# do all of these in subshells since it's supposed to error out # (set argv0 to "SHELL" to avoid "/path/to/shell: blah" in error messages) # first try some invalid patterns #"$THIS_SH" -c 'echo ${?}' SHELL -- this is valid as it's the same as $? "$THIS_SH" -c 'echo ${:?}' SHELL # then some funky ones # note: bash prints 1 - treats it as "length of $#" "$THIS_SH" -c 'echo ${#?}' SHELL # bash prints 0 "$THIS_SH" -c 'echo ${#:?}' SHELL # now some valid ones export msg_unset="unset!" export msg_null_or_unset="null or unset!" echo ==== "$THIS_SH" -c 'set --; echo _$1' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'set --; echo _${1?}' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'set --; echo _${1:?}' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'set --; echo _${1?message1}' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'set --; echo _${1:?message1}' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'set --; echo _${1?$msg_unset}' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'set --; echo _${1:?$msg_null_or_unset}' SHELL echo ==== "$THIS_SH" -c 'set -- aaaa; echo _$1' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'set -- aaaa; echo _${1?}' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'set -- aaaa; echo _${1:?}' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'set -- aaaa; echo _${1?word}' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'set -- aaaa; echo _${1:?word}' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'set -- aaaa; echo _${1?$msg_unset}' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'set -- aaaa; echo _${1:?$msg_null_or_unset}' SHELL echo ==== "$THIS_SH" -c 'unset f; echo _$f' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'unset f; echo _${f?}' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'unset f; echo _${f:?}' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'unset f; echo _${f?message3}' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'unset f; echo _${f:?message3}' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'unset f; echo _${f?$msg_unset}' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'unset f; echo _${f:?$msg_null_or_unset}' SHELL echo ==== "$THIS_SH" -c 'f=; echo _$f' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'f=; echo _${f?}' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'f=; echo _${f:?}' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'f=; echo _${f?word}' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'f=; echo _${f:?message4}' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'f=; echo _${f?$msg_unset}' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'f=; echo _${f:?$msg_null_or_unset}' SHELL echo ==== "$THIS_SH" -c 'f=fff; echo _$f' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'f=fff; echo _${f?}' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'f=fff; echo _${f:?}' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'f=fff; echo _${f?word}' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'f=fff; echo _${f:?word}' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'f=fff; echo _${f?$msg_unset}' SHELL "$THIS_SH" -c 'f=fff; echo _${f:?$msg_null_or_unset}' SHELL