 1; */
+#endif
+	/* optarg = NULL; opterr = 0; optopt = 0; - do we need this?? */
+
+        argc = 1;
+        while (argv[argc])
+                argc++;
+
+	opts = 0;
+	while (1) {
+		struct rlimit limit;
+		const struct limits *l;
+		int opt_char = getopt(argc, argv, ulimit_opt_string);
+
+		if (opt_char == -1)
+			break;
+		if (opt_char == 'H') {
+			opts |= OPT_hard;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (opt_char == 'S') {
+			opts |= OPT_soft;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (opt_char == 'a') {
+			for (l = limits_tbl; l != &limits_tbl[ARRAY_SIZE(limits_tbl)]; l++) {
+				getrlimit(l->cmd, &limit);
+				printf("-%c: %-30s ", l->option, l->name);
+				printlim(opts, &limit, l);
+			}
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (opt_char == 1)
+			opt_char = 'f';
+		for (l = limits_tbl; l != &limits_tbl[ARRAY_SIZE(limits_tbl)]; l++) {
+			if (opt_char == l->option) {
+				char *val_str;
+
+				getrlimit(l->cmd, &limit);
+
+				val_str = optarg;
+				if (!val_str && argv[optind] && argv[optind][0] != '-')
+					val_str = argv[optind++]; /* ++ skips NN in "-c NN" case */
+				if (val_str) {
+					rlim_t val;
+
+					if (strcmp(val_str, "unlimited") == 0)
+						val = RLIM_INFINITY;
+					else {
+						if (sizeof(val) == sizeof(int))
+							val = bb_strtou(val_str, NULL, 10);
+						else if (sizeof(val) == sizeof(long))
+							val = bb_strtoul(val_str, NULL, 10);
+						else
+							val = bb_strtoull(val_str, NULL, 10);
+						if (errno) {
+							bb_error_msg("bad number");
+							return EXIT_FAILURE;
+						}
+						val <<= l->factor_shift;
+					}
+//bb_error_msg("opt %c val_str:'%s' val:%lld", opt_char, val_str, (long long)val);
+					if (opts & OPT_hard)
+						limit.rlim_max = val;
+					if ((opts & OPT_soft) || opts == 0)
+						limit.rlim_cur = val;
+//bb_error_msg("setrlimit(%d, %lld, %lld)", l->cmd, (long long)limit.rlim_cur, (long long)limit.rlim_max);
+					if (setrlimit(l->cmd, &limit) < 0) {
+						bb_perror_msg("error setting limit");
+						return EXIT_FAILURE;
+					}
+				} else {
+					printlim(opts, &limit, l);
+				}
+				break;
+			}
+		} /* for (every possible opt) */
+
+		if (l == &limits_tbl[ARRAY_SIZE(limits_tbl)]) {
+			/* bad option. getopt already complained. */
+			break;
+		}
+
+	} /* while (there are options) */
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/shell/shell_common.h b/shell/shell_common.h
index 7c8e8c356..1e9f6a691 100644
--- a/shell/shell_common.h
+++ b/shell/shell_common.h
@@ -26,6 +26,26 @@ extern const char defifsvar[]; /* "IFS= \t\n" */
 
 int FAST_FUNC is_well_formed_var_name(const char *s, char terminator);
 
+/* Builtins */
+
+enum {
+	BUILTIN_READ_SILENT = 1 << 0,
+	BUILTIN_READ_RAW    = 1 << 1,
+};
+const char* FAST_FUNC
+shell_builtin_read(void FAST_FUNC (*setvar)(const char *name, const char *val),
+	char       **argv,
+	const char *ifs,
+	int        read_flags,
+	const char *opt_n,
+	const char *opt_p,
+	const char *opt_t,
+	const char *opt_u
+);
+
+int FAST_FUNC
+shell_builtin_ulimit(char **argv);
+
 POP_SAVED_FUNCTION_VISIBILITY
 
 #endif