From e5cec4e3ac31ec32fd8a39287155374ea2283518 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Eric Andersen Date: Thu, 6 Jul 2000 19:59:22 +0000 Subject: More doc patches from Matt Kraai . Thanks Matt! -Erik --- docs/busybox.sgml | 2120 ++++++++++++++++++++--------------------------------- 1 file changed, 793 insertions(+), 1327 deletions(-) (limited to 'docs') diff --git a/docs/busybox.sgml b/docs/busybox.sgml index 01c407a17..8ba31c0de 100644 --- a/docs/busybox.sgml +++ b/docs/busybox.sgml @@ -878,1504 +878,970 @@ - -fbset - - - + + fbset - -Usage: fbset [options] [mode] + + Usage: fbset [OPTION]... [MODE] + + + Show and modify frame buffer device settings. + - + + Options: + - -Show and modify frame buffer device settings + + + -h Display option summary + -fb DEVICE Operate on DEVICE + -db FILE Use FILE for mode database + -g XRES YRES VXRES VYRES DEPTH Set all geometry parameters + -t PIXCLOCK LEFT RIGHT UPPER LOWER HSLEN VSLEN Set all timing parameters + -xres RES Set visible horizontal resolution + -yres RES Set visible vertical resolution + + + + Example: + - + + + $ fbset + mode "1024x768-76" + # D: 78.653 MHz, H: 59.949 kHz, V: 75.694 Hz + geometry 1024 768 1024 768 16 + timings 12714 128 32 16 4 128 4 + accel false + rgba 5/11,6/5,5/0,0/0 + endmode + + + - -Options: + + fdflush + + Usage: fdflush DEVICE + - + + Force floppy disk drive to detect disk change on DEVICE. + + - - - -h - -fb - -db - -a - -i - -g - -t - -accel - -hsync - -vsync - -laced - -double - + + find + + Usage: find [PATH]... [EXPRESSION] + - + + Search for files in a directory hierarchy. The default + PATH is the current directory; default EXPRESSION is + '-print'. + - -Example: + + EXPRESSION may consist of: + + + + -follow Dereference symbolic links + -name PATTERN File name (leading directories removed) matches PATTERN + -print Print the full file name followed by a newline to stdout + + - + + Example: + - - - $ fbset - mode "1024x768-76" - # D: 78.653 MHz, H: 59.949 kHz, V: 75.694 Hz - geometry 1024 768 1024 768 16 - timings 12714 128 32 16 4 128 4 - accel false - rgba 5/11,6/5,5/0,0/0 - endmode - + + + $ find / -name /etc/passwd + /etc/passwd + + + + + free - + + Usage: free + - -------------------------------- + + Displays the amount of free and used system memory. + + + Example: + - + + + $ free + total used free shared buffers + Mem: 257628 248724 8904 59644 93124 + Swap: 128516 8404 120112 + Total: 386144 257128 129016 + + + - -fdflush + + freeramdisk - - + + Usage: freeramdisk DEVICE + - -Usage: fdflush device + + Free all memory used by the ramdisk DEVICE. + + + Example: + - + + + $ freeramdisk /dev/ram2 + + + - -Force floppy disk drive to detect disk change + + fsck.minix + + Usage: fsck.minix [OPTION]... DEVICE + - + + Perform a consistency check on the MINIX filesystem on + DEVICE. + - -------------------------------- + + Options: + + + + -l List all filenames + -r Perform interactive repairs + -a Perform automatic repairs + -v Verbose + -s Output super-block information + -m Activate MINIX-like "mode not cleared" warnings + -f Force file system check. + + + - + + grep - -find + + Usage: grep [OPTIONS]... PATTERN [FILE]... + - - + + Search for PATTERN in each FILE or stdin. + - -Usage: find [PATH...] [EXPRESSION] + + Options: + + + + -h Suppress the prefixing filename on output + -i Ignore case distinctions + -n Print line number with output lines + -q Be quiet. Returns 0 if result was found, 1 otherwise + -v Select non-matching lines + + - + + This version of grep matches full regular expressions. + - -Search for files in a directory hierarchy. The default PATH is the current -directory; default EXPRESSION is '-print' + + Example: + + + + $ grep root /etc/passwd + root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash + $ grep ^[rR]oo. /etc/passwd + root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash + + + - + + gunzip - -EXPRESSION may consist of: + + Usage: gunzip [OPTION]... FILE + + + Uncompress FILE (or stdin if FILE is '-'). + - + + Options: + - - - -follow Dereference symbolic links. - -name PATTERN File name (leading directories removed) matches PATTERN. - -print print the full file name followed by a newline to stdout. - + + + -c Write output to standard output + -t Test compressed file integrity + + + + Example: + - + + + $ ls -la /tmp/BusyBox* + -rw-rw-r-- 1 andersen andersen 557009 Apr 11 10:55 /tmp/BusyBox-0.43.tar.gz + $ gunzip /tmp/BusyBox-0.43.tar.gz + $ ls -la /tmp/BusyBox* + -rw-rw-r-- 1 andersen andersen 1761280 Apr 14 17:47 /tmp/BusyBox-0.43.tar + + + - -Example: +< + gzip + + Usage: gzip [OPTION]... FILE + - + + Compress FILE (or stdin if FILE is '-') with maximum + compression to FILE.gz (or stdout if FILE is '-'). + - - - $ find / -name /etc/passwd - /etc/passwd - + + Options: + + + + -c Write output to standard output + + - + + Example: + - -------------------------------- + + + $ ls -la /tmp/BusyBox* + -rw-rw-r-- 1 andersen andersen 1761280 Apr 14 17:47 /tmp/BusyBox-0.43.tar + $ gzip /tmp/BusyBox-0.43.tar + $ ls -la /tmp/BusyBox* + -rw-rw-r-- 1 andersen andersen 554058 Apr 14 17:49 /tmp/BusyBox-0.43.tar.gz + + + + + halt - + + Usage: halt + - -free + + Halt the system. + + - - + + head - -Usage: free + + Usage: head [OPTION] FILE... + + + Print first 10 lines of each FILE to standard output. + With more than one FILE, precede each with a header + giving the file name. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, + read standard input. + - + + Options: + - -Displays the amount of free and used system memory. + + + -n NUM Print first NUM lines instead of first 10 + + + + Example: + - + + + $ head -n 2 /etc/passwd + root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash + daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/bin/sh + + + - -Example: + + hostid + + Usage: hostid + - + + Prints out a unique 32-bit identifier for the current + machine. The 32-bit identifier is intended to be unique + among all UNIX systems in existence. + + - - - $ free - total used free shared buffers - Mem: 257628 248724 8904 59644 93124 - Swap: 128516 8404 120112 - Total: 386144 257128 129016 - + + hostname + + Usage: hostname [OPTION]... [HOSTNAME|-F FILE] + - + + Get or set the hostname or DNS domain name. If a + hostname is given (or a file with the -F parameter), the + host name will be set. + - -------------------------------- + + Options: + + + + -s Short + -i Addresses for the hostname + -d DNS domain name + -F FILE Use the contents of FILE to specify the hostname + + - + + Example: + - -freeramdisk - - - - - -Usage: freeramdisk DEVICE - - - - - -Frees all memory used by the specified ramdisk. - - - - - -Example: - - - - - - - $ freeramdisk /dev/ram2 - - - - - - -------------------------------- - - - - - -fsck.minix - - - - - -Usage: fsck.minix [-larvsmf] /dev/name - - - - - -Performs a consistency check for MINIX filesystems. - - - - - -OPTIONS: - - - - - - - -l Lists all filenames - -r Perform interactive repairs - -a Perform automatic repairs - -v verbose - -s Outputs super-block information - -m Activates MINIX-like "mode not cleared" warnings - -f Force file system check. - - - - - - -------------------------------- - - - - - -grep - - - - - -Usage: grep [OPTIONS]... PATTERN [FILE]... - - - - - -Search for PATTERN in each FILE or standard input. - - - - - -OPTIONS: - - - - - - - -h suppress the prefixing filename on output - -i ignore case distinctions - -n print line number with output lines - -q be quiet. Returns 0 if result was found, 1 otherwise - -v select non-matching lines - - - - - - -This version of grep matches full regular expressions. - - - - - -Example: - - - - - - - $ grep root /etc/passwd - root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash - $ grep ^[rR]oo. /etc/passwd - root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash - - - - - - -------------------------------- - - - - - -gunzip - - - - - -Usage: gunzip [OPTION]... FILE - - - - - -Uncompress FILE (or standard input if FILE is '-'). - - - - - -Options: - - - - - - - -c Write output to standard output - -t Test compressed file integrity - - - - - - -Example: - - - - - - - $ ls -la /tmp/BusyBox* - -rw-rw-r-- 1 andersen andersen 557009 Apr 11 10:55 /tmp/BusyBox-0.43.tar.gz - $ gunzip /tmp/BusyBox-0.43.tar.gz - $ ls -la /tmp/BusyBox* - -rw-rw-r-- 1 andersen andersen 1761280 Apr 14 17:47 /tmp/BusyBox-0.43.tar - - - - - - -------------------------------- - - - - - -gzip - - - - - -Usage: gzip [OPTION]... FILE - - - - - -Compress FILE with maximum compression. When FILE is '-', reads standard -input. Implies -c. - - - - - -Options: - - - - - - - -c Write output to standard output instead of FILE.gz - - - - - - -Example: - - - - - - - $ ls -la /tmp/BusyBox* - -rw-rw-r-- 1 andersen andersen 1761280 Apr 14 17:47 /tmp/BusyBox-0.43.tar - $ gzip /tmp/BusyBox-0.43.tar - $ ls -la /tmp/BusyBox* - -rw-rw-r-- 1 andersen andersen 554058 Apr 14 17:49 /tmp/BusyBox-0.43.tar.gz - - - - - - -------------------------------- - - - - - -halt - - - - - -Usage: halt - - - - - -This command halts the system. - - - - - -------------------------------- - - - - - -head - - - - - -Usage: head [OPTION] [FILE]... - - - - - -Print first 10 lines of each FILE to standard output. With more than one -FILE, precede each with a header giving the file name. With no FILE, or -when FILE is -, read standard input. - - - - - -Options: - - - - - - - -n NUM Print first NUM lines instead of first 10 - - - - - - -Example: - - - - - - - $ head -n 2 /etc/passwd - root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash - daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/bin/sh - - - - - - -------------------------------- - - - - - -hostid - - - - - -Usage: hostid - - - - - -Prints out a unique 32-bit identifier for the current machine. The 32-bit -identifier is intended to be unique among all UNIX systems in existence. - - - - - -------------------------------- - - - - - -hostname - - - - - -Usage: hostname [OPTION] {hostname | -F file} - - - - - -Get or set the hostname or DNS domain name. If a hostname is given (or a -file with the -F parameter), the host name will be set. - - - - - -Options: - - - - - - - -s Short - -i Addresses for the hostname - -d DNS domain name - -F FILE Use the contents of FILE to specify the hostname - - - - - - -Example: - - - - - - - $ hostname - slag - - - - - - -------------------------------- - - - - - -id - - - - - -Print information for USERNAME or the current user - - - - - -Options: - - - - - - - -g prints only the group ID - -u prints only the user ID - -r prints the real user ID instead of the effective ID (with -ug) - - - - - - -Example: - - - - - - - $ id - uid=1000(andersen) gid=1000(andersen) - - - - - - -------------------------------- - - - - - -init - - - - - -Usage: init - - - - - -Init is the parent of all processes. - - - - - -This version of init is designed to be run only by the kernel. - - - - - -BusyBox init doesn't support multiple runlevels. The runlevels field of the -/etc/inittab file is completely ignored by BusyBox init. If you want -runlevels, use sysvinit. - - - - - -BusyBox init works just fine without an inittab. If no inittab is found, it -has the following default behavior: - - - - - - - ::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS - ::askfirst:/bin/sh - - - - - - -if it detects that /dev/console is _not_ a serial console, it will also -run: - - - - - - - tty2::askfirst:/bin/sh - - - - - - -If you choose to use an /etc/inittab file, the inittab entry format is as -follows: - - - - - - - <id>:<runlevels>:<action>:<process> - - - - - - - - <id>: - - - - - - - - WARNING: This field has a non-traditional meaning for BusyBox init! - The id field is used by BusyBox init to specify the controlling tty for - the specified process to run on. The contents of this field are - appended to "/dev/" and used as-is. There is no need for this field to - be unique, although if it isn't you may have strange results. If this - field is left blank, it is completely ignored. Also note that if - BusyBox detects that a serial console is in use, then all entries - containing non-empty id fields will _not_ be run. BusyBox init does - nothing with utmp. We don't need no stinkin' utmp. - - - - - - - - <runlevels>: - - - - - - - - The runlevels field is completely ignored. - - - - - - - - <action>: - - - - - - - - Valid actions include: sysinit, respawn, askfirst, wait, - once, and ctrlaltdel. - - - - - - - - askfirst acts just like respawn, but before running the specified - process it displays the line "Please press Enter to activate this - console." and then waits for the user to press enter before starting - the specified process. - - - - - - - - Unrecognized actions (like initdefault) will cause init to emit - an error message, and then go along with its business. - - - - - - - - <process>: - - - - - - - - Specifies the process to be executed and it's command line. - - - - - - -Example /etc/inittab file: - - - - - - - # This is run first except when booting in single-user mode. - # - ::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS - - - - - - - - # /bin/sh invocations on selected ttys - # - # Start an "askfirst" shell on the console (whatever that may be) - ::askfirst:/bin/sh - # Start an "askfirst" shell on /dev/tty2 - tty2::askfirst:/bin/sh - - - - - - - - # /sbin/getty invocations for selected ttys - # - tty4::respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty4 - tty5::respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty5 - - - - - - - - # Example of how to put a getty on a serial line (for a terminal) - # - #ttyS0::respawn:/sbin/getty -L ttyS0 9600 vt100 - #ttyS1::respawn:/sbin/getty -L ttyS1 9600 vt100 - # - # Example how to put a getty on a modem line. - #ttyS2::respawn:/sbin/getty -x0 -s 57600 ttyS2 - - - - - - - - # Stuff to do before rebooting - ::ctrlaltdel:/bin/umount -a -r > /dev/null 2>&1 - ::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/swapoff -a > /dev/null 2>&1 - - - - - - -------------------------------- - - - - - -insmod - - - - - -Usage: insmod [OPTION]... MODULE [symbol=value]... - - - - - -Loads the specified kernel modules into the kernel. - - - - - -Options: - - - - - - - -f Force module to load into the wrong kernel version. - -k Make module autoclean-able. - -v verbose output - -x do not export externs - - - - - - -------------------------------- - - - - - -kill - - - - - -Usage: kill [-signal] process-id [process-id ...] - - - - - -Send a signal (default is SIGTERM) to the specified -process(es). - - - - - -Options: - - - - - - - -l List all signal names and numbers. - - - - - - -Example: - - - - - - - $ ps | grep apache - 252 root root S [apache] - 263 www-data www-data S [apache] - 264 www-data www-data S [apache] - 265 www-data www-data S [apache] - 266 www-data www-data S [apache] - 267 www-data www-data S [apache] - $ kill 252 - - - - - - -------------------------------- - - - - - -killall - - - - - -Usage: killall [-signal] process-name [process-name ...] - - - - - -Send a signal (default is SIGTERM) to the specified -process(es). - - - - - -Options: - - - - - - - -l List all signal names and numbers. - - - - - - -Example: - - - - - - - $ killall apache - - - - - - -------------------------------- - - - - - -length - - - - - -Usage: length STRING - - - - - -Prints out the length of the specified STRING. - - - - - -Example: - - - - - - - $ length "Hello" - 5 - - - - - - -------------------------------- - - - - - -ln - - - - - -Usage: ln [OPTION] TARGET... LINK_NAME|DIRECTORY - - - - - -Create a link named LINK_NAME or DIRECTORY to the specified TARGET You may -use '--' to indicate that all following arguments are non-options. - - - - - -Options: - - - - - - - -s make symbolic links instead of hard links - -f remove existing destination files - - - - - - -Example: - - - - - - - $ ln -s BusyBox /tmp/ls - $ ls -l /tmp/ls - lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Apr 12 18:39 ls -> BusyBox* - - - - - - -------------------------------- - - - - - -loadacm - - - - - -Usage: loadacm - - - - - -Loads an acm from standard input. - - - - - -Example: - - - - - - - $ loadacm < /etc/i18n/acmname - - - - - - -------------------------------- - - - - - -loadfont - - - - - -Usage: loadfont - - - - - -Loads a console font from standard input. - - - - - -Example: - - - - - - - $ loadfont < /etc/i18n/fontname - - - - - - -------------------------------- - - - - - -loadkmap - - - - - -Usage: loadkmap - - - - - -Loads a binary keyboard translation table from standard input. - - - - - -Example: - - - + + + $ hostname + slag + + + - - - $ loadkmap < /etc/i18n/lang-keymap - + + id + + Usage: id [OPTION]... [USERNAME] + - + + Print information for USERNAME or the current user. + - -------------------------------- + + Options: + + + + -g Print only the group ID + -u Print only the user ID + -r Print the real user ID instead of the effective ID (with -ug) + + - + + Example: + - -logger + + + $ id + uid=1000(andersen) gid=1000(andersen) + + + - - + + init - -Usage: logger [OPTION]... [MESSAGE] + + Usage: init + + + Init is the parent of all processes. + - + + This version of init is designed to be run only by the + kernel. + - -Write MESSAGE to the system log. If MESSAGE is '-', log stdin. + + BusyBox init doesn't support multiple runlevels. The + runlevels field of the /etc/inittab file is completely + ignored by BusyBox init. If you want runlevels, use + sysvinit. + + + BusyBox init works just fine without an inittab. If no + inittab is found, it has the following default behavior: + - + + + ::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS + ::askfirst:/bin/sh + + - -Options: + + If it detects that /dev/console is _not_ a serial + console, it will also run: + + + + tty2::askfirst:/bin/sh + + - + + If you choose to use an /etc/inittab file, the inittab + entry format is as follows: + - - - -s Log to stderr as well as the system log. - -t Log using the specified tag (defaults to user name). - -p Enter the message with the specified priority. - This may be numerical or a ``facility.level'' pair. - + + + <id>:<runlevels>:<action>:<process> + + + + id + + WARNING: This field has a non-traditional + meaning for BusyBox init! The id field is used + by BusyBox init to specify the controlling tty + for the specified process to run on. The + contents of this field are appended to "/dev/" + and used as-is. There is no need for this field + to be unique, although if it isn't you may have + strange results. If this field is left blank, + it is completely ignored. Also note that if + BusyBox detects that a serial console is in use, + then all entries containing non-empty id fields + will _not_ be run. BusyBox init does nothing + with utmp. We don't need no stinkin' utmp. + + + + + runlevels + + + The runlevels field is completely ignored. + + + + + action + + + Valid actions include: sysinit, respawn, + askfirst, wait, once, and ctrlaltdel. + + + + askfirst acts just like respawn, but before + running the specified process it displays the + line "Please press Enter to activate this + console." and then waits for the user to press + enter before starting the specified process. + + + + Unrecognized actions (like initdefault) will + cause init to emit an error message, and then go + along with its business. + + + + + process + + + Specifies the process to be executed and its + command line. + + - + + Example /etc/inittab file: + - -Example: + + + # This is run first except when booting in single-user mode. + # + ::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS + + # /bin/sh invocations on selected ttys + # + # Start an "askfirst" shell on the console (whatever that may be) + ::askfirst:/bin/sh + # Start an "askfirst" shell on /dev/tty2 + tty2::askfirst:/bin/sh + + # /sbin/getty invocations for selected ttys + # + tty4::respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty4 + tty5::respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty5 + + # Example of how to put a getty on a serial line (for a terminal) + # + #ttyS0::respawn:/sbin/getty -L ttyS0 9600 vt100 + #ttyS1::respawn:/sbin/getty -L ttyS1 9600 vt100 + # + # Example how to put a getty on a modem line. + #ttyS2::respawn:/sbin/getty -x0 -s 57600 ttyS2 + + # Stuff to do before rebooting + ::ctrlaltdel:/bin/umount -a -r > /dev/null 2>&1 + ::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/swapoff -a > /dev/null 2>&1 + + + + + insmod - + + Usage: insmod [OPTION]... MODULE [symbol=value]... + - - - $ logger "hello" - + + Loads MODULE into the kernel. + + + Options: + - + + + -f Force module to load into the wrong kernel version. + -k Make module autoclean-able. + -v Verbose output + -x Do not export externs + + + - -------------------------------- + + kill + + Usage: kill [OPTION] PID... + - + + Send a signal (default is SIGTERM) to the specified + PID(s). + - -logname + + Options: + - - + + + -l List all signal names and numbers + -SIG Send signal SIG + + - -Usage: logname + + Example: + + + + $ ps | grep apache + 252 root root S [apache] + 263 www-data www-data S [apache] + 264 www-data www-data S [apache] + 265 www-data www-data S [apache] + 266 www-data www-data S [apache] + 267 www-data www-data S [apache] + $ kill 252 + + + - + + killall - -Print the name of the current user. + + Usage: killall [OPTION] NAME... + + + Send a signal (default is SIGTERM) to the specified + NAME(s). + - + + Options: + - -Example: + + + -l List all signal names and numbers + -SIG Send signal SIG + + + + Example: + - + + + $ killall apache + + + - - - $ logname - root - + + length + + Usage: length STRING + - + + Print the length of STRING. + - -------------------------------- + + Example: + + + + $ length "Hello" + 5 + + + - + + ln - -ls + + Usage: ln [OPTION]... TARGET FILE|DIRECTORY + - - + + Create a link named FILE or DIRECTORY to the specified + TARGET. You may use '--' to indicate that all following + arguments are non-options. + - -Usage: ls [-1acdelnpuxACFR] [filenames...] + + Options: + + + + -s Make symbolic link instead of hard link + -f Remove existing destination file + + - + + Example: + - -Options: + + + $ ln -s BusyBox /tmp/ls + $ ls -l /tmp/ls + lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Apr 12 18:39 ls -> BusyBox* + + + + + loadacm - + + Usage: loadacm + - - - -a do not hide entries starting with . - -c with -l: show ctime (the time of last - modification of file status information) - -d list directory entries instead of contents - -e list both full date and full time - -l use a long listing format - -n list numeric UIDs and GIDs instead of names - -p append indicator (one of /=@|) to entries - -u with -l: show access time (the time of last - access of the file) - -x list entries by lines instead of by columns - -A do not list implied . and .. - -C list entries by columns - -F append indicator (one of */=@|) to entries - -R list subdirectories recursively - + + Load an acm from stdin. + + + Example: + - + + + $ loadacm < /etc/i18n/acmname + + + - -------------------------------- + + loadfont + + Usage: loadfont + - + + Load a console font from stdin. + - -lsmod + + Example: + - - + + + $ loadfont < /etc/i18n/fontname + + + - -Usage: lsmod + + loadkmap + + Usage: loadkmap + - + + Load a binary keyboard translation table from stdin. + - -Shows a list of all currently loaded kernel modules. + + Example: + + + + $ loadkmap < /etc/i18n/lang-keymap + + + - + + logger - -------------------------------- + + Usage: logger [OPTION]... [MESSAGE] + + + Write MESSAGE to the system log. If MESSAGE is '-', log + stdin. + - + + Options: + - -makedevs + + + -s Log to stderr as well as the system log + -t Log using the specified tag (defaults to user name) + -p Enter the message with the specified priority + This may be numerical or a ``facility.level'' pair + + - - + + Example: + - -Usage: makedevs NAME TYPE MAJOR MINOR FIRST LAST [s] + + + $ logger "hello" + + + + + logname - + + Usage: logname + - -Creates a range of block or character special files + + Print the name of the current user. + + + Example: + - + + + $ logname + root + + + - -TYPEs include: + + ls + + Usage: ls [OPTION]... [FILE]... + - + + + - - - b: Make a block (buffered) device. - c or u: Make a character (un-buffered) device. - p: Make a named pipe. MAJOR and MINOR are ignored for named pipes. - + + Options: + + + + -a Do not hide entries starting with . + -c With -l: show ctime (the time of last + modification of file status information) + -d List directory entries instead of contents + -e List both full date and full time + -l Use a long listing format + -n List numeric UIDs and GIDs instead of names + -p Append indicator (one of /=@|) to entries + -u With -l: show access time (the time of last + access of the file) + -x List entries by lines instead of by columns + -A Do not list implied . and .. + -C List entries by columns + -F Append indicator (one of */=@|) to entries + -R List subdirectories recursively + + - + + Example: + - -FIRST specifies the number appended to NAME to create the first device. -LAST specifies the number of the last item that should be created. If 's' -is the last argument, the base device is created as well. + + + + + + + lsmod - + + Usage: lsmod + - -Example: + + List currently loaded kernel modules. + + + + makedevs - + + Usage: makedevsf NAME TYPE MAJOR MINOR FIRST LAST [s] + - - - $ makedevs /dev/ttyS c 4 66 2 63 - [creates ttyS2-ttyS63] - $ makedevs /dev/hda b 3 0 0 8 s - [creates hda,hda1-hda8] - + + Create a range of block or character special files. + + + TYPE may be: + - + + + b Make a block (buffered) device + c or u Make a character (un-buffered) device + p Make a named pipe. MAJOR and MINOR are ignored for named pipes + + - -------------------------------- + + FIRST specifies the number appended to NAME to create + the first device. LAST specifies the number of the last + item that should be created. If 's' is the last + argument, the base device is created as well. + + + Example: + - + + + $ makedevs /dev/ttyS c 4 66 2 63 + [creates ttyS2-ttyS63] + $ makedevs /dev/hda b 3 0 0 8 s + [creates hda,hda1-hda8] + + + - + md5sum -- cgit v1.2.3