Update bc for 1.1 release

1 files changed, 3018 insertions, 3146 deletions

diff --git a/toys/pending/bc.c b/toys/pending/bc.c
index 0130d80a..f2a8d1ec 100644
--- a/toys/pending/bc.c
+++ b/toys/pending/bc.c
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ config BC
 
 GLOBALS(
   long tty;
+  long ttyin;
 
   unsigned long sig;
   unsigned long sigc;
@@ -48,143 +49,142 @@ typedef enum BcStatus {
 
   BC_STATUS_SUCCESS,
 
-  BC_STATUS_MALLOC_FAIL,
+  BC_STATUS_ALLOC_ERR,
   BC_STATUS_IO_ERR,
-  BC_STATUS_BINARY_FILE,
+  BC_STATUS_BIN_FILE,
+  BC_STATUS_PATH_IS_DIR,
 
-  BC_STATUS_LEX_BAD_CHARACTER,
+  BC_STATUS_LEX_BAD_CHAR,
   BC_STATUS_LEX_NO_STRING_END,
   BC_STATUS_LEX_NO_COMMENT_END,
   BC_STATUS_LEX_EOF,
 
   BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN,
-  BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_EXPR,
+  BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_EXP,
+  BC_STATUS_PARSE_EMPTY_EXP,
   BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_PRINT,
   BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_FUNC,
   BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_ASSIGN,
   BC_STATUS_PARSE_NO_AUTO,
   BC_STATUS_PARSE_DUPLICATE_LOCAL,
+  BC_STATUS_PARSE_NO_BLOCK_END,
 
   BC_STATUS_MATH_NEGATIVE,
   BC_STATUS_MATH_NON_INTEGER,
   BC_STATUS_MATH_OVERFLOW,
   BC_STATUS_MATH_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO,
-  BC_STATUS_MATH_NEG_SQRT,
   BC_STATUS_MATH_BAD_STRING,
 
   BC_STATUS_EXEC_FILE_ERR,
   BC_STATUS_EXEC_MISMATCHED_PARAMS,
   BC_STATUS_EXEC_UNDEFINED_FUNC,
   BC_STATUS_EXEC_FILE_NOT_EXECUTABLE,
-  BC_STATUS_EXEC_SIGACTION_FAIL,
-  BC_STATUS_EXEC_BAD_SCALE,
-  BC_STATUS_EXEC_BAD_IBASE,
-  BC_STATUS_EXEC_BAD_OBASE,
+  BC_STATUS_EXEC_NUM_LEN,
+  BC_STATUS_EXEC_NAME_LEN,
   BC_STATUS_EXEC_STRING_LEN,
   BC_STATUS_EXEC_ARRAY_LEN,
+  BC_STATUS_EXEC_BAD_IBASE,
+  BC_STATUS_EXEC_BAD_SCALE,
   BC_STATUS_EXEC_BAD_READ_EXPR,
-  BC_STATUS_EXEC_NESTED_READ,
+  BC_STATUS_EXEC_REC_READ,
   BC_STATUS_EXEC_BAD_TYPE,
+  BC_STATUS_EXEC_BAD_OBASE,
   BC_STATUS_EXEC_SIGNAL,
-
-  BC_STATUS_POSIX_NAME_LEN,
-  BC_STATUS_POSIX_SCRIPT_COMMENT,
-  BC_STATUS_POSIX_BAD_KEYWORD,
-  BC_STATUS_POSIX_DOT_LAST,
-  BC_STATUS_POSIX_RETURN_PARENS,
-  BC_STATUS_POSIX_BOOL_OPS,
-  BC_STATUS_POSIX_REL_OUTSIDE,
-  BC_STATUS_POSIX_MULTIPLE_REL,
-  BC_STATUS_POSIX_NO_FOR_INIT,
-  BC_STATUS_POSIX_NO_FOR_COND,
-  BC_STATUS_POSIX_NO_FOR_UPDATE,
-  BC_STATUS_POSIX_HEADER_BRACE,
+  BC_STATUS_EXEC_STACK,
 
   BC_STATUS_VEC_OUT_OF_BOUNDS,
   BC_STATUS_VEC_ITEM_EXISTS,
 
+  BC_STATUS_POSIX_NAME_LEN,
+  BC_STATUS_POSIX_COMMENT,
+  BC_STATUS_POSIX_BAD_KW,
+  BC_STATUS_POSIX_DOT,
+  BC_STATUS_POSIX_RET,
+  BC_STATUS_POSIX_BOOL,
+  BC_STATUS_POSIX_REL_POS,
+  BC_STATUS_POSIX_MULTIREL,
+  BC_STATUS_POSIX_FOR1,
+  BC_STATUS_POSIX_FOR2,
+  BC_STATUS_POSIX_FOR3,
+  BC_STATUS_POSIX_BRACE,
+
   BC_STATUS_QUIT,
   BC_STATUS_LIMITS,
 
 } BcStatus;
 
-#define BC_ERR_IDX_BC (0)
+#define BC_ERR_IDX_VM (0)
 #define BC_ERR_IDX_LEX (1)
 #define BC_ERR_IDX_PARSE (2)
 #define BC_ERR_IDX_MATH (3)
 #define BC_ERR_IDX_EXEC (4)
-#define BC_ERR_IDX_POSIX (5)
+#define BC_ERR_IDX_VEC (5)
+#define BC_ERR_IDX_POSIX (6)
 
-#define BC_VEC_INITIAL_CAP (32)
+#define BC_VEC_START_CAP (1<<5)
 
-typedef void (*BcVecFreeFunc)(void*);
-typedef int (*BcVecCmpFunc)(void*, void*);
+typedef void (*BcVecFree)(void*);
+typedef int (*BcVecCmp)(const void*, const void*);
 
 typedef struct BcVec {
-
-  uint8_t *array;
+  char *v;
   size_t len;
   size_t cap;
   size_t size;
-
-  BcVecFreeFunc dtor;
-
+  BcVecFree dtor;
 } BcVec;
 
-typedef struct BcVecO {
-
-  BcVec vec;
-  BcVecCmpFunc cmp;
+#define bc_vec_pop(v) (bc_vec_npop((v), 1))
+#define bc_vec_top(v) (bc_vec_item_rev((v), 0))
 
-} BcVecO;
+#define bc_map_init(v) (bc_vec_init((v), sizeof(BcId), bc_id_free))
 
-#define bc_veco_item(v, idx) (bc_vec_item(&(v)->vec, (idx)))
-#define bc_veco_free(v) (bc_vec_free(&(v)->vec))
+#define BC_READ_BIN_CHAR(c) ((((c) < ' ' && !isspace((c))) || (c) > '~'))
 
-typedef signed char BcDigit;
+typedef signed char BcDig;
 
 typedef struct BcNum {
-
-  BcDigit *num;
+  BcDig *restrict num;
   size_t rdx;
   size_t len;
   size_t cap;
   int neg;
-
 } BcNum;
 
-#define BC_NUM_MIN_BASE (2)
-#define BC_NUM_MAX_INPUT_BASE (16)
+#define BC_NUM_MIN_BASE ((unsigned long) 2)
+#define BC_NUM_MAX_IBASE ((unsigned long) 16)
 #define BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE (16)
-
 #define BC_NUM_PRINT_WIDTH (69)
 
-#define BC_NUM_ONE(n) ((n)->len == 1 && (n)->rdx == 0 && (n)->num[0] == 1)
+#define BC_NUM_KARATSUBA_LEN (32)
 
-typedef BcStatus (*BcNumUnaryFunc)(BcNum*, BcNum*, size_t);
-typedef BcStatus (*BcNumBinaryFunc)(BcNum*, BcNum*, BcNum*, size_t);
-typedef BcStatus (*BcNumDigitFunc)(size_t, size_t, int, size_t*, size_t);
-
-BcStatus bc_num_init(BcNum *n, size_t request);
-BcStatus bc_num_expand(BcNum *n, size_t request);
-BcStatus bc_num_copy(BcNum *d, BcNum *s);
+#define BC_NUM_NEG(n, neg) ((((ssize_t) (n)) ^ -((ssize_t) (neg))) + (neg))
+#define BC_NUM_ONE(n) ((n)->len == 1 && (n)->rdx == 0 && (n)->num[0] == 1)
+#define BC_NUM_INT(n) ((n)->len - (n)->rdx)
+#define BC_NUM_AREQ(a, b) \
+  (maxof((a)->rdx, (b)->rdx) + maxof(BC_NUM_INT(a), BC_NUM_INT(b)) + 1)
+#define BC_NUM_MREQ(a, b, scale) \
+  (BC_NUM_INT(a) + BC_NUM_INT(b) + maxof((scale), (a)->rdx + (b)->rdx) + 1)
+
+typedef BcStatus (*BcNumBinaryOp)(BcNum*, BcNum*, BcNum*, size_t);
+typedef void (*BcNumDigitOp)(size_t, size_t, int, size_t*, size_t);
+
+void bc_num_init(BcNum *n, size_t req);
+void bc_num_expand(BcNum *n, size_t req);
+void bc_num_copy(BcNum *d, BcNum *s);
 void bc_num_free(void *num);
 
 BcStatus bc_num_ulong(BcNum *n, unsigned long *result);
 BcStatus bc_num_ulong2num(BcNum *n, unsigned long val);
 
-BcStatus bc_num_add(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *result, size_t scale);
-BcStatus bc_num_sub(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *result, size_t scale);
-BcStatus bc_num_mul(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *result, size_t scale);
-BcStatus bc_num_div(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *result, size_t scale);
-BcStatus bc_num_mod(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *result, size_t scale);
-BcStatus bc_num_pow(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *result, size_t scale);
-
-ssize_t bc_num_cmp(BcNum *a, BcNum *b);
-
-void bc_num_zero(BcNum *n);
-void bc_num_one(BcNum *n);
-void bc_num_ten(BcNum *n);
+BcStatus bc_num_add(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, size_t scale);
+BcStatus bc_num_sub(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, size_t scale);
+BcStatus bc_num_mul(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, size_t scale);
+BcStatus bc_num_div(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, size_t scale);
+BcStatus bc_num_mod(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, size_t scale);
+BcStatus bc_num_pow(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, size_t scale);
+BcStatus bc_num_sqrt(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, size_t scale);
+BcStatus bc_num_divmod(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, BcNum *d, size_t scale);
 
 typedef enum BcInst {
 
@@ -221,113 +221,104 @@ typedef enum BcInst {
   BC_INST_ASSIGN_MINUS,
   BC_INST_ASSIGN,
 
-  BC_INST_PUSH_NUM,
-  BC_INST_PUSH_VAR,
-  BC_INST_PUSH_ARRAY_ELEM,
-
-  BC_INST_CALL,
+  BC_INST_NUM,
+  BC_INST_VAR,
+  BC_INST_ARRAY_ELEM,
+  BC_INST_ARRAY,
 
   BC_INST_SCALE_FUNC,
-  BC_INST_PUSH_IBASE,
-  BC_INST_PUSH_SCALE,
-  BC_INST_PUSH_LAST,
+  BC_INST_IBASE,
+  BC_INST_SCALE,
+  BC_INST_LAST,
   BC_INST_LENGTH,
   BC_INST_READ,
-  BC_INST_PUSH_OBASE,
+  BC_INST_OBASE,
   BC_INST_SQRT,
 
   BC_INST_PRINT,
-  BC_INST_PRINT_EXPR,
+  BC_INST_PRINT_POP,
   BC_INST_STR,
   BC_INST_PRINT_STR,
 
   BC_INST_JUMP,
   BC_INST_JUMP_ZERO,
 
-  BC_INST_POP,
+  BC_INST_CALL,
 
-  BC_INST_RETURN,
-  BC_INST_RETURN_ZERO,
+  BC_INST_RET,
+  BC_INST_RET0,
 
   BC_INST_HALT,
 
-} BcInst;
+  BC_INST_POP,
+  BC_INST_POP_EXEC,
 
-typedef struct BcEntry {
+} BcInst;
 
+typedef struct BcId {
   char *name;
   size_t idx;
-
-} BcEntry;
-
-typedef struct BcAuto {
-
-  char *name;
-  int var;
-
-} BcAuto;
+} BcId;
 
 typedef struct BcFunc {
-
   BcVec code;
   BcVec labels;
   size_t nparams;
   BcVec autos;
-
 } BcFunc;
 
 typedef enum BcResultType {
 
   BC_RESULT_TEMP,
 
-  BC_RESULT_CONSTANT,
-
-  BC_RESULT_ARRAY_AUTO,
-  BC_RESULT_VAR_AUTO,
-
   BC_RESULT_VAR,
+  BC_RESULT_ARRAY_ELEM,
   BC_RESULT_ARRAY,
 
+  BC_RESULT_STR,
+
+  BC_RESULT_IBASE,
   BC_RESULT_SCALE,
   BC_RESULT_LAST,
-  BC_RESULT_IBASE,
-  BC_RESULT_OBASE,
 
+  // These are between to calculate ibase, obase, and last from instructions.
+  BC_RESULT_CONSTANT,
   BC_RESULT_ONE,
 
-} BcResultType;
-
-typedef struct BcResult {
-
-  BcResultType type;
-
-  union {
+  BC_RESULT_OBASE,
 
-    BcNum num;
-    BcVec array;
-    BcEntry id;
+} BcResultType;
 
-  } data;
+typedef union BcResultData {
+  BcNum n;
+  BcVec v;
+  BcId id;
+} BcResultData;
 
+typedef struct BcResult {
+  BcResultType t;
+  BcResultData d;
 } BcResult;
 
 typedef struct BcInstPtr {
-
   size_t func;
   size_t idx;
   size_t len;
-
 } BcInstPtr;
 
-void bc_auto_free(void *auto1);
+void bc_array_expand(BcVec *a, size_t len);
+int bc_id_cmp(const void *e1, const void *e2);
+
+// BC_LEX_NEG is not used in lexing; it is only for parsing.
+typedef enum BcLexType {
 
-// BC_LEX_OP_NEGATE is not used in lexing; it is only for parsing.
-typedef enum BcLexToken {
+  BC_LEX_EOF,
+  BC_LEX_INVALID,
 
   BC_LEX_OP_INC,
   BC_LEX_OP_DEC,
 
-  BC_LEX_OP_NEG,
+  BC_LEX_NEG,
 
   BC_LEX_OP_POWER,
   BC_LEX_OP_MULTIPLY,
@@ -336,12 +327,12 @@ typedef enum BcLexToken {
   BC_LEX_OP_PLUS,
   BC_LEX_OP_MINUS,
 
-  BC_LEX_OP_REL_EQUAL,
-  BC_LEX_OP_REL_LESS_EQ,
-  BC_LEX_OP_REL_GREATER_EQ,
-  BC_LEX_OP_REL_NOT_EQ,
-  BC_LEX_OP_REL_LESS,
-  BC_LEX_OP_REL_GREATER,
+  BC_LEX_OP_REL_EQ,
+  BC_LEX_OP_REL_LE,
+  BC_LEX_OP_REL_GE,
+  BC_LEX_OP_REL_NE,
+  BC_LEX_OP_REL_LT,
+  BC_LEX_OP_REL_GT,
 
   BC_LEX_OP_BOOL_NOT,
   BC_LEX_OP_BOOL_OR,
@@ -355,22 +346,21 @@ typedef enum BcLexToken {
   BC_LEX_OP_ASSIGN_MINUS,
   BC_LEX_OP_ASSIGN,
 
-  BC_LEX_NEWLINE,
-
+  BC_LEX_NLINE,
   BC_LEX_WHITESPACE,
 
-  BC_LEX_LEFT_PAREN,
-  BC_LEX_RIGHT_PAREN,
+  BC_LEX_LPAREN,
+  BC_LEX_RPAREN,
 
-  BC_LEX_LEFT_BRACKET,
+  BC_LEX_LBRACKET,
   BC_LEX_COMMA,
-  BC_LEX_RIGHT_BRACKET,
+  BC_LEX_RBRACKET,
 
-  BC_LEX_LEFT_BRACE,
-  BC_LEX_SEMICOLON,
-  BC_LEX_RIGHT_BRACE,
+  BC_LEX_LBRACE,
+  BC_LEX_SCOLON,
+  BC_LEX_RBRACE,
 
-  BC_LEX_STRING,
+  BC_LEX_STR,
   BC_LEX_NAME,
   BC_LEX_NUMBER,
 
@@ -395,162 +385,100 @@ typedef enum BcLexToken {
   BC_LEX_KEY_SQRT,
   BC_LEX_KEY_WHILE,
 
-  BC_LEX_EOF,
-  BC_LEX_INVALID,
-
-} BcLexToken;
+} BcLexType;
 
 typedef struct BcLex {
 
-  const char *buffer;
-  size_t idx;
+  const char *buf;
+  size_t i;
   size_t line;
-  int newline;
-  const char *file;
+  const char *f;
   size_t len;
+  int newline;
 
   struct {
-    BcLexToken type;
-    char *string;
-  } token;
+    BcLexType t;
+    BcLexType last;
+    BcVec v;
+  } t;
 
 } BcLex;
 
-typedef struct BcLexKeyword {
-
-  const char name[9];
-  const char len;
-  const int posix;
-
-} BcLexKeyword;
-
-#define BC_LEX_KW_ENTRY(a, b, c) { .name = a, .len = (b), .posix = (c) }
-
-#define BC_PROGRAM_BUF_SIZE (1024)
-
-typedef struct BcProgram {
-
-  BcVec ip_stack;
-
-  size_t line_len;
+#define BC_PARSE_STREND ((char) UCHAR_MAX)
 
-  size_t scale;
+#define bc_parse_push(p, i) (bc_vec_pushByte(&(p)->func->code, (char) (i)))
+#define bc_parse_updateFunc(p, f) \
+  ((p)->func = bc_vec_item(&(p)->prog->fns, ((p)->fidx = (f))))
 
-  BcNum ibase;
-  size_t ibase_t;
-  BcNum obase;
-  size_t obase_t;
+#define BC_PARSE_REL (1<<0)
+#define BC_PARSE_PRINT (1<<1)
+#define BC_PARSE_NOCALL (1<<2)
+#define BC_PARSE_NOREAD (1<<3)
+#define BC_PARSE_ARRAY (1<<4)
 
-  BcVec results;
-  BcVec stack;
-
-  BcVec funcs;
-  BcVecO func_map;
-
-  BcVec vars;
-  BcVecO var_map;
-
-  BcVec arrays;
-  BcVecO array_map;
-
-  BcVec strings;
-  BcVec constants;
-
-  const char *file;
-
-  BcNum last;
+#define BC_PARSE_TOP_FLAG_PTR(parse) ((uint8_t*) bc_vec_top(&(parse)->flags))
+#define BC_PARSE_TOP_FLAG(parse) (*(BC_PARSE_TOP_FLAG_PTR(parse)))
 
-  BcNum zero;
-  BcNum one;
-
-  size_t nchars;
-
-} BcProgram;
-
-#define BC_PROGRAM_MAIN (0)
-#define BC_PROGRAM_READ (1)
-
-#define BC_PROGRAM_SEARCH_VAR (1<<0)
-#define BC_PROGRAM_SEARCH_ARRAY (1<<1)
-
-typedef unsigned long (*BcProgramBuiltInFunc)(BcNum*);
-typedef void (*BcNumInitFunc)(BcNum*);
-
-BcStatus bc_program_addFunc(BcProgram *p, char *name, size_t *idx);
-BcStatus bc_program_reset(BcProgram *p, BcStatus status);
-
-BcStatus bc_program_exec(BcProgram *p);
-
-#define BC_PARSE_TOP_FLAG_PTR(parse)  ((uint8_t*) bc_vec_top(&(parse)->flags))
-
-#define BC_PARSE_TOP_FLAG(parse)  (*(BC_PARSE_TOP_FLAG_PTR(parse)))
-
-#define BC_PARSE_FLAG_FUNC_INNER (0x01)
-
-#define BC_PARSE_FUNC_INNER(parse)  \
+#define BC_PARSE_FLAG_FUNC_INNER (1<<0)
+#define BC_PARSE_FUNC_INNER(parse) \
   (BC_PARSE_TOP_FLAG(parse) & BC_PARSE_FLAG_FUNC_INNER)
 
-#define BC_PARSE_FLAG_FUNC (0x02)
-
-#define BC_PARSE_FUNC(parse)  \
+#define BC_PARSE_FLAG_FUNC (1<<1)
+#define BC_PARSE_FUNC(parse) \
   (BC_PARSE_TOP_FLAG(parse) & BC_PARSE_FLAG_FUNC)
 
-#define BC_PARSE_FLAG_BODY (0x04)
-
-#define BC_PARSE_BODY(parse)  \
+#define BC_PARSE_FLAG_BODY (1<<2)
+#define BC_PARSE_BODY(parse) \
   (BC_PARSE_TOP_FLAG(parse) & BC_PARSE_FLAG_BODY)
 
-#define BC_PARSE_FLAG_LOOP (0x08)
-
-#define BC_PARSE_LOOP(parse)  \
+#define BC_PARSE_FLAG_LOOP (1<<3)
+#define BC_PARSE_LOOP(parse) \
   (BC_PARSE_TOP_FLAG(parse) & BC_PARSE_FLAG_LOOP)
 
-#define BC_PARSE_FLAG_LOOP_INNER (0x10)
-
+#define BC_PARSE_FLAG_LOOP_INNER (1<<4)
 #define BC_PARSE_LOOP_INNER(parse) \
   (BC_PARSE_TOP_FLAG(parse) & BC_PARSE_FLAG_LOOP_INNER)
 
-#define BC_PARSE_FLAG_IF (0x20)
-
-#define BC_PARSE_IF(parse)  \
+#define BC_PARSE_FLAG_IF (1<<5)
+#define BC_PARSE_IF(parse) \
   (BC_PARSE_TOP_FLAG(parse) & BC_PARSE_FLAG_IF)
 
-#define BC_PARSE_FLAG_ELSE (0x40)
-
-#define BC_PARSE_ELSE(parse)  \
+#define BC_PARSE_FLAG_ELSE (1<<6)
+#define BC_PARSE_ELSE(parse) \
   (BC_PARSE_TOP_FLAG(parse) & BC_PARSE_FLAG_ELSE)
 
-#define BC_PARSE_FLAG_IF_END (0x80)
-
-#define BC_PARSE_IF_END(parse)  \
+#define BC_PARSE_FLAG_IF_END (1<<7)
+#define BC_PARSE_IF_END(parse) \
   (BC_PARSE_TOP_FLAG(parse) & BC_PARSE_FLAG_IF_END)
 
-#define BC_PARSE_CAN_EXEC(parse)  \
+#define BC_PARSE_CAN_EXEC(parse) \
   (!(BC_PARSE_TOP_FLAG(parse) & (BC_PARSE_FLAG_FUNC_INNER |  \
                                  BC_PARSE_FLAG_FUNC |        \
-                                 BC_PARSE_FLAG_BODY |  \
+                                 BC_PARSE_FLAG_BODY |        \
                                  BC_PARSE_FLAG_LOOP |        \
                                  BC_PARSE_FLAG_LOOP_INNER |  \
                                  BC_PARSE_FLAG_IF |          \
                                  BC_PARSE_FLAG_ELSE |        \
                                  BC_PARSE_FLAG_IF_END)))
 
-// We can calculate the conversion between tokens and exprs
-// by subtracting the position of the first operator in the
-// lex enum and adding the position of the first in the expr
-// enum. Note: This only works for binary operators.
-#define BC_PARSE_TOKEN_TO_INST(type) ((type) - BC_LEX_OP_NEG + BC_INST_NEG)
-
 typedef struct BcOp {
-
-  uint8_t prec;
+  char prec;
   int left;
-
 } BcOp;
 
+typedef struct BcParseNext {
+  uint32_t len;
+  BcLexType tokens[4];
+} BcParseNext;
+
+#define BC_PARSE_NEXT_TOKENS(...) .tokens = { __VA_ARGS__ }
+#define BC_PARSE_NEXT(a, ...) { .len = (a), BC_PARSE_NEXT_TOKENS(__VA_ARGS__) }
+
+struct BcProgram;
+
 typedef struct BcParse {
 
-  BcLex lex;
+  BcLex l;
 
   BcVec flags;
 
@@ -559,82 +487,164 @@ typedef struct BcParse {
 
   BcVec ops;
 
-  BcProgram *prog;
-  size_t func;
-
-  size_t num_braces;
+  struct BcProgram *prog;
+  BcFunc *func;
+  size_t fidx;
 
+  size_t nbraces;
   int auto_part;
 
 } BcParse;
 
-#define BC_PARSE_EXPR_POSIX_REL (1<<0)
-#define BC_PARSE_EXPR_PRINT (1<<1)
-#define BC_PARSE_EXPR_NOCALL (1<<2)
-#define BC_PARSE_EXPR_NOREAD (1<<3)
+typedef struct BcLexKeyword {
+  const char name[9];
+  const char len;
+  const int posix;
+} BcLexKeyword;
+
+#define BC_LEX_KW_ENTRY(a, b, c) { .name = a, .len = (b), .posix = (c) }
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_expr(BcParse *p, BcVec *code, uint8_t flags);
+BcStatus bc_lex_token(BcLex *l);
 
-#define maxof_BASE (999)
-#define maxof_DIM (INT_MAX)
-#define maxof_SCALE (LONG_MAX)
-#define maxof_STRING (INT_MAX)
+#define BC_PARSE_TOP_OP(p) (*((BcLexType*) bc_vec_top(&(p)->ops)))
+#define BC_PARSE_LEAF(p, rparen) \
+  (((p) >= BC_INST_NUM && (p) <= BC_INST_SQRT) || (rparen) || \
+  (p) == BC_INST_INC_POST || (p) == BC_INST_DEC_POST)
 
-#define BC_BUF_SIZE (1024)
+// We can calculate the conversion between tokens and exprs by subtracting the
+// position of the first operator in the lex enum and adding the position of the
+// first in the expr enum. Note: This only works for binary operators.
+#define BC_PARSE_TOKEN_INST(t) ((char) ((t) - BC_LEX_NEG + BC_INST_NEG))
 
-typedef struct Bc {
+BcStatus bc_parse_parse(BcParse *p);
+BcStatus bc_parse_expr(BcParse *p, uint8_t flags, BcParseNext next);
 
-  BcParse parse;
+typedef struct BcProgram {
+
+  size_t len;
+  size_t scale;
+
+  BcNum ib;
+  size_t ib_t;
+  BcNum ob;
+  size_t ob_t;
+
+  BcNum hexb;
+
+  BcVec results;
+  BcVec stack;
+
+  BcVec fns;
+  BcVec fn_map;
+
+  BcVec vars;
+  BcVec var_map;
+
+  BcVec arrs;
+  BcVec arr_map;
+
+  BcVec strs;
+  BcVec consts;
+
+  const char *file;
+
+  BcNum last;
+  BcNum zero;
+  BcNum one;
+
+  size_t nchars;
+
+} BcProgram;
+
+#define BC_PROG_STACK(s, n) ((s)->len >= ((size_t) n))
+
+#define BC_PROG_MAIN (0)
+#define BC_PROG_READ (1)
+
+#define BC_PROG_STR(n) (!(n)->num && !(n)->cap)
+#define BC_PROG_NUM(r, n) \
+  ((r)->t != BC_RESULT_ARRAY && (r)->t != BC_RESULT_STR && !BC_PROG_STR(n))
+
+typedef unsigned long (*BcProgramBuiltIn)(BcNum*);
+
+void bc_program_addFunc(BcProgram *p, char *name, size_t *idx);
+BcStatus bc_program_reset(BcProgram *p, BcStatus s);
+BcStatus bc_program_exec(BcProgram *p);
+
+#define BC_MAX_OBASE ((unsigned long) 999)
+#define BC_MAX_DIM ((unsigned long) INT_MAX)
+#define BC_MAX_SCALE ((unsigned long) UINT_MAX)
+#define BC_MAX_STRING ((unsigned long) UINT_MAX - 1)
+#define BC_MAX_NAME BC_MAX_STRING
+#define BC_MAX_NUM BC_MAX_STRING
+#define BC_MAX_EXP ((unsigned long) LONG_MAX)
+#define BC_MAX_VARS ((unsigned long) SIZE_MAX - 1)
+
+typedef struct BcVm {
+
+  BcParse prs;
   BcProgram prog;
 
-} Bc;
+} BcVm;
+
+BcStatus bc_vm_posixError(BcStatus s, const char *file,
+                          size_t line, const char *msg);
 
-BcStatus bc_error(BcStatus st);
-BcStatus bc_error_file(BcStatus st, const char *file, size_t line);
+void bc_vm_exit(BcStatus s);
+void bc_vm_printf(FILE *restrict f, const char *fmt, ...);
+void bc_vm_puts(const char *str, FILE *restrict f);
+void bc_vm_putchar(int c);
+void bc_vm_fflush(FILE *restrict f);
 
-BcStatus bc_posix_error(BcStatus s, const char *file,
-                        size_t line, const char *msg);
+// clang-format off
 
-BcStatus bc_io_fread(const char *path, char **buf);
+const char bc_sig_msg[] = "\ninterrupt (type \"quit\" to exit)\n";
 
-const char *bc_header =
-  "bc 1.0\n"
-  "bc copyright (c) 2018 Gavin D. Howard and contributors\n"
+const char bc_copyright[] =
+  "Copyright (c) 2018 Gavin D. Howard and contributors\n"
   "Report bugs at: https://github.com/gavinhoward/bc\n\n"
-  "This is free software with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.\n\n";
+  "This is free software with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.\n";
 
-const char bc_err_fmt[] = "\n%s error: %s\n\n";
+const char bc_err_fmt[] = "\n%s error: %s\n";
+const char bc_warn_fmt[] = "\n%s warning: %s\n";
+const char bc_err_line[] = ":%zu\n\n";
 
 const char *bc_errs[] = {
-  "bc",
+  "VM",
   "Lex",
   "Parse",
   "Math",
   "Runtime",
+  "Vector",
   "POSIX",
 };
 
-const uint8_t bc_err_indices[] = {
-  BC_ERR_IDX_BC, BC_ERR_IDX_BC, BC_ERR_IDX_BC, BC_ERR_IDX_BC,
+const uint8_t bc_err_ids[] = {
+  BC_ERR_IDX_VM, BC_ERR_IDX_VM, BC_ERR_IDX_VM, BC_ERR_IDX_VM, BC_ERR_IDX_VM,
   BC_ERR_IDX_LEX, BC_ERR_IDX_LEX, BC_ERR_IDX_LEX, BC_ERR_IDX_LEX,
   BC_ERR_IDX_PARSE, BC_ERR_IDX_PARSE, BC_ERR_IDX_PARSE, BC_ERR_IDX_PARSE,
-  BC_ERR_IDX_PARSE, BC_ERR_IDX_PARSE, BC_ERR_IDX_PARSE,
+  BC_ERR_IDX_PARSE, BC_ERR_IDX_PARSE, BC_ERR_IDX_PARSE, BC_ERR_IDX_PARSE,
   BC_ERR_IDX_MATH, BC_ERR_IDX_MATH, BC_ERR_IDX_MATH, BC_ERR_IDX_MATH,
-  BC_ERR_IDX_MATH, BC_ERR_IDX_MATH,
+  BC_ERR_IDX_MATH,
+  BC_ERR_IDX_EXEC, BC_ERR_IDX_EXEC, BC_ERR_IDX_EXEC, BC_ERR_IDX_EXEC,
   BC_ERR_IDX_EXEC, BC_ERR_IDX_EXEC, BC_ERR_IDX_EXEC, BC_ERR_IDX_EXEC,
   BC_ERR_IDX_EXEC, BC_ERR_IDX_EXEC, BC_ERR_IDX_EXEC, BC_ERR_IDX_EXEC,
   BC_ERR_IDX_EXEC, BC_ERR_IDX_EXEC, BC_ERR_IDX_EXEC, BC_ERR_IDX_EXEC,
   BC_ERR_IDX_EXEC,
+  BC_ERR_IDX_VEC, BC_ERR_IDX_VEC,
   BC_ERR_IDX_POSIX, BC_ERR_IDX_POSIX, BC_ERR_IDX_POSIX, BC_ERR_IDX_POSIX,
   BC_ERR_IDX_POSIX, BC_ERR_IDX_POSIX, BC_ERR_IDX_POSIX, BC_ERR_IDX_POSIX,
   BC_ERR_IDX_POSIX, BC_ERR_IDX_POSIX, BC_ERR_IDX_POSIX, BC_ERR_IDX_POSIX,
+  BC_ERR_IDX_VM, BC_ERR_IDX_VM, BC_ERR_IDX_VM,
 };
 
-const char *bc_err_descs[] = {
+const char *bc_err_msgs[] = {
+
   NULL,
   "memory allocation error",
   "I/O error",
-  "file is not text",
+  "file is not text:",
+  "path is a directory:",
 
   "bad character",
   "string end could not be found",
@@ -643,33 +653,40 @@ const char *bc_err_descs[] = {
 
   "bad token",
   "bad expression",
+  "empty expression",
   "bad print statement",
   "bad function definition",
-  "bad assignment: left must be scale, ibase, "
+  "bad assignment: left side must be scale, ibase, "
     "obase, last, var, or array element",
   "no auto variable found",
   "function parameter or auto var has the same name as another",
+  "block end could not be found",
 
   "negative number",
   "non integer number",
   "overflow",
   "divide by zero",
-  "negative square root",
   "bad number string",
 
-  "could not open file",
+  "could not open file:",
   "mismatched parameters",
   "undefined function",
-  "file is not executable",
-  "could not install signal handler",
-  "bad scale; must be [0, BC_SCALE_MAX]",
-  "bad ibase; must be [2, 16]",
-  "bad obase; must be [2, BC_BASE_MAX]",
+  "file is not executable:",
+  "number too long: must be [1, BC_NUM_MAX]",
+  "name too long: must be [1, BC_NAME_MAX]",
   "string too long: must be [1, BC_STRING_MAX]",
   "array too long; must be [1, BC_DIM_MAX]",
+  "bad ibase; must be [2, 16]",
+  "bad scale; must be [0, BC_SCALE_MAX]",
   "bad read() expression",
   "read() call inside of a read() call",
   "variable is wrong type",
+  "bad obase; must be [2, BC_BASE_MAX]",
+  "signal caught and not handled",
+  "stack has too few elements",
+
+  "index is out of bounds",
+  "item already exists",
 
   "POSIX only allows one character names; the following is bad:",
   "POSIX does not allow '#' script comments",
@@ -683,14 +700,13 @@ const char *bc_err_descs[] = {
   "POSIX does not allow an empty condition expression in a for loop",
   "POSIX does not allow an empty update expression in a for loop",
   "POSIX requires the left brace be on the same line as the function header",
-};
 
-const char bc_sig_msg[34] = "\ninterrupt (type \"quit\" to exit)\n";
+};
 
-const char bc_lang_func_main[7] = "(main)";
-const char bc_lang_func_read[7] = "(read)";
+const char bc_func_main[] = "(main)";
+const char bc_func_read[] = "(read)";
 
-const BcLexKeyword bc_lex_keywords[20] = {
+const BcLexKeyword bc_lex_kws[20] = {
   BC_LEX_KW_ENTRY("auto", 4, 1),
   BC_LEX_KW_ENTRY("break", 5, 1),
   BC_LEX_KW_ENTRY("continue", 8, 0),
@@ -713,16 +729,15 @@ const BcLexKeyword bc_lex_keywords[20] = {
   BC_LEX_KW_ENTRY("while", 5, 1),
 };
 
-const char bc_num_hex_digits[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
-
 // This is an array that corresponds to token types. An entry is
 // 1 if the token is valid in an expression, 0 otherwise.
-const int bc_parse_token_exprs[] = {
-  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
-  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0,
-  0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
-  1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1,
-  1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0,
+const int bc_parse_exprs[] = {
+  0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+  1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1,
+  1, 0,
 };
 
 // This is an array of data for operators that correspond to token types.
@@ -733,56 +748,72 @@ const BcOp bc_parse_ops[] = {
   { 3, 1 }, { 3, 1 }, { 3, 1 },
   { 4, 1 }, { 4, 1 },
   { 6, 1 }, { 6, 1 }, { 6, 1 }, { 6, 1 }, { 6, 1 }, { 6, 1 },
-  { 7, 0 },
-  { 8, 1 }, { 8, 1 },
-  { 5, 0 }, { 5, 0 }, { 5, 0 }, { 5, 0 }, { 5, 0 },  { 5, 0 }, { 5, 0 },
+  { 1, 0 },
+  { 7, 1 }, { 7, 1 },
+  { 5, 0 }, { 5, 0 }, { 5, 0 }, { 5, 0 }, { 5, 0 },
+  { 5, 0 }, { 5, 0 },
 };
 
-const char bc_program_byte_fmt[] = "%02x";
+// These identify what tokens can come after expressions in certain cases.
+const BcParseNext bc_parse_next_expr =
+  BC_PARSE_NEXT(4, BC_LEX_NLINE, BC_LEX_SCOLON, BC_LEX_RBRACE, BC_LEX_EOF);
+const BcParseNext bc_parse_next_param =
+  BC_PARSE_NEXT(2, BC_LEX_RPAREN, BC_LEX_COMMA);
+const BcParseNext bc_parse_next_print =
+  BC_PARSE_NEXT(4, BC_LEX_COMMA, BC_LEX_NLINE, BC_LEX_SCOLON, BC_LEX_EOF);
+const BcParseNext bc_parse_next_rel = BC_PARSE_NEXT(1, BC_LEX_RPAREN);
+const BcParseNext bc_parse_next_elem = BC_PARSE_NEXT(1, BC_LEX_RBRACKET);
+const BcParseNext bc_parse_next_for = BC_PARSE_NEXT(1, BC_LEX_SCOLON);
+const BcParseNext bc_parse_next_read =
+  BC_PARSE_NEXT(2, BC_LEX_NLINE, BC_LEX_EOF);
+
+const char bc_num_hex_digits[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
 
-const BcNumBinaryFunc bc_program_math_ops[] = {
+const BcNumBinaryOp bc_program_ops[] = {
   bc_num_pow, bc_num_mul, bc_num_div, bc_num_mod, bc_num_add, bc_num_sub,
 };
 
 const char bc_program_stdin_name[] = "<stdin>";
-const char bc_program_ready_prompt[] = "ready for more input\n";
-const char *bc_lib_name = "lib.bc";
+const char bc_program_ready_msg[] = "ready for more input\n";
+
+// clang-format on
+const char *bc_lib_name = "gen/lib.bc";
 
 const char bc_lib[] = {
   115,99,97,108,101,61,50,48,10,100,101,102,105,110,101,32,101,40,120,41,123,
   10,9,97,117,116,111,32,98,44,115,44,110,44,114,44,100,44,105,44,112,44,102,
   44,118,10,9,98,61,105,98,97,115,101,10,9,105,98,97,115,101,61,65,10,9,105,102,
   40,120,60,48,41,123,10,9,9,110,61,49,10,9,9,120,61,45,120,10,9,125,10,9,115,
-  61,115,99,97,108,101,10,9,114,61,115,43,55,43,48,46,52,53,42,120,10,9,115,99,
+  61,115,99,97,108,101,10,9,114,61,54,43,115,43,48,46,52,52,42,120,10,9,115,99,
   97,108,101,61,115,99,97,108,101,40,120,41,43,49,10,9,119,104,105,108,101,40,
   120,62,49,41,123,10,9,9,100,43,61,49,10,9,9,120,47,61,50,10,9,9,115,99,97,108,
   101,43,61,49,10,9,125,10,9,115,99,97,108,101,61,114,10,9,114,61,120,43,49,10,
   9,112,61,120,10,9,102,61,118,61,49,10,9,102,111,114,40,105,61,50,59,118,33,
-  61,48,59,43,43,105,41,123,10,9,9,112,42,61,120,59,10,9,9,102,42,61,105,10,9,
-  9,118,61,112,47,102,10,9,9,114,43,61,118,10,9,125,10,9,119,104,105,108,101,
-  40,40,102,45,45,41,33,61,48,41,114,42,61,114,10,9,115,99,97,108,101,61,115,
-  10,9,105,98,97,115,101,61,98,10,9,105,102,40,109,33,61,48,41,114,101,116,117,
-  114,110,40,49,47,114,41,10,9,114,101,116,117,114,110,40,114,47,49,41,10,125,
-  10,100,101,102,105,110,101,32,108,40,120,41,123,10,9,97,117,116,111,32,98,44,
-  115,44,114,44,112,44,97,44,113,44,105,44,118,10,9,98,61,105,98,97,115,101,10,
-  9,105,98,97,115,101,61,65,10,9,105,102,40,120,60,61,48,41,123,10,9,9,114,61,
-  40,49,45,49,48,94,115,99,97,108,101,41,47,49,10,9,9,105,98,97,115,101,61,98,
-  10,9,9,114,101,116,117,114,110,40,114,41,10,9,125,10,9,115,61,115,99,97,108,
-  101,10,9,115,99,97,108,101,43,61,55,10,9,112,61,50,10,9,119,104,105,108,101,
-  40,120,62,61,50,41,123,10,9,9,112,42,61,50,10,9,9,120,61,115,113,114,116,40,
-  120,41,10,9,125,10,9,119,104,105,108,101,40,120,60,61,48,46,53,41,123,10,9,
-  9,112,42,61,50,10,9,9,120,61,115,113,114,116,40,120,41,10,9,125,10,9,114,61,
-  97,61,40,120,45,49,41,47,40,120,43,49,41,10,9,113,61,97,42,97,10,9,118,61,49,
-  10,9,102,111,114,40,105,61,51,59,118,33,61,48,59,105,43,61,50,41,123,10,9,9,
-  110,42,61,109,10,9,9,118,61,110,47,105,10,9,9,114,43,61,118,10,9,125,10,9,114,
-  42,61,112,10,9,115,99,97,108,101,61,115,10,9,105,98,97,115,101,61,98,10,9,114,
-  101,116,117,114,110,40,114,47,49,41,10,125,10,100,101,102,105,110,101,32,115,
-  40,120,41,123,10,9,97,117,116,111,32,98,44,115,44,114,44,110,44,97,44,113,44,
-  105,10,9,98,61,105,98,97,115,101,10,9,105,98,97,115,101,61,65,10,9,115,61,115,
-  99,97,108,101,10,9,115,99,97,108,101,61,49,46,51,42,115,43,50,10,9,97,61,97,
-  40,49,41,10,9,105,102,40,120,60,48,41,123,10,9,9,110,61,49,10,9,9,120,61,45,
-  120,10,9,125,10,9,115,99,97,108,101,61,48,10,9,113,61,40,120,47,97,43,50,41,
-  47,52,10,9,120,45,61,52,42,113,42,97,10,9,105,102,40,113,37,50,33,61,48,41,
+  61,48,59,43,43,105,41,123,10,9,9,112,42,61,120,10,9,9,102,42,61,105,10,9,9,
+  118,61,112,47,102,10,9,9,114,43,61,118,10,9,125,10,9,119,104,105,108,101,40,
+  40,100,45,45,41,33,61,48,41,114,42,61,114,10,9,115,99,97,108,101,61,115,10,
+  9,105,98,97,115,101,61,98,10,9,105,102,40,110,33,61,48,41,114,101,116,117,114,
+  110,40,49,47,114,41,10,9,114,101,116,117,114,110,40,114,47,49,41,10,125,10,
+  100,101,102,105,110,101,32,108,40,120,41,123,10,9,97,117,116,111,32,98,44,115,
+  44,114,44,112,44,97,44,113,44,105,44,118,10,9,98,61,105,98,97,115,101,10,9,
+  105,98,97,115,101,61,65,10,9,105,102,40,120,60,61,48,41,123,10,9,9,114,61,40,
+  49,45,49,48,94,115,99,97,108,101,41,47,49,10,9,9,105,98,97,115,101,61,98,10,
+  9,9,114,101,116,117,114,110,40,114,41,10,9,125,10,9,115,61,115,99,97,108,101,
+  10,9,115,99,97,108,101,43,61,54,10,9,112,61,50,10,9,119,104,105,108,101,40,
+  120,62,61,50,41,123,10,9,9,112,42,61,50,10,9,9,120,61,115,113,114,116,40,120,
+  41,10,9,125,10,9,119,104,105,108,101,40,120,60,61,48,46,53,41,123,10,9,9,112,
+  42,61,50,10,9,9,120,61,115,113,114,116,40,120,41,10,9,125,10,9,114,61,97,61,
+  40,120,45,49,41,47,40,120,43,49,41,10,9,113,61,97,42,97,10,9,118,61,49,10,9,
+  102,111,114,40,105,61,51,59,118,33,61,48,59,105,43,61,50,41,123,10,9,9,97,42,
+  61,113,10,9,9,118,61,97,47,105,10,9,9,114,43,61,118,10,9,125,10,9,114,42,61,
+  112,10,9,115,99,97,108,101,61,115,10,9,105,98,97,115,101,61,98,10,9,114,101,
+  116,117,114,110,40,114,47,49,41,10,125,10,100,101,102,105,110,101,32,115,40,
+  120,41,123,10,9,97,117,116,111,32,98,44,115,44,114,44,110,44,97,44,113,44,105,
+  10,9,98,61,105,98,97,115,101,10,9,105,98,97,115,101,61,65,10,9,115,61,115,99,
+  97,108,101,10,9,115,99,97,108,101,61,49,46,49,42,115,43,50,10,9,97,61,97,40,
+  49,41,10,9,105,102,40,120,60,48,41,123,10,9,9,110,61,49,10,9,9,120,61,45,120,
+  10,9,125,10,9,115,99,97,108,101,61,48,10,9,113,61,40,120,47,97,43,50,41,47,
+  52,10,9,120,61,120,45,52,42,113,42,97,10,9,105,102,40,113,37,50,33,61,48,41,
   120,61,45,120,10,9,115,99,97,108,101,61,115,43,50,10,9,114,61,97,61,120,10,
   9,113,61,45,120,42,120,10,9,102,111,114,40,105,61,51,59,97,33,61,48,59,105,
   43,61,50,41,123,10,9,9,97,42,61,113,47,40,105,42,40,105,45,49,41,41,10,9,9,
@@ -791,293 +822,257 @@ const char bc_lib[] = {
   49,41,10,9,114,101,116,117,114,110,40,114,47,49,41,10,125,10,100,101,102,105,
   110,101,32,99,40,120,41,123,10,9,97,117,116,111,32,98,44,115,10,9,98,61,105,
   98,97,115,101,10,9,105,98,97,115,101,61,65,10,9,115,61,115,99,97,108,101,10,
-  9,115,99,97,108,101,43,61,49,10,9,120,61,115,40,50,42,97,40,49,41,43,120,41,
-  10,9,115,99,97,108,101,61,115,10,9,105,98,97,115,101,61,98,10,9,114,101,116,
-  117,114,110,40,120,47,49,41,10,125,10,100,101,102,105,110,101,32,97,40,120,
-  41,123,10,9,97,117,116,111,32,98,44,115,44,114,44,110,44,97,44,109,44,116,44,
-  102,44,105,44,117,10,9,98,61,105,98,97,115,101,10,9,105,98,97,115,101,61,65,
-  10,9,110,61,49,10,9,105,102,40,120,60,48,41,123,10,9,9,110,61,45,49,10,9,9,
-  120,61,45,120,10,9,125,10,9,105,102,40,120,61,61,49,41,123,10,9,9,105,102,40,
-  115,99,97,108,101,60,61,54,52,41,123,10,9,9,9,114,101,116,117,114,110,40,46,
+  9,115,99,97,108,101,42,61,49,46,50,10,9,120,61,115,40,50,42,97,40,49,41,43,
+  120,41,10,9,115,99,97,108,101,61,115,10,9,105,98,97,115,101,61,98,10,9,114,
+  101,116,117,114,110,40,120,47,49,41,10,125,10,100,101,102,105,110,101,32,97,
+  40,120,41,123,10,9,97,117,116,111,32,98,44,115,44,114,44,110,44,97,44,109,44,
+  116,44,102,44,105,44,117,10,9,98,61,105,98,97,115,101,10,9,105,98,97,115,101,
+  61,65,10,9,110,61,49,10,9,105,102,40,120,60,48,41,123,10,9,9,110,61,45,49,10,
+  9,9,120,61,45,120,10,9,125,10,9,105,102,40,120,61,61,49,41,123,10,9,9,105,102,
+  40,115,99,97,108,101,60,54,53,41,123,10,9,9,9,114,101,116,117,114,110,40,46,
   55,56,53,51,57,56,49,54,51,51,57,55,52,52,56,51,48,57,54,49,53,54,54,48,56,
   52,53,56,49,57,56,55,53,55,50,49,48,52,57,50,57,50,51,52,57,56,52,51,55,55,
   54,52,53,53,50,52,51,55,51,54,49,52,56,48,47,110,41,10,9,9,125,10,9,125,10,
-  9,105,102,40,120,61,61,46,50,54,55,41,123,10,9,9,105,102,40,115,99,97,108,101,
-  60,61,54,52,41,123,10,9,9,9,114,101,116,117,114,110,40,46,50,54,48,57,49,51,
-  53,54,57,50,51,50,57,52,48,53,55,57,53,57,54,55,56,53,50,54,55,55,55,55,57,
-  56,54,53,54,51,57,55,55,52,55,52,48,50,51,57,56,56,50,52,52,53,56,50,50,51,
-  50,57,56,56,50,57,49,55,47,110,41,10,9,9,125,10,9,125,10,9,115,61,115,99,97,
-  108,101,10,9,105,102,40,120,62,46,50,54,55,41,123,10,9,9,115,99,97,108,101,
-  43,61,53,10,9,9,97,61,97,40,46,50,54,55,41,10,9,125,10,9,115,99,97,108,101,
-  61,115,43,51,10,9,119,104,105,108,101,40,120,62,46,50,54,55,41,123,10,9,9,109,
-  43,61,49,10,9,9,120,61,40,120,45,46,50,54,55,41,47,40,49,43,46,50,54,55,42,
-  120,41,10,9,125,10,9,114,61,117,61,120,10,9,102,61,45,120,42,120,10,9,116,61,
-  49,10,9,102,111,114,40,105,61,51,59,116,33,61,48,59,105,43,61,50,41,123,10,
-  9,9,117,42,61,102,10,9,9,116,61,117,47,105,10,9,9,114,43,61,116,10,9,125,10,
-  9,115,99,97,108,101,61,115,10,9,105,98,97,115,101,61,98,10,9,114,101,116,117,
-  114,110,40,40,109,42,97,43,114,41,47,110,41,10,125,10,100,101,102,105,110,101,
-  32,106,40,110,44,120,41,123,10,9,97,117,116,111,32,98,44,115,44,111,44,97,44,
-  105,44,118,44,102,10,9,98,61,105,98,97,115,101,10,9,105,98,97,115,101,61,65,
-  10,9,115,61,115,99,97,108,101,10,9,115,99,97,108,101,61,48,10,9,110,47,61,49,
-  10,9,105,102,40,110,60,48,41,123,10,9,9,110,61,45,110,10,9,9,105,102,40,110,
-  37,50,61,61,49,41,111,61,49,10,9,125,10,9,97,61,49,10,9,102,111,114,40,105,
-  61,50,59,105,60,61,110,59,43,43,105,41,102,42,61,105,10,9,115,99,97,108,101,
-  61,49,46,53,42,115,10,9,97,61,40,120,94,110,41,47,40,50,94,110,42,97,41,10,
-  9,114,61,118,61,49,10,9,102,61,45,120,42,120,47,52,10,9,115,99,97,108,101,43,
-  61,108,101,110,103,116,104,40,97,41,45,115,99,97,108,101,40,97,41,10,9,102,
-  111,114,40,105,61,49,59,118,33,61,48,59,43,43,105,41,123,10,9,9,118,61,118,
-  42,115,47,105,47,40,110,43,105,41,10,9,9,114,43,61,118,10,9,125,10,9,115,99,
-  97,108,101,61,115,10,9,105,98,97,115,101,61,98,10,9,105,102,40,111,33,61,48,
-  41,114,101,116,117,114,110,40,45,97,42,114,47,49,41,10,9,114,101,116,117,114,
-  110,40,97,42,114,47,49,41,10,125,10,0
+  9,105,102,40,120,61,61,46,50,41,123,10,9,9,105,102,40,115,99,97,108,101,60,
+  54,53,41,123,10,9,9,9,114,101,116,117,114,110,40,46,49,57,55,51,57,53,53,53,
+  57,56,52,57,56,56,48,55,53,56,51,55,48,48,52,57,55,54,53,49,57,52,55,57,48,
+  50,57,51,52,52,55,53,56,53,49,48,51,55,56,55,56,53,50,49,48,49,53,49,55,54,
+  56,56,57,52,48,50,47,110,41,10,9,9,125,10,9,125,10,9,115,61,115,99,97,108,101,
+  10,9,105,102,40,120,62,46,50,41,123,10,9,9,115,99,97,108,101,43,61,53,10,9,
+  9,97,61,97,40,46,50,41,10,9,125,10,9,115,99,97,108,101,61,115,43,51,10,9,119,
+  104,105,108,101,40,120,62,46,50,41,123,10,9,9,109,43,61,49,10,9,9,120,61,40,
+  120,45,46,50,41,47,40,49,43,46,50,42,120,41,10,9,125,10,9,114,61,117,61,120,
+  10,9,102,61,45,120,42,120,10,9,116,61,49,10,9,102,111,114,40,105,61,51,59,116,
+  33,61,48,59,105,43,61,50,41,123,10,9,9,117,42,61,102,10,9,9,116,61,117,47,105,
+  10,9,9,114,43,61,116,10,9,125,10,9,115,99,97,108,101,61,115,10,9,105,98,97,
+  115,101,61,98,10,9,114,101,116,117,114,110,40,40,109,42,97,43,114,41,47,110,
+  41,10,125,10,100,101,102,105,110,101,32,106,40,110,44,120,41,123,10,9,97,117,
+  116,111,32,98,44,115,44,111,44,97,44,105,44,118,44,102,10,9,98,61,105,98,97,
+  115,101,10,9,105,98,97,115,101,61,65,10,9,115,61,115,99,97,108,101,10,9,115,
+  99,97,108,101,61,48,10,9,110,47,61,49,10,9,105,102,40,110,60,48,41,123,10,9,
+  9,110,61,45,110,10,9,9,105,102,40,110,37,50,61,61,49,41,111,61,49,10,9,125,
+  10,9,97,61,49,10,9,102,111,114,40,105,61,50,59,105,60,61,110,59,43,43,105,41,
+  97,42,61,105,10,9,115,99,97,108,101,61,49,46,53,42,115,10,9,97,61,40,120,94,
+  110,41,47,50,94,110,47,97,10,9,114,61,118,61,49,10,9,102,61,45,120,42,120,47,
+  52,10,9,115,99,97,108,101,61,115,99,97,108,101,43,108,101,110,103,116,104,40,
+  97,41,45,115,99,97,108,101,40,97,41,10,9,102,111,114,40,105,61,49,59,118,33,
+  61,48,59,43,43,105,41,123,10,9,9,118,61,118,42,102,47,105,47,40,110,43,105,
+  41,10,9,9,114,43,61,118,10,9,125,10,9,115,99,97,108,101,61,115,10,9,105,98,
+  97,115,101,61,98,10,9,105,102,40,111,33,61,48,41,97,61,45,97,10,9,114,101,116,
+  117,114,110,40,97,42,114,47,49,41,10,125,10,0
 };
 
-BcStatus bc_vec_double(BcVec *vec) {
-
-  uint8_t *ptr = realloc(vec->array, vec->size * (vec->cap * 2));
-  if (!ptr) return BC_STATUS_MALLOC_FAIL;
-
-  vec->array = ptr;
-  vec->cap *= 2;
-
-  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+void bc_vec_grow(BcVec *v, size_t n) {
+  size_t cap = v->cap * 2;
+  while (cap < v->len + n) cap *= 2;
+  v->v = xrealloc(v->v, v->size * cap);
+  v->cap = cap;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_vec_init(BcVec *vec, size_t esize, BcVecFreeFunc dtor) {
-
-  vec->size = esize;
-  vec->cap = BC_VEC_INITIAL_CAP;
-  vec->len = 0;
-  vec->dtor = dtor;
-
-  vec->array = malloc(esize * BC_VEC_INITIAL_CAP);
-  if (!vec->array) return BC_STATUS_MALLOC_FAIL;
-
-  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+void bc_vec_init(BcVec *v, size_t esize, BcVecFree dtor) {
+  v->size = esize;
+  v->cap = BC_VEC_START_CAP;
+  v->len = 0;
+  v->dtor = dtor;
+  v->v = xmalloc(esize * BC_VEC_START_CAP);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_vec_expand(BcVec *vec, size_t request) {
-
-  uint8_t *ptr;
-
-  if (vec->cap >= request) return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-
-  ptr = realloc(vec->array, vec->size * request);
-  if (!ptr) return BC_STATUS_MALLOC_FAIL;
-
-  vec->array = ptr;
-  vec->cap = request;
-
-  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+void bc_vec_expand(BcVec *v, size_t req) {
+  if (v->cap < req) {
+    v->v = xrealloc(v->v, v->size * req);
+    v->cap = req;
+  }
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_vec_push(BcVec *vec, void *data) {
-
-  BcStatus status;
-  size_t size;
-
-  if (vec->len == vec->cap && (status = bc_vec_double(vec))) return status;
+void bc_vec_npop(BcVec *v, size_t n) {
+  if (!v->dtor) v->len -= n;
+  else {
+    size_t len = v->len - n;
+    while (v->len > len) v->dtor(v->v + (v->size * --v->len));
+  }
+}
 
-  size = vec->size;
-  memmove(vec->array + (size * vec->len++), data, size);
+void bc_vec_push(BcVec *v, const void *data) {
+  if (v->len + 1 > v->cap) bc_vec_grow(v, 1);
+  memmove(v->v + (v->size * v->len), data, v->size);
+  v->len += 1;
+}
 
-  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+void bc_vec_pushByte(BcVec *v, char data) {
+  bc_vec_push(v, &data);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_vec_pushByte(BcVec *vec, uint8_t data) {
+void bc_vec_pushAt(BcVec *v, const void *data, size_t idx) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
+  if (idx == v->len) bc_vec_push(v, data);
+  else {
 
-  if (vec->len == vec->cap && (status = bc_vec_double(vec))) return status;
+    char *ptr;
 
-  vec->array[vec->len++] = data;
+    if (v->len == v->cap) bc_vec_grow(v, 1);
 
-  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+    ptr = v->v + v->size * idx;
+
+    memmove(ptr + v->size, ptr, v->size * (v->len++ - idx));
+    memmove(ptr, data, v->size);
+  }
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_vec_pushAt(BcVec *vec, void *data, size_t idx) {
+void bc_vec_string(BcVec *v, size_t len, const char *str) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  uint8_t *ptr;
+  bc_vec_npop(v, v->len);
+  bc_vec_expand(v, len + 1);
+  memcpy(v->v, str, len);
+  v->len = len;
 
-  if (idx == vec->len) return bc_vec_push(vec, data);
-  if (vec->len == vec->cap && (status = bc_vec_double(vec))) return status;
+  bc_vec_pushByte(v, '\0');
+}
 
-  ptr = vec->array + vec->size * idx;
+void bc_vec_concat(BcVec *v, const char *str) {
 
-  memmove(ptr + vec->size, ptr, vec->size * (vec->len++ - idx));
-  memmove(ptr, data, vec->size);
+  size_t len;
 
-  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-}
+  if (v->len == 0) bc_vec_pushByte(v, '\0');
 
-void* bc_vec_top(const BcVec *vec) {
-  return vec->array + vec->size * (vec->len - 1);
-}
+  len = v->len + strlen(str);
 
-void* bc_vec_item(const BcVec *vec, size_t idx) {
-  return vec->array + vec->size * idx;
-}
+  if (v->cap < len) bc_vec_grow(v, len - v->len);
+  strcat(v->v, str);
 
-void* bc_vec_item_rev(const BcVec *vec, size_t idx) {
-  return vec->array + vec->size * (vec->len - idx - 1);
+  v->len = len;
 }
 
-void bc_vec_pop(BcVec *vec) {
-  vec->len -= 1;
-  if (vec->dtor) vec->dtor(vec->array + (vec->size * vec->len));
+void* bc_vec_item(const BcVec *v, size_t idx) {
+  return v->v + v->size * idx;
 }
 
-void bc_vec_npop(BcVec *vec, size_t n) {
-  if (!vec->dtor) vec->len -= n;
-  else {
-    size_t len = vec->len - n;
-    while (vec->len > len) bc_vec_pop(vec);
-  }
+void* bc_vec_item_rev(const BcVec *v, size_t idx) {
+  return v->v + v->size * (v->len - idx - 1);
 }
 
 void bc_vec_free(void *vec) {
-
-  size_t i;
-  BcVec *s = (BcVec*) vec;
-
-  if (!s) return;
-
-  if (s->dtor) {
-    for (i = 0; i < s->len; ++i) s->dtor(s->array + (i * s->size));
-  }
-
-  free(s->array);
-  memset(s, 0, sizeof(BcVec));
+  BcVec *v = (BcVec*) vec;
+  bc_vec_npop(v, v->len);
+  free(v->v);
 }
 
-size_t bc_veco_find(const BcVecO* vec, void *data) {
-
-  size_t low, high;
+size_t bc_map_find(const BcVec *v, const void *ptr) {
 
-  low = 0;
-  high = vec->vec.len;
+  size_t low = 0, high = v->len;
 
   while (low < high) {
 
     size_t mid = (low + high) / 2;
-    uint8_t *ptr = bc_vec_item(&vec->vec, mid);
-    int result = vec->cmp(data, ptr);
-
-    if (!result) return mid;
+    BcId *id = bc_vec_item(v, mid);
+    int result = bc_id_cmp(ptr, id);
 
-    if (result < 0) high = mid;
+    if (result == 0) return mid;
+    else if (result < 0) high = mid;
     else low = mid + 1;
   }
 
   return low;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_veco_init(BcVecO* vec, size_t esize,
-                      BcVecFreeFunc dtor, BcVecCmpFunc cmp)
-{
-  vec->cmp = cmp;
-  return bc_vec_init(&vec->vec, esize, dtor);
-}
+BcStatus bc_map_insert(BcVec *v, const void *ptr, size_t *i) {
 
-BcStatus bc_veco_insert(BcVecO* vec, void *data, size_t *idx) {
+  BcStatus s = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 
-  BcStatus status;
+  *i = bc_map_find(v, ptr);
 
-  *idx = bc_veco_find(vec, data);
+  if (*i == v->len) bc_vec_push(v, ptr);
+  else if (!bc_id_cmp(ptr, bc_vec_item(v, *i))) s = BC_STATUS_VEC_ITEM_EXISTS;
+  else bc_vec_pushAt(v, ptr, *i);
 
-  if (*idx > vec->vec.len) return BC_STATUS_VEC_OUT_OF_BOUNDS;
-  if (*idx != vec->vec.len && !vec->cmp(data, bc_vec_item(&vec->vec, *idx)))
-    return BC_STATUS_VEC_ITEM_EXISTS;
-
-  if (*idx >= vec->vec.len) {
-    *idx = vec->vec.len;
-    status = bc_vec_push(&vec->vec, data);
-  }
-  else status = bc_vec_pushAt(&vec->vec, data, *idx);
-
-  return status;
+  return s;
 }
 
-size_t bc_veco_index(const BcVecO* v, void *data) {
-  size_t i;
-  i = bc_veco_find(v, data);
-  if (i >= v->vec.len || v->cmp(data, bc_vec_item(&v->vec, i))) return -1;
-  return i;
+size_t bc_map_index(const BcVec* v, const void *ptr) {
+  size_t i = bc_map_find(v, ptr);
+  if (i >= v->len) return ((size_t) -1);
+  return bc_id_cmp(ptr, bc_vec_item(v, i)) ? ((size_t) -1) : i;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_io_getline(char **buf, size_t *n) {
-
-  char *temp;
-  int c;
-  size_t size, i;
+BcStatus bc_read_line(BcVec *vec, const char* prompt) {
 
-  if (TT.tty && fputs(">>> ", stdout) == EOF) return BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
+  int i;
+  signed char c = 0;
 
-  for (i = 0, c = 0; c != '\n'; ++i) {
-
-    if (i == *n) {
+  if (TT.ttyin && !(toys.optflags & FLAG_s)) {
+    bc_vm_puts(prompt, stderr);
+    bc_vm_fflush(stderr);
+  }
 
-      size = *n * 2;
+  bc_vec_npop(vec, vec->len);
 
-      if (size > (1 << 20) || !(temp = realloc(*buf, size + 1)))
-        return BC_STATUS_MALLOC_FAIL;
+  while (c != '\n') {
 
-      *buf = temp;
-      *n = size;
-    }
+    i = fgetc(stdin);
 
-    if ((c = fgetc(stdin)) == EOF) {
+    if (i == EOF) {
 
       if (errno == EINTR) {
 
         TT.sigc = TT.sig;
         TT.signe = 0;
-        --i;
 
-        fprintf(stderr, "%s", bc_program_ready_prompt);
-        fflush(stderr);
-
-        if (TT.tty && fputs(">>> ", stdout) == EOF) return BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
+        if (TT.ttyin) {
+          bc_vm_puts(bc_program_ready_msg, stderr);
+          if (!(toys.optflags & FLAG_s)) bc_vm_puts(prompt, stderr);
+          bc_vm_fflush(stderr);
+        }
 
         continue;
       }
-      else return BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
+
+      return BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
     }
-    else if (!c || (iscntrl(c) && !isspace(c)) || c > SCHAR_MAX)
-      return BC_STATUS_BINARY_FILE;
 
-    (*buf)[i] = c;
+    c = (signed char) i;
+    if (i > UCHAR_MAX || BC_READ_BIN_CHAR(c)) return BC_STATUS_BIN_FILE;
+    bc_vec_push(vec, &c);
   }
 
-  (*buf)[i] = '\0';
+  bc_vec_pushByte(vec, '\0');
 
   return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_io_fread(const char *path, char **buf) {
+BcStatus bc_read_file(const char *path, char **buf) {
 
-  BcStatus st;
+  BcStatus s = BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
   FILE *f;
   size_t size, read;
+  long res;
+  struct stat pstat;
 
-  if (!(f = fopen(path, "r"))) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_FILE_ERR;
-
-  fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END);
-  size = ftell(f);
-  fseek(f, 0, SEEK_SET);
+  f = fopen(path, "r");
+  if (!f) bc_vm_exit(BC_STATUS_EXEC_FILE_ERR);
+  if (fstat(fileno(f), &pstat) == -1) goto malloc_err;
 
-  if (!(*buf = malloc(size + 1))) {
-    st = BC_STATUS_MALLOC_FAIL;
+  if (S_ISDIR(pstat.st_mode)) {
+    s = BC_STATUS_PATH_IS_DIR;
     goto malloc_err;
   }
 
-  if ((read = fread(*buf, 1, size, f)) != size) {
-    st = BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
-    goto read_err;
-  }
+  if (fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END) == -1) goto malloc_err;
+  res = ftell(f);
+  if (res < 0) goto malloc_err;
+  if (fseek(f, 0, SEEK_SET) == -1) goto malloc_err;
+
+  size = (size_t) res;
+  *buf = xmalloc(size + 1);
+
+  read = fread(*buf, 1, size, f);
+  if (read != size) goto read_err;
 
   (*buf)[size] = '\0';
+  s = BC_STATUS_BIN_FILE;
+
+  for (read = 0; read < size; ++read) {
+    if (BC_READ_BIN_CHAR((*buf)[read])) goto read_err;
+  }
+
   fclose(f);
 
   return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
@@ -1086,55 +1081,72 @@ read_err:
   free(*buf);
 malloc_err:
   fclose(f);
-  return st;
+  return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_num_subArrays(BcDigit *n1, BcDigit *n2, size_t len) {
+void bc_num_setToZero(BcNum *n, size_t scale) {
+  n->len = 0;
+  n->neg = 0;
+  n->rdx = scale;
+}
+
+void bc_num_zero(BcNum *n) {
+  bc_num_setToZero(n, 0);
+}
+
+void bc_num_one(BcNum *n) {
+  bc_num_setToZero(n, 0);
+  n->len = 1;
+  n->num[0] = 1;
+}
+
+void bc_num_ten(BcNum *n) {
+  bc_num_setToZero(n, 0);
+  n->len = 2;
+  n->num[0] = 0;
+  n->num[1] = 1;
+}
+
+BcStatus bc_num_subArrays(BcDig *restrict a, BcDig *restrict b,size_t len) {
   size_t i, j;
   for (i = 0; !TT.signe && i < len; ++i) {
-    for (n1[i] -= n2[i], j = 0; !TT.signe && n1[i + j] < 0;) {
-      n1[i + j++] += 10;
-      n1[i + j] -= 1;
+    for (a[i] -= b[i], j = 0; !TT.signe && a[i + j] < 0;) {
+      a[i + j++] += 10;
+      a[i + j] -= 1;
     }
   }
   return TT.signe ? BC_STATUS_EXEC_SIGNAL : BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-ssize_t bc_num_compare(BcDigit *n1, BcDigit *n2, size_t len) {
+ssize_t bc_num_compare(BcDig *restrict a, BcDig *restrict b, size_t len) {
   size_t i;
-  BcDigit c;
-  for (c = 0, i = len - 1; !TT.signe && !(c = n1[i] - n2[i]) && i < len; --i);
-  return (c < 0 ? -1 : 1) * (ssize_t) (i + 1);
+  int c = 0;
+  for (i = len - 1; !TT.signe && i < len && !(c = a[i] - b[i]); --i);
+  return BC_NUM_NEG(i + 1, c < 0);
 }
 
 ssize_t bc_num_cmp(BcNum *a, BcNum *b) {
 
   size_t i, min, a_int, b_int, diff;
-  BcDigit *max_num, *min_num;
-  int a_max;
-  int cmp, neg;
-
-  if (!a) return !b ? 0 : !b->neg * -2 + 1;
-  else if (!b) return a->neg * -2 + 1;
-
-  neg = 1;
+  BcDig *max_num, *min_num;
+  int a_max, neg = 0;
+  ssize_t cmp;
 
+  if (a == b) return 0;
+  if (a->len == 0) return BC_NUM_NEG(!!b->len, !b->neg);
+  if (b->len == 0) return BC_NUM_NEG(1, a->neg);
   if (a->neg) {
-    if (b->neg) neg = -1;
+    if (b->neg) neg = 1;
     else return -1;
   }
   else if (b->neg) return 1;
 
-  if (!a->len) return (!b->neg * -2 + 1) * !!b->len;
-  else if (!b->len) return a->neg * -2 + 1;
-
-  a_int = a->len - a->rdx;
-  b_int = b->len - b->rdx;
+  a_int = BC_NUM_INT(a);
+  b_int = BC_NUM_INT(b);
   a_int -= b_int;
+  a_max = (a->rdx > b->rdx);
 
-  if (a_int) return a_int;
-
-  a_max = a->rdx > b->rdx;
+  if (a_int) return (ssize_t) a_int;
 
   if (a_max) {
     min = b->rdx;
@@ -1150,10 +1162,10 @@ ssize_t bc_num_cmp(BcNum *a, BcNum *b) {
   }
 
   cmp = bc_num_compare(max_num, min_num, b_int + min);
-  if (cmp) return cmp * (!a_max * -2 + 1) * neg;
+  if (cmp) return BC_NUM_NEG(cmp, (!a_max) != neg);
 
   for (max_num -= diff, i = diff - 1; !TT.signe && i < diff; --i) {
-    if (max_num[i]) return neg * (!a_max * -2 + 1);
+    if (max_num[i]) return BC_NUM_NEG(1, (!a_max) != neg);
   }
 
   return 0;
@@ -1161,67 +1173,116 @@ ssize_t bc_num_cmp(BcNum *a, BcNum *b) {
 
 void bc_num_truncate(BcNum *n, size_t places) {
 
-  BcDigit *ptr;
+  if (places == 0) return;
 
-  if (!places) return;
-
-  ptr = n->num + places;
-  n->len -= places;
   n->rdx -= places;
 
-  memmove(n->num, ptr, n->len * sizeof(BcDigit));
-  memset(n->num + n->len, 0, sizeof(BcDigit) * (n->cap - n->len));
+  if (n->len) {
+    n->len -= places;
+    memmove(n->num, n->num + places, n->len * sizeof(BcDig));
+  }
+}
+
+void bc_num_extend(BcNum *n, size_t places) {
+
+  size_t len = n->len + places;
+
+  if (places) {
+
+    if (n->cap < len) bc_num_expand(n, len);
+
+    memmove(n->num + places, n->num, sizeof(BcDig) * n->len);
+    memset(n->num, 0, sizeof(BcDig) * places);
+
+    n->len += places;
+    n->rdx += places;
+  }
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_num_extend(BcNum *n, size_t places) {
+void bc_num_clean(BcNum *n) {
+  while (n->len > 0 && n->num[n->len - 1] == 0) --n->len;
+  if (n->len == 0) n->neg = 0;
+  else if (n->len < n->rdx) n->len = n->rdx;
+}
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcDigit *ptr;
-  size_t len;
+void bc_num_retireMul(BcNum *n, size_t scale, int neg1, int neg2) {
+
+  if (n->rdx < scale) bc_num_extend(n, scale - n->rdx);
+  else bc_num_truncate(n, n->rdx - scale);
+
+  bc_num_clean(n);
+  if (n->len) n->neg = !neg1 != !neg2;
+}
+
+void bc_num_split(BcNum *restrict n, size_t idx, BcNum *restrict a,
+                  BcNum *restrict b)
+{
+  if (idx < n->len) {
+
+    b->len = n->len - idx;
+    a->len = idx;
+    a->rdx = b->rdx = 0;
+
+    memcpy(b->num, n->num + idx, b->len * sizeof(BcDig));
+    memcpy(a->num, n->num, idx * sizeof(BcDig));
+  }
+  else {
+    bc_num_zero(b);
+    bc_num_copy(a, n);
+  }
+
+  bc_num_clean(a);
+  bc_num_clean(b);
+}
 
-  if (!places) return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+BcStatus bc_num_shift(BcNum *n, size_t places) {
 
-  len = n->len + places;
-  if (n->cap < len && (status = bc_num_expand(n, len))) return status;
+  if (places == 0 || n->len == 0) return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  if (places + n->len > BC_MAX_NUM) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_NUM_LEN;
 
-  ptr = n->num + places;
-  memmove(ptr, n->num, sizeof(BcDigit) * n->len);
-  memset(n->num, 0, sizeof(BcDigit) * places);
+  if (n->rdx >= places) n->rdx -= places;
+  else {
+    bc_num_extend(n, places - n->rdx);
+    n->rdx = 0;
+  }
 
-  n->len += places;
-  n->rdx += places;
+  bc_num_clean(n);
 
   return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 BcStatus bc_num_inv(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, size_t scale) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
   BcNum one;
+  BcDig num[2];
 
-  if ((status = bc_num_init(&one, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE))) return status;
-
+  one.cap = 2;
+  one.num = num;
   bc_num_one(&one);
-  status = bc_num_div(&one, a, b, scale);
-  bc_num_free(&one);
 
-  return status;
+  return bc_num_div(&one, a, b, scale);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_num_alg_a(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, size_t scale) {
+BcStatus bc_num_a(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *restrict c, size_t sub) {
 
-  BcDigit *ptr, *ptr_a, *ptr_b, *ptr_c;
+  BcDig *ptr, *ptr_a, *ptr_b, *ptr_c;
   size_t i, max, min_rdx, min_int, diff, a_int, b_int;
-  BcDigit carry;
+  int carry, in;
 
-  (void) scale;
+  // Because this function doesn't need to use scale (per the bc spec),
+  // I am hijacking it to say whether it's doing an add or a subtract.
 
-  if (!a->len) return bc_num_copy(c, b);
-  else if (!b->len) return bc_num_copy(c, a);
+  if (a->len == 0) {
+    bc_num_copy(c, b);
+    if (sub && c->len) c->neg = !c->neg;
+    return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  }
+  else if (b->len == 0) {
+    bc_num_copy(c, a);
+    return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  }
 
   c->neg = a->neg;
-  memset(c->num, 0, c->cap * sizeof(BcDigit));
-
   c->rdx = maxof(a->rdx, b->rdx);
   min_rdx = minof(a->rdx, b->rdx);
   c->len = 0;
@@ -1242,8 +1303,8 @@ BcStatus bc_num_alg_a(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, size_t scale) {
   for (ptr_c = c->num, i = 0; i < diff; ++i, ++c->len) ptr_c[i] = ptr[i];
 
   ptr_c += diff;
-  a_int = a->len - a->rdx;
-  b_int = b->len - b->rdx;
+  a_int = BC_NUM_INT(a);
+  b_int = BC_NUM_INT(b);
 
   if (a_int > b_int) {
     min_int = b_int;
@@ -1257,42 +1318,42 @@ BcStatus bc_num_alg_a(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, size_t scale) {
   }
 
   for (carry = 0, i = 0; !TT.signe && i < min_rdx + min_int; ++i, ++c->len) {
-    ptr_c[i] = ptr_a[i] + ptr_b[i] + carry;
-    carry = ptr_c[i] / 10;
-    ptr_c[i] %= 10;
+    in = ((int) ptr_a[i]) + ((int) ptr_b[i]) + carry;
+    carry = in / 10;
+    ptr_c[i] = (BcDig) (in % 10);
   }
 
   for (; !TT.signe && i < max + min_rdx; ++i, ++c->len) {
-    ptr_c[i] += ptr[i] + carry;
-    carry = ptr_c[i] / 10;
-    ptr_c[i] %= 10;
+    in = ((int) ptr[i]) + carry;
+    carry = in / 10;
+    ptr_c[i] = (BcDig) (in % 10);
   }
 
-  if (TT.signe) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_SIGNAL;
-
-  if (carry) c->num[c->len++] = carry;
+  if (carry) c->num[c->len++] = (BcDig) carry;
 
-  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  return TT.signe ? BC_STATUS_EXEC_SIGNAL : BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_num_alg_s(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, size_t sub) {
+BcStatus bc_num_s(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *restrict c, size_t sub) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  int cmp;
+  BcStatus s;
+  ssize_t cmp;
   BcNum *minuend, *subtrahend;
   size_t start;
   int aneg, bneg, neg;
 
   // Because this function doesn't need to use scale (per the bc spec),
-  // I am hijacking it to tell this function whether it is doing an add
-  // or a subtract.
+  // I am hijacking it to say whether it's doing an add or a subtract.
 
-  if (!a->len) {
-    status = bc_num_copy(c, b);
-    c->neg = !b->neg;
-    return status;
+  if (a->len == 0) {
+    bc_num_copy(c, b);
+    if (sub && c->len) c->neg = !c->neg;
+    return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  }
+  else if (b->len == 0) {
+    bc_num_copy(c, a);
+    return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
   }
-  else if (!b->len) return bc_num_copy(c, a);
 
   aneg = a->neg;
   bneg = b->neg;
@@ -1303,213 +1364,293 @@ BcStatus bc_num_alg_s(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, size_t sub) {
   a->neg = aneg;
   b->neg = bneg;
 
-  if (!cmp) {
-    bc_num_zero(c);
+  if (cmp == 0) {
+    bc_num_setToZero(c, maxof(a->rdx, b->rdx));
     return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
   }
   else if (cmp > 0) {
-    neg = sub && a->neg;
+    neg = a->neg;
     minuend = a;
     subtrahend = b;
   }
   else {
-    neg = sub && !b->neg;
+    neg = b->neg;
+    if (sub) neg = !neg;
     minuend = b;
     subtrahend = a;
   }
 
-  if ((status = bc_num_copy(c, minuend))) return status;
+  bc_num_copy(c, minuend);
   c->neg = neg;
 
   if (c->rdx < subtrahend->rdx) {
-    if ((status = bc_num_extend(c, subtrahend->rdx - c->rdx))) return status;
+    bc_num_extend(c, subtrahend->rdx - c->rdx);
     start = 0;
   }
   else start = c->rdx - subtrahend->rdx;
 
-  status = bc_num_subArrays(c->num + start, subtrahend->num, subtrahend->len);
+  s = bc_num_subArrays(c->num + start, subtrahend->num, subtrahend->len);
 
-  while (c->len > c->rdx && !c->num[c->len - 1]) --c->len;
+  bc_num_clean(c);
 
-  return status;
+  return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_num_alg_m(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, size_t scale) {
+BcStatus bc_num_k(BcNum *restrict a, BcNum *restrict b, BcNum *restrict c) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcDigit carry;
-  size_t i, j, len;
+  BcStatus s;
+  int carry;
+  size_t i, j, len, max = maxof(a->len, b->len), max2 = (max + 1) / 2;
+  BcNum l1, h1, l2, h2, m2, m1, z0, z1, z2, temp;
+  int aone = BC_NUM_ONE(a);
 
-  if (!a->len || !b->len) {
+  if (TT.signe) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_SIGNAL;
+  if (a->len == 0 || b->len == 0) {
     bc_num_zero(c);
     return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
   }
-  else if (BC_NUM_ONE(a)) {
-    status = bc_num_copy(c, b);
-    if (a->neg) c->neg = !c->neg;
-    return status;
-  }
-  else if (BC_NUM_ONE(b)) {
-    status = bc_num_copy(c, a);
-    if (b->neg) c->neg = !c->neg;
-    return status;
+  else if (aone || BC_NUM_ONE(b)) {
+    bc_num_copy(c, aone ? b : a);
+    return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
   }
 
-  scale = maxof(scale, a->rdx);
-  scale = maxof(scale, b->rdx);
-  c->rdx = a->rdx + b->rdx;
-
-  memset(c->num, 0, sizeof(BcDigit) * c->cap);
-  c->len = carry = len = 0;
+  if (a->len + b->len < BC_NUM_KARATSUBA_LEN ||
+      a->len < BC_NUM_KARATSUBA_LEN || b->len < BC_NUM_KARATSUBA_LEN)
+  {
+    bc_num_expand(c, a->len + b->len + 1);
 
-  for (i = 0; !TT.signe && i < b->len; ++i) {
+    memset(c->num, 0, sizeof(BcDig) * c->cap);
+    c->len = carry = len = 0;
 
-    for (j = 0; !TT.signe && j < a->len; ++j) {
-      c->num[i + j] += a->num[j] * b->num[i] + carry;
-      carry = c->num[i + j] / 10;
-      c->num[i + j] %= 10;
-    }
+    for (i = 0; !TT.signe && i < b->len; ++i) {
 
-    if (TT.signe) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_SIGNAL;
+      for (j = 0; !TT.signe && j < a->len; ++j) {
+        int in = (int) c->num[i + j];
+        in += ((int) a->num[j]) * ((int) b->num[i]) + carry;
+        carry = in / 10;
+        c->num[i + j] = (BcDig) (in % 10);
+      }
 
-    if (carry) {
-      c->num[i + j] += carry;
+      c->num[i + j] += (BcDig) carry;
+      len = maxof(len, i + j + !!carry);
       carry = 0;
-      len = maxof(len, i + j + 1);
     }
-    else len = maxof(len, i + j);
-  }
 
-  if (TT.signe) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_SIGNAL;
+    c->len = len;
+
+    return TT.signe ? BC_STATUS_EXEC_SIGNAL : BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  }
+
+  bc_num_init(&l1, max);
+  bc_num_init(&h1, max);
+  bc_num_init(&l2, max);
+  bc_num_init(&h2, max);
+  bc_num_init(&m1, max);
+  bc_num_init(&m2, max);
+  bc_num_init(&z0, max);
+  bc_num_init(&z1, max);
+  bc_num_init(&z2, max);
+  bc_num_init(&temp, max + max);
+
+  bc_num_split(a, max2, &l1, &h1);
+  bc_num_split(b, max2, &l2, &h2);
+
+  s = bc_num_add(&h1, &l1, &m1, 0);
+  if (s) goto err;
+  s = bc_num_add(&h2, &l2, &m2, 0);
+  if (s) goto err;
+
+  s = bc_num_k(&h1, &h2, &z0);
+  if (s) goto err;
+  s = bc_num_k(&m1, &m2, &z1);
+  if (s) goto err;
+  s = bc_num_k(&l1, &l2, &z2);
+  if (s) goto err;
+
+  s = bc_num_sub(&z1, &z0, &temp, 0);
+  if (s) goto err;
+  s = bc_num_sub(&temp, &z2, &z1, 0);
+  if (s) goto err;
+
+  s = bc_num_shift(&z0, max2 * 2);
+  if (s) goto err;
+  s = bc_num_shift(&z1, max2);
+  if (s) goto err;
+  s = bc_num_add(&z0, &z1, &temp, 0);
+  if (s) goto err;
+  s = bc_num_add(&temp, &z2, c, 0);
 
-  c->len = maxof(len, c->rdx);
-  c->neg = !a->neg != !b->neg;
+err:
+  bc_num_free(&temp);
+  bc_num_free(&z2);
+  bc_num_free(&z1);
+  bc_num_free(&z0);
+  bc_num_free(&m2);
+  bc_num_free(&m1);
+  bc_num_free(&h2);
+  bc_num_free(&l2);
+  bc_num_free(&h1);
+  bc_num_free(&l1);
+  return s;
+}
 
-  if (scale < c->rdx) bc_num_truncate(c, c->rdx - scale);
-  while (c->len > c->rdx && !c->num[c->len - 1]) --c->len;
+BcStatus bc_num_m(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *restrict c, size_t scale) {
 
-  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-}
+  BcStatus s;
+  BcNum cpa, cpb;
+  size_t maxrdx = maxof(a->rdx, b->rdx);
 
-BcStatus bc_num_alg_d(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, size_t scale) {
+  scale = maxof(scale, a->rdx);
+  scale = maxof(scale, b->rdx);
+  scale = minof(a->rdx + b->rdx, scale);
+  maxrdx = maxof(maxrdx, scale);
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcDigit *ptr, *bptr, q;
-  size_t len, end, i;
-  BcNum copy;
-  int zero;
+  bc_num_init(&cpa, a->len);
+  bc_num_init(&cpb, b->len);
 
-  if (!b->len) return BC_STATUS_MATH_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO;
-  else if (!a->len) {
-    bc_num_zero(c);
-    return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-  }
-  else if (BC_NUM_ONE(b)) {
+  bc_num_copy(&cpa, a);
+  bc_num_copy(&cpb, b);
+  cpa.neg = cpb.neg = 0;
 
-    if ((status = bc_num_copy(c, a))) return status;
-    if (b->neg) c->neg = !c->neg;
+  s = bc_num_shift(&cpa, maxrdx);
+  if (s) goto err;
+  s = bc_num_shift(&cpb, maxrdx);
+  if (s) goto err;
+  s = bc_num_k(&cpa, &cpb, c);
+  if (s) goto err;
 
-    if (c->rdx < scale) status = bc_num_extend(c, scale - c->rdx);
-    else bc_num_truncate(c, c->rdx - scale);
+  maxrdx += scale;
+  bc_num_expand(c, c->len + maxrdx);
 
-    return status;
+  if (c->len < maxrdx) {
+    memset(c->num + c->len, 0, (c->cap - c->len) * sizeof(BcDig));
+    c->len += maxrdx;
   }
 
-  if ((status = bc_num_init(&copy, a->len + b->rdx + scale + 1))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_num_copy(&copy, a))) goto err;
+  c->rdx = maxrdx;
+  bc_num_retireMul(c, scale, a->neg, b->neg);
+
+err:
+  bc_num_free(&cpb);
+  bc_num_free(&cpa);
+  return s;
+}
+
+BcStatus bc_num_d(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *restrict c, size_t scale) {
+
+  BcStatus s = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  BcDig *n, *p, q;
+  size_t len, end, i;
+  BcNum cp;
+  int zero = 1;
 
-  if ((len = b->len) > copy.len) {
-    if ((status = bc_num_expand(&copy, len + 2))) goto err;
-    if ((status = bc_num_extend(&copy, len - copy.len))) goto err;
+  if (b->len == 0) return BC_STATUS_MATH_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO;
+  else if (a->len == 0) {
+    bc_num_setToZero(c, scale);
+    return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  }
+  else if (BC_NUM_ONE(b)) {
+    bc_num_copy(c, a);
+    bc_num_retireMul(c, scale, a->neg, b->neg);
+    return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
   }
 
-  if (b->rdx > copy.rdx && (status = bc_num_extend(&copy, b->rdx - copy.rdx)))
-    goto err;
+  bc_num_init(&cp, BC_NUM_MREQ(a, b, scale));
+  bc_num_copy(&cp, a);
+  len = b->len;
 
-  copy.rdx -= b->rdx;
+  if (len > cp.len) {
+    bc_num_expand(&cp, len + 2);
+    bc_num_extend(&cp, len - cp.len);
+  }
 
-  if (scale > copy.rdx && (status = bc_num_extend(&copy, scale - copy.rdx)))
-    goto err;
+  if (b->rdx > cp.rdx) bc_num_extend(&cp, b->rdx - cp.rdx);
+  cp.rdx -= b->rdx;
+  if (scale > cp.rdx) bc_num_extend(&cp, scale - cp.rdx);
 
   if (b->rdx == b->len) {
-    int zero;
-    for (zero = 1, i = 0; zero && i < len; ++i) zero = !b->num[len - i - 1];
-    if (i == len) return BC_STATUS_MATH_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO;
+    for (i = 0; zero && i < len; ++i) zero = !b->num[len - i - 1];
     len -= i - 1;
   }
 
-  if (copy.cap == copy.len && (status = bc_num_expand(&copy, copy.len + 1)))
-    goto err;
+  if (cp.cap == cp.len) bc_num_expand(&cp, cp.len + 1);
 
   // We want an extra zero in front to make things simpler.
-  copy.num[copy.len++] = 0;
-  end = copy.len - len;
+  cp.num[cp.len++] = 0;
+  end = cp.len - len;
 
-  if ((status = bc_num_expand(c, copy.len))) goto err;
+  bc_num_expand(c, cp.len);
 
   bc_num_zero(c);
-  c->rdx = copy.rdx;
-  c->len = copy.len;
-  bptr = b->num;
-
-  for (i = end - 1; !TT.signe && i < end; --i) {
-
-    ptr = copy.num + i;
-
-    q = 0;
-    for (; (!status && ptr[len]) || bc_num_compare(ptr, bptr, len) >= 0; ++q)
-      status = bc_num_subArrays(ptr, bptr, len);
-
+  memset(c->num + end, 0, (c->cap - end) * sizeof(BcDig));
+  c->rdx = cp.rdx;
+  c->len = cp.len;
+  p = b->num;
+
+  for (i = end - 1; !TT.signe && !s && i < end; --i) {
+    n = cp.num + i;
+    for (q = 0; (!s && n[len]) || bc_num_compare(n, p, len) >= 0; ++q)
+      s = bc_num_subArrays(n, p, len);
     c->num[i] = q;
   }
 
-  if (status) goto err;
-
-  c->neg = !a->neg != !b->neg;
-  while (c->len > c->rdx && !c->num[c->len - 1]) --c->len;
-  if (c->rdx > scale) bc_num_truncate(c, c->rdx - scale);
-
-  for (i = 0, zero = 1; zero && i < c->len; ++i) zero = !c->num[i];
-  if (zero) bc_num_zero(c);
+  if (!s) bc_num_retireMul(c, scale, a->neg, b->neg);
+  bc_num_free(&cp);
 
-err:
-  bc_num_free(&copy);
-  return status;
+  return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_num_alg_mod(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, size_t scale) {
-
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcNum c1, c2;
-  size_t len;
+BcStatus bc_num_r(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *restrict c,
+                  BcNum *restrict d, size_t scale, size_t ts)
+{
+  BcStatus s;
+  BcNum temp;
+  int neg;
 
-  if (!b->len) return BC_STATUS_MATH_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO;
+  if (b->len == 0) return BC_STATUS_MATH_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO;
 
-  if (!a->len) {
-    bc_num_zero(c);
+  if (a->len == 0) {
+    bc_num_setToZero(d, ts);
     return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
   }
 
-  len = a->len + b->len + scale;
+  bc_num_init(&temp, d->cap);
+  bc_num_d(a, b, c, scale);
+
+  if (scale) scale = ts;
+
+  s = bc_num_m(c, b, &temp, scale);
+  if (s) goto err;
+  s = bc_num_sub(a, &temp, d, scale);
+  if (s) goto err;
 
-  if ((status = bc_num_init(&c1, len))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_num_init(&c2, len))) goto c2_err;
-  if ((status = bc_num_div(a, b, &c1, scale))) goto err;
+  if (ts > d->rdx && d->len) bc_num_extend(d, ts - d->rdx);
 
-  c->rdx = maxof(scale + b->rdx, a->rdx);
-  if ((status = bc_num_mul(&c1, b, &c2, scale))) goto err;
-  status = bc_num_sub(a, &c2, c, scale);
+  neg = d->neg;
+  bc_num_retireMul(d, ts, a->neg, b->neg);
+  d->neg = neg;
 
 err:
-  bc_num_free(&c2);
-c2_err:
+  bc_num_free(&temp);
+  return s;
+}
+
+BcStatus bc_num_rem(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *restrict c, size_t scale) {
+
+  BcStatus s;
+  BcNum c1;
+  size_t ts = maxof(scale + b->rdx, a->rdx), len = BC_NUM_MREQ(a, b, ts);
+
+  bc_num_init(&c1, len);
+  s = bc_num_r(a, b, &c1, c, scale, ts);
   bc_num_free(&c1);
-  return status;
+
+  return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_num_alg_p(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, size_t scale) {
+BcStatus bc_num_p(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *restrict c, size_t scale) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
+  BcStatus s = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
   BcNum copy;
   unsigned long pow;
   size_t i, powrdx, resrdx;
@@ -1517,28 +1658,28 @@ BcStatus bc_num_alg_p(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, size_t scale) {
 
   if (b->rdx) return BC_STATUS_MATH_NON_INTEGER;
 
-  if (!b->len) {
+  if (b->len == 0) {
     bc_num_one(c);
     return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
   }
-  else if (!a->len) {
-    bc_num_zero(c);
+  else if (a->len == 0) {
+    bc_num_setToZero(c, scale);
     return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
   }
   else if (BC_NUM_ONE(b)) {
-
-    if (!b->neg) status = bc_num_copy(c, a);
-    else status = bc_num_inv(a, c, scale);
-
-    return status;
+    if (!b->neg) bc_num_copy(c, a);
+    else s = bc_num_inv(a, c, scale);
+    return s;
   }
 
   neg = b->neg;
   b->neg = 0;
 
-  if ((status = bc_num_ulong(b, &pow))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_num_init(&copy, a->len))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_num_copy(&copy, a))) goto err;
+  s = bc_num_ulong(b, &pow);
+  if (s) return s;
+
+  bc_num_init(&copy, a->len);
+  bc_num_copy(&copy, a);
 
   if (!neg) scale = minof(a->rdx * pow, maxof(scale, a->rdx));
 
@@ -1546,100 +1687,100 @@ BcStatus bc_num_alg_p(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, size_t scale) {
 
   for (powrdx = a->rdx; !TT.signe && !(pow & 1); pow >>= 1) {
     powrdx <<= 1;
-    if ((status = bc_num_mul(&copy, &copy, &copy, powrdx))) goto err;
+    s = bc_num_mul(&copy, &copy, &copy, powrdx);
+    if (s) goto err;
   }
 
-  if ((status = bc_num_copy(c, &copy))) goto err;
   if (TT.signe) {
-    status = BC_STATUS_EXEC_SIGNAL;
+    s = BC_STATUS_EXEC_SIGNAL;
     goto err;
   }
 
-  resrdx = powrdx;
+  bc_num_copy(c, &copy);
 
-  for (pow >>= 1; !TT.signe && pow != 0; pow >>= 1) {
+  for (resrdx = powrdx, pow >>= 1; !TT.signe && pow; pow >>= 1) {
 
     powrdx <<= 1;
-
-    if ((status = bc_num_mul(&copy, &copy, &copy, powrdx))) goto err;
+    s = bc_num_mul(&copy, &copy, &copy, powrdx);
+    if (s) goto err;
 
     if (pow & 1) {
       resrdx += powrdx;
-      if ((status = bc_num_mul(c, &copy, c, resrdx))) goto err;
+      s = bc_num_mul(c, &copy, c, resrdx);
+      if (s) goto err;
     }
   }
 
-  if (neg && (status = bc_num_inv(c, c, scale))) goto err;
+  if (neg) {
+    s = bc_num_inv(c, c, scale);
+    if (s) goto err;
+  }
+
   if (TT.signe) {
-    status = BC_STATUS_EXEC_SIGNAL;
+    s = BC_STATUS_EXEC_SIGNAL;
     goto err;
   }
 
   if (c->rdx > scale) bc_num_truncate(c, c->rdx - scale);
 
+  // We can't use bc_num_clean() here.
   for (zero = 1, i = 0; zero && i < c->len; ++i) zero = !c->num[i];
-  if (zero) bc_num_zero(c);
+  if (zero) bc_num_setToZero(c, scale);
 
 err:
   bc_num_free(&copy);
-  return status;
+  return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_num_binary(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c,  size_t scale,
-                       BcNumBinaryFunc op, size_t req)
+BcStatus bc_num_binary(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, size_t scale,
+                       BcNumBinaryOp op, size_t req)
 {
-  BcStatus status;
+  BcStatus s;
   BcNum num2, *ptr_a, *ptr_b;
   int init = 0;
 
   if (c == a) {
-    memcpy(&num2, c, sizeof(BcNum));
     ptr_a = &num2;
+    memcpy(ptr_a, c, sizeof(BcNum));
     init = 1;
   }
   else ptr_a = a;
 
   if (c == b) {
-
-    if (c == a) {
-      ptr_b = ptr_a;
-    }
-    else {
-      memcpy(&num2, c, sizeof(BcNum));
-      ptr_b = &num2;
+    ptr_b = &num2;
+    if (c != a) {
+      memcpy(ptr_b, c, sizeof(BcNum));
       init = 1;
     }
   }
   else ptr_b = b;
 
-  if (init) status = bc_num_init(c, req);
-  else status = bc_num_expand(c, req);
+  if (init) bc_num_init(c, req);
+  else bc_num_expand(c, req);
 
-  if (status) goto err;
-  status = op(ptr_a, ptr_b, c, scale);
+  s = op(ptr_a, ptr_b, c, scale);
 
-err:
-  if (c == a || c == b) bc_num_free(&num2);
-  return status;
+  if (init) bc_num_free(&num2);
+
+  return s;
 }
 
 int bc_num_strValid(const char *val, size_t base) {
 
-  size_t len, i;
-  BcDigit c, b;
-  int small, radix;
-
-  radix = 0;
-  len = strlen(val);
+  BcDig b;
+  int small, radix = 0;
+  size_t i, len = strlen(val);
 
   if (!len) return 1;
 
   small = base <= 10;
-  b = small ? base + '0' : base - 9 + 'A';
+  b = (BcDig) (small ? base + '0' : base - 10 + 'A');
 
   for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
 
-    if ((c = val[i]) == '.') {
+    BcDig c = val[i];
+
+    if (c == '.') {
 
       if (radix) return 0;
 
@@ -1654,9 +1795,8 @@ int bc_num_strValid(const char *val, size_t base) {
   return 1;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_num_parseDecimal(BcNum *n, const char *val) {
+void bc_num_parseDecimal(BcNum *n, const char *val) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
   size_t len, i;
   const char *ptr;
   int zero = 1;
@@ -1669,75 +1809,85 @@ BcStatus bc_num_parseDecimal(BcNum *n, const char *val) {
 
   if (len) {
     for (i = 0; zero && i < len; ++i) zero = val[i] == '0' || val[i] == '.';
-    if ((status = bc_num_expand(n, len))) return status;
-  }
-
-  if (zero) {
-    memset(n->num, 0, sizeof(BcDigit) * n->cap);
-    n->neg = 0;
-    return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+    bc_num_expand(n, len);
   }
 
   ptr = strchr(val, '.');
 
   // Explicitly test for NULL here to produce either a 0 or 1.
-  n->rdx = (ptr != NULL) * ((val + len) - (ptr + 1));
-
-  for (i = len - 1; i < len; ++n->len, i -= 1 + (i && val[i - 1] == '.'))
-    n->num[n->len] = val[i] - '0';
+  n->rdx = (size_t) ((ptr != NULL) * ((val + len) - (ptr + 1)));
 
-  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  if (!zero) {
+    for (i = len - 1; i < len; ++n->len, i -= 1 + (i && val[i - 1] == '.'))
+      n->num[n->len] = val[i] - '0';
+  }
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_num_parseBase(BcNum *n, const char *val, BcNum *base) {
+void bc_num_parseBase(BcNum *n, const char *val, BcNum *base) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
+  BcStatus s;
   BcNum temp, mult, result;
-  size_t i, len, digits;
-  BcDigit c;
-  int zero;
+  BcDig c = '\0';
+  int zero = 1;
   unsigned long v;
+  size_t i, digits, len = strlen(val);
 
-  len = strlen(val);
   bc_num_zero(n);
 
-  for (zero = 1, i = 0; zero && i < len; ++i)
-    zero = (val[i] == '.' || val[i] == '0');
-  if (zero) return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  for (i = 0; zero && i < len; ++i) zero = (val[i] == '.' || val[i] == '0');
+  if (zero) return;
+
+  bc_num_init(&temp, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE);
+  bc_num_init(&mult, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE);
 
-  if ((status = bc_num_init(&temp, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_num_init(&mult, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE))) goto mult_err;
+  for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
 
-  for (i = 0; i < len && (c = val[i]) != '.'; ++i) {
+    c = val[i];
+    if (c == '.') break;
 
-    v = c <= '9' ? c - '0' : c - 'A' + 10;
+    v = (unsigned long) (c <= '9' ? c - '0' : c - 'A' + 10);
 
-    if ((status = bc_num_mul(n, base, &mult, 0))) goto int_err;
-    if ((status = bc_num_ulong2num(&temp, v))) goto int_err;
-    if ((status = bc_num_add(&mult, &temp, n, 0))) goto int_err;
+    s = bc_num_mul(n, base, &mult, 0);
+    if (s) goto int_err;
+    s = bc_num_ulong2num(&temp, v);
+    if (s) goto int_err;
+    s = bc_num_add(&mult, &temp, n, 0);
+    if (s) goto int_err;
   }
 
-  if (i == len && !(c = val[i])) goto int_err;
-  if ((status = bc_num_init(&result, base->len))) goto int_err;
+  if (i == len) {
+    c = val[i];
+    if (c == 0) goto int_err;
+  }
 
+  bc_num_init(&result, base->len);
   bc_num_zero(&result);
   bc_num_one(&mult);
 
-  for (i += 1, digits = 0; i < len && (c = val[i]); ++i, ++digits) {
+  for (i += 1, digits = 0; i < len; ++i, ++digits) {
+
+    c = val[i];
+    if (c == 0) break;
 
-    v = c <= '9' ? c - '0' : c - 'A' + 10;
+    v = (unsigned long) (c <= '9' ? c - '0' : c - 'A' + 10);
 
-    if ((status = bc_num_mul(&result, base, &result, 0))) goto err;
-    if ((status = bc_num_ulong2num(&temp, v))) goto err;
-    if ((status = bc_num_add(&result, &temp, &result, 0))) goto err;
-    if ((status = bc_num_mul(&mult, base, &mult, 0))) goto err;
+    s = bc_num_mul(&result, base, &result, 0);
+    if (s) goto err;
+    s = bc_num_ulong2num(&temp, v);
+    if (s) goto err;
+    s = bc_num_add(&result, &temp, &result, 0);
+    if (s) goto err;
+    s = bc_num_mul(&mult, base, &mult, 0);
+    if (s) goto err;
   }
 
-  if ((status = bc_num_div(&result, &mult, &result, digits))) goto err;
-  if ((status = bc_num_add(n, &result, n, digits))) goto err;
+  s = bc_num_div(&result, &mult, &result, digits);
+  if (s) goto err;
+  s = bc_num_add(n, &result, n, digits);
+  if (s) goto err;
 
   if (n->len) {
-    if (n->rdx < digits && n->len) status = bc_num_extend(n, digits - n->rdx);
+    if (n->rdx < digits) bc_num_extend(n, digits - n->rdx);
   }
   else bc_num_zero(n);
 
@@ -1745,261 +1895,233 @@ err:
   bc_num_free(&result);
 int_err:
   bc_num_free(&mult);
-mult_err:
   bc_num_free(&temp);
-  return status;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_num_printDigits(size_t num, size_t width, int radix,
-                            size_t *nchars, size_t line_len)
-{
-  size_t exp, pow, div;
-
+void bc_num_printNewline(size_t *nchars, size_t line_len) {
   if (*nchars == line_len - 1) {
-    if (putchar('\\') == EOF) return BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
-    if (putchar('\n') == EOF) return BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
+    bc_vm_putchar('\\');
+    bc_vm_putchar('\n');
     *nchars = 0;
   }
+}
 
-  if (*nchars || radix) {
-    if (putchar(radix ? '.' : ' ') == EOF) return BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
-    ++(*nchars);
-  }
+void bc_num_printDigits(size_t num, size_t width, int radix,
+                        size_t *nchars, size_t line_len)
+{
+  size_t exp, pow, div;
+
+  bc_num_printNewline(nchars, line_len);
+  bc_vm_putchar(radix ? '.' : ' ');
+  ++(*nchars);
 
+  bc_num_printNewline(nchars, line_len);
   for (exp = 0, pow = 1; exp < width - 1; ++exp, pow *= 10);
 
   for (exp = 0; exp < width; pow /= 10, ++(*nchars), ++exp) {
-
-    if (*nchars == line_len - 1) {
-      if (putchar('\\') == EOF) return BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
-      if (putchar('\n') == EOF) return BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
-      *nchars = 0;
-    }
-
+    bc_num_printNewline(nchars, line_len);
     div = num / pow;
     num -= div * pow;
-
-    if (putchar(((char) div) + '0') == EOF) return BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
+    bc_vm_putchar(((char) div) + '0');
   }
-
-  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_num_printHex(size_t num, size_t width, int radix,
-                         size_t *nchars, size_t line_len)
+void bc_num_printHex(size_t num, size_t width, int radix,
+                     size_t *nchars, size_t line_len)
 {
-  width += !!radix;
-  if (*nchars + width  >= line_len) {
-    if (putchar('\\') == EOF) return BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
-    if (putchar('\n') == EOF) return BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
-    *nchars = 0;
-  }
 
-  if (radix && putchar('.') == EOF) return BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
-  if (putchar(bc_num_hex_digits[num]) == EOF) return BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
+  if (radix) {
+    bc_num_printNewline(nchars, line_len);
+    bc_vm_putchar('.');
+    *nchars += 1;
+  }
 
+  bc_num_printNewline(nchars, line_len);
+  bc_vm_putchar(bc_num_hex_digits[num]);
   *nchars = *nchars + width;
-
-  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_num_printDecimal(BcNum *n, size_t *nchars, size_t line_len) {
+void bc_num_printDecimal(BcNum *n, size_t *nchars, size_t len) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  size_t i;
+  size_t i, rdx = n->rdx - 1;
 
-  if (n->neg) {
-    if (putchar('-') == EOF) return BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
-    ++(*nchars);
-  }
+  if (n->neg) bc_vm_putchar('-');
+  (*nchars) += n->neg;
 
-  status = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-
-  for (i = n->len - 1; !status && i < n->len; --i)
-    status = bc_num_printHex(n->num[i], 1, i == n->rdx - 1, nchars, line_len);
-
-  return status;
+  for (i = n->len - 1; i < n->len; --i)
+    bc_num_printHex((size_t) n->num[i], 1, i == rdx, nchars, len);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_num_printBase(BcNum *n, BcNum *base, size_t base_t,
-                          size_t *nchars, size_t line_len)
+BcStatus bc_num_printNum(BcNum *n, BcNum *base, size_t width, size_t *nchars,
+                         size_t len, BcNumDigitOp print)
 {
-  BcStatus status;
+  BcStatus s;
   BcVec stack;
   BcNum intp, fracp, digit, frac_len;
-  size_t width, i;
-  BcNumDigitFunc print;
   unsigned long dig, *ptr;
-  int neg, radix;
-
-  neg = n->neg;
-  n->neg = 0;
-
-  if (neg && putchar('-') == EOF) return BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
-  nchars += neg;
+  size_t i;
+  int radix;
 
-  if (base_t <= BC_NUM_MAX_INPUT_BASE) {
-    width = 1;
-    print = bc_num_printHex;
-  }
-  else {
-    width = (size_t) floor(log10((double) (base_t - 1)) + 1.0);
-    print = bc_num_printDigits;
+  if (n->len == 0) {
+    print(0, width, 0, nchars, len);
+    return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
   }
 
-  if ((status = bc_vec_init(&stack, sizeof(long), NULL))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_num_init(&intp, n->len))) goto int_err;
-  if ((status = bc_num_init(&fracp, n->rdx))) goto frac_err;
-  if ((status = bc_num_init(&digit, width))) goto digit_err;
-  if ((status = bc_num_copy(&intp, n))) goto frac_len_err;
+  bc_vec_init(&stack, sizeof(long), NULL);
+  bc_num_init(&intp, n->len);
+  bc_num_init(&fracp, n->rdx);
+  bc_num_init(&digit, width);
+  bc_num_init(&frac_len, BC_NUM_INT(n));
+  bc_num_copy(&intp, n);
+  bc_num_one(&frac_len);
 
   bc_num_truncate(&intp, intp.rdx);
-  if ((status = bc_num_sub(n, &intp, &fracp, 0))) goto frac_len_err;
+  s = bc_num_sub(n, &intp, &fracp, 0);
+  if (s) goto err;
 
   while (intp.len) {
-    if ((status = bc_num_mod(&intp, base, &digit, 0))) goto frac_len_err;
-    if ((status = bc_num_ulong(&digit, &dig))) goto frac_len_err;
-    if ((status = bc_vec_push(&stack, &dig))) goto frac_len_err;
-    if ((status = bc_num_div(&intp, base, &intp, 0))) goto frac_len_err;
+    s = bc_num_divmod(&intp, base, &intp, &digit, 0);
+    if (s) goto err;
+    s = bc_num_ulong(&digit, &dig);
+    if (s) goto err;
+    bc_vec_push(&stack, &dig);
   }
 
   for (i = 0; i < stack.len; ++i) {
     ptr = bc_vec_item_rev(&stack, i);
-    status = print(*ptr, width, 0, nchars, line_len);
-    if (status) goto frac_len_err;
+    print(*ptr, width, 0, nchars, len);
   }
 
-  if (!n->rdx || (status = bc_num_init(&frac_len, n->len - n->rdx)))
-    goto frac_len_err;
-
-  bc_num_one(&frac_len);
+  if (!n->rdx) goto err;
 
   for (radix = 1; frac_len.len <= n->rdx; radix = 0) {
-    if ((status = bc_num_mul(&fracp, base, &fracp, n->rdx))) goto err;
-    if ((status = bc_num_ulong(&fracp, &dig))) goto err;
-    if ((status = bc_num_ulong2num(&intp, dig))) goto err;
-    if ((status = bc_num_sub(&fracp, &intp, &fracp, 0))) goto err;
-    if ((status = print(dig, width, radix, nchars, line_len))) goto err;
-    if ((status = bc_num_mul(&frac_len, base, &frac_len, 0))) goto err;
+    s = bc_num_mul(&fracp, base, &fracp, n->rdx);
+    if (s) goto err;
+    s = bc_num_ulong(&fracp, &dig);
+    if (s) goto err;
+    s = bc_num_ulong2num(&intp, dig);
+    if (s) goto err;
+    s = bc_num_sub(&fracp, &intp, &fracp, 0);
+    if (s) goto err;
+    print(dig, width, radix, nchars, len);
+    s = bc_num_mul(&frac_len, base, &frac_len, 0);
+    if (s) goto err;
   }
 
 err:
-  n->neg = neg;
   bc_num_free(&frac_len);
-frac_len_err:
   bc_num_free(&digit);
-digit_err:
   bc_num_free(&fracp);
-frac_err:
   bc_num_free(&intp);
-int_err:
   bc_vec_free(&stack);
-  return status;
+  return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_num_init(BcNum *n, size_t request) {
-
-  memset(n, 0, sizeof(BcNum));
-
-  request = request >= BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE ? request : BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE;
-  if (!(n->num = malloc(request))) return BC_STATUS_MALLOC_FAIL;
+BcStatus bc_num_printBase(BcNum *n, BcNum *base, size_t base_t,
+                          size_t *nchars, size_t line_len)
+{
+  BcStatus s;
+  size_t width, i;
+  BcNumDigitOp print;
+  int neg = n->neg;
 
-  n->cap = request;
+  if (neg) bc_vm_putchar('-');
+  (*nchars) += neg;
 
-  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-}
+  n->neg = 0;
 
-BcStatus bc_num_expand(BcNum *n, size_t request) {
+  if (base_t <= BC_NUM_MAX_IBASE) {
+    width = 1;
+    print = bc_num_printHex;
+  }
+  else {
+    for (i = base_t - 1, width = 0; i; i /= 10, ++width);
+    print = bc_num_printDigits;
+  }
 
-  BcDigit *temp;
+  s = bc_num_printNum(n, base, width, nchars, line_len, print);
+  n->neg = neg;
 
-  if (request <= n->cap) return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-  if (!(temp = realloc(n->num, request))) return BC_STATUS_MALLOC_FAIL;
+  return s;
+}
 
-  memset(temp + n->cap, 0, sizeof(char) * (request - n->cap));
-  n->num = temp;
-  n->cap = request;
+void bc_num_init(BcNum *n, size_t req) {
+  req = req >= BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE ? req : BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE;
+  memset(n, 0, sizeof(BcNum));
+  n->num = xmalloc(req);
+  n->cap = req;
+}
 
-  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+void bc_num_expand(BcNum *n, size_t req) {
+  req = req >= BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE ? req : BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE;
+  if (req > n->cap) {
+    n->num = xrealloc(n->num, req);
+    n->cap = req;
+  }
 }
 
 void bc_num_free(void *num) {
-  BcNum *n = (BcNum*) num;
-  if (n && n->num) free(n->num);
+  free(((BcNum*) num)->num);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_num_copy(BcNum *d, BcNum *s) {
+void bc_num_copy(BcNum *d, BcNum *s) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-
-  if (d == s) return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-  if ((status = bc_num_expand(d, s->cap))) return status;
-
-  d->len = s->len;
-  d->neg = s->neg;
-  d->rdx = s->rdx;
-
-  memcpy(d->num, s->num, sizeof(BcDigit) * d->len);
-  memset(d->num + d->len, 0, sizeof(BcDigit) * (d->cap - d->len));
-
-  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  if (d != s) {
+    bc_num_expand(d, s->cap);
+    d->len = s->len;
+    d->neg = s->neg;
+    d->rdx = s->rdx;
+    memcpy(d->num, s->num, sizeof(BcDig) * d->len);
+  }
 }
 
 BcStatus bc_num_parse(BcNum *n, const char *val, BcNum *base, size_t base_t) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-
   if (!bc_num_strValid(val, base_t)) return BC_STATUS_MATH_BAD_STRING;
 
-  if (base_t == 10) status = bc_num_parseDecimal(n, val);
-  else status = bc_num_parseBase(n, val, base);
+  if (base_t == 10) bc_num_parseDecimal(n, val);
+  else bc_num_parseBase(n, val, base);
 
-  return status;
+  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 BcStatus bc_num_print(BcNum *n, BcNum *base, size_t base_t, int newline,
                       size_t *nchars, size_t line_len)
 {
-  BcStatus status;
+  BcStatus s = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 
-  if (*nchars  >= line_len) {
-    if (putchar('\\') == EOF) return BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
-    if (putchar('\n') == EOF) return BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
-    *nchars = 0;
-  }
+  bc_num_printNewline(nchars, line_len);
 
-  if (!n->len) {
-    if (putchar('0') == EOF) return BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
+  if (n->len == 0) {
+    bc_vm_putchar('0');
     ++(*nchars);
-    status = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
   }
-  else if (base_t == 10) status = bc_num_printDecimal(n, nchars, line_len);
-  else status = bc_num_printBase(n, base, base_t, nchars, line_len);
-
-  if (status) return status;
+  else if (base_t == 10) bc_num_printDecimal(n, nchars, line_len);
+  else s = bc_num_printBase(n, base, base_t, nchars, line_len);
 
   if (newline) {
-    if (putchar('\n') == EOF) return BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
+    bc_vm_putchar('\n');
     *nchars = 0;
   }
 
-  return status;
+  return s;
 }
 
 BcStatus bc_num_ulong(BcNum *n, unsigned long *result) {
 
   size_t i;
-  unsigned long prev, pow;
+  unsigned long pow;
 
   if (n->neg) return BC_STATUS_MATH_NEGATIVE;
 
   for (*result = 0, pow = 1, i = n->rdx; i < n->len; ++i) {
 
-    prev = *result;
-    *result += n->num[i] * pow;
+    unsigned long prev = *result, powprev = pow;
+
+    *result += ((unsigned long) n->num[i]) * pow;
     pow *= 10;
 
-    if (*result < prev) return BC_STATUS_MATH_OVERFLOW;
+    if (*result < prev || pow < powprev) return BC_STATUS_MATH_OVERFLOW;
   }
 
   return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
@@ -2007,145 +2129,130 @@ BcStatus bc_num_ulong(BcNum *n, unsigned long *result) {
 
 BcStatus bc_num_ulong2num(BcNum *n, unsigned long val) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  size_t len, i;
-  BcDigit *ptr;
+  size_t len;
+  BcDig *ptr;
+  unsigned long i;
 
   bc_num_zero(n);
 
-  if (!val) {
-    memset(n->num, 0, sizeof(char) * n->cap);
-    return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-  }
-
-  len = (size_t) ceil(log10(((double) ULONG_MAX) + 1.0f));
+  if (val == 0) return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 
-  if ((status = bc_num_expand(n, len))) return status;
-
-  for (ptr = n->num, i = 0; val; ++i, ++n->len) {
-    ptr[i] = (char) (val % 10);
-    val /= 10;
-  }
+  for (len = 1, i = ULONG_MAX; i; i /= 10, ++len)
+  bc_num_expand(n, len);
+  for (ptr = n->num, i = 0; val; ++i, ++n->len, val /= 10) ptr[i] = val % 10;
 
   return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_num_add(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *result, size_t scale) {
+BcStatus bc_num_add(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, size_t scale) {
+  BcNumBinaryOp op = (!a->neg == !b->neg) ? bc_num_a : bc_num_s;
   (void) scale;
-  BcNumBinaryFunc op = (!a->neg == !b->neg) ? bc_num_alg_a : bc_num_alg_s;
-  return bc_num_binary(a, b, result, 0, op, a->len + b->len + 1);
+  return bc_num_binary(a, b, c, 0, op, BC_NUM_AREQ(a, b));
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_num_sub(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *result, size_t scale) {
+BcStatus bc_num_sub(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, size_t scale) {
+  BcNumBinaryOp op = (!a->neg == !b->neg) ? bc_num_s : bc_num_a;
   (void) scale;
-  BcNumBinaryFunc op = (!a->neg == !b->neg) ? bc_num_alg_s : bc_num_alg_a;
-  return bc_num_binary(a, b, result, 1, op, a->len + b->len + 1);
+  return bc_num_binary(a, b, c, 1, op, BC_NUM_AREQ(a, b));
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_num_mul(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *result, size_t scale) {
-  return bc_num_binary(a, b, result, scale, bc_num_alg_m,
-                       a->len + b->len + scale + 1);
+BcStatus bc_num_mul(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, size_t scale) {
+  size_t req = BC_NUM_MREQ(a, b, scale);
+  return bc_num_binary(a, b, c, scale, bc_num_m, req);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_num_div(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *result, size_t scale) {
-  return bc_num_binary(a, b, result, scale, bc_num_alg_d,
-                       a->len + b->len + scale + 1);
+BcStatus bc_num_div(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, size_t scale) {
+  size_t req = BC_NUM_MREQ(a, b, scale);
+  return bc_num_binary(a, b, c, scale, bc_num_d, req);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_num_mod(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *result, size_t scale) {
-  return bc_num_binary(a, b, result, scale, bc_num_alg_mod,
-                       a->len + b->len + scale + 1);
+BcStatus bc_num_mod(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, size_t scale) {
+  size_t req = BC_NUM_MREQ(a, b, scale);
+  return bc_num_binary(a, b, c, scale, bc_num_rem, req);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_num_pow(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *result, size_t scale) {
-  return bc_num_binary(a, b, result, scale, bc_num_alg_p,
-                       (a->len + 1) * (b->len + 1));
+BcStatus bc_num_pow(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, size_t scale) {
+  return bc_num_binary(a, b, c, scale, bc_num_p, a->len * b->len + 1);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_num_sqrt(BcNum *a, BcNum *result, size_t scale) {
-
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcNum a2, *ptr_a, num1, num2, two, f, fprime, *x0, *x1, *temp;
-  size_t pow, len, digits, resrdx, req;
-  int cmp;
+BcStatus bc_num_sqrt(BcNum *a, BcNum *restrict b, size_t scale) {
 
-  req = a->rdx + (a->len - a->rdx) * 2 + 1;
-
-  if (result == a) {
-    memcpy(&a2, result, sizeof(BcNum));
-    ptr_a = &a2;
-    status = bc_num_init(result, req);
-  }
-  else {
-    ptr_a = a;
-    status = bc_num_expand(result, req);
-  }
+  BcStatus s;
+  BcNum num1, num2, half, f, fprime, *x0, *x1, *temp;
+  size_t pow, len, digs, digs1, resrdx, req, times = 0;
+  ssize_t cmp = 1, cmp1 = SSIZE_MAX, cmp2 = SSIZE_MAX;
 
-  if (status) goto init_err;
+  req = maxof(scale, a->rdx) + ((BC_NUM_INT(a) + 1) >> 1) + 1;
+  bc_num_expand(b, req);
 
-  if (!ptr_a->len) {
-    bc_num_zero(result);
+  if (a->len == 0) {
+    bc_num_setToZero(b, scale);
     return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
   }
-  else if (ptr_a->neg) return BC_STATUS_MATH_NEG_SQRT;
+  else if (a->neg) return BC_STATUS_MATH_NEGATIVE;
   else if (BC_NUM_ONE(a)) {
-    bc_num_one(result);
-    return bc_num_extend(result, scale);
+    bc_num_one(b);
+    bc_num_extend(b, scale);
+    return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
   }
 
-  memset(result->num, 0, result->cap * sizeof(BcDigit));
-  len = ptr_a->len;
-
-  scale = maxof(scale, ptr_a->rdx) + 1;
-
-  if ((status = bc_num_init(&num1, len))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_num_init(&num2, num1.len))) goto num2_err;
-  if ((status = bc_num_init(&two, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE))) goto two_err;
+  scale = maxof(scale, a->rdx) + 1;
+  len = a->len + scale;
 
-  bc_num_one(&two);
-  two.num[0] = 2;
+  bc_num_init(&num1, len);
+  bc_num_init(&num2, len);
+  bc_num_init(&half, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE);
 
-  len += scale;
+  bc_num_one(&half);
+  half.num[0] = 5;
+  half.rdx = 1;
 
-  if ((status = bc_num_init(&f, len))) goto f_err;
-  if ((status = bc_num_init(&fprime, len + scale))) goto fprime_err;
+  bc_num_init(&f, len);
+  bc_num_init(&fprime, len);
 
   x0 = &num1;
   x1 = &num2;
 
   bc_num_one(x0);
-
-  pow = ptr_a->len - ptr_a->rdx;
+  pow = BC_NUM_INT(a);
 
   if (pow) {
 
-    if (pow & 1) {
-      x0->num[0] = 2;
-      pow -= 1;
-    }
-    else {
-      x0->num[0] = 6;
-      pow -= 2;
-    }
+    if (pow & 1) x0->num[0] = 2;
+    else x0->num[0] = 6;
 
-    if ((status = bc_num_extend(x0, pow))) goto err;
+    pow -= 2 - (pow & 1);
+
+    bc_num_extend(x0, pow);
+
+    // Make sure to move the radix back.
+    x0->rdx -= pow;
   }
 
-  cmp = 1;
-  x0->rdx = digits = 0;
-  resrdx = scale + 1;
-  len = (x0->len - x0->rdx) + resrdx;
+  x0->rdx = digs = digs1 = 0;
+  resrdx = scale + 2;
+  len = BC_NUM_INT(x0) + resrdx - 1;
 
-  while (!TT.signe && cmp && digits <= len) {
+  while (!TT.signe && (cmp || digs < len)) {
 
-    if ((status = bc_num_mul(x0, x0, &f, resrdx))) goto err;
-    if ((status = bc_num_sub(&f, a, &f, resrdx))) goto err;
-    if ((status = bc_num_mul(x0, &two, &fprime, resrdx))) goto err;
-    if ((status = bc_num_div(&f, &fprime, &f, resrdx))) goto err;
-    if ((status = bc_num_sub(x0, &f, x1, resrdx))) goto err;
+    s = bc_num_div(a, x0, &f, resrdx);
+    if (s) goto err;
+    s = bc_num_add(x0, &f, &fprime, resrdx);
+    if (s) goto err;
+    s = bc_num_mul(&fprime, &half, x1, resrdx);
+    if (s) goto err;
 
     cmp = bc_num_cmp(x1, x0);
-    digits = x1->len - llabs(cmp);
+    digs = x1->len - (unsigned long long) llabs(cmp);
+
+    if (cmp == cmp2 && digs == digs1) times += 1;
+    else times = 0;
+
+    resrdx += times > 4;
+
+    cmp2 = cmp1;
+    cmp1 = cmp;
+    digs1 = digs;
 
     temp = x0;
     x0 = x1;
@@ -2153,183 +2260,151 @@ BcStatus bc_num_sqrt(BcNum *a, BcNum *result, size_t scale) {
   }
 
   if (TT.signe) {
-    status = BC_STATUS_EXEC_SIGNAL;
+    s = BC_STATUS_EXEC_SIGNAL;
     goto err;
   }
 
-  if ((status = bc_num_copy(result, x0))) goto err;
-
-  if (result->rdx > --scale) bc_num_truncate(result, result->rdx - scale);
-  else if (result->rdx < scale)
-    status = bc_num_extend(result, scale - result->rdx);
+  bc_num_copy(b, x0);
+  scale -= 1;
+  if (b->rdx > scale) bc_num_truncate(b, b->rdx - scale);
 
 err:
   bc_num_free(&fprime);
-fprime_err:
   bc_num_free(&f);
-f_err:
-  bc_num_free(&two);
-two_err:
+  bc_num_free(&half);
   bc_num_free(&num2);
-num2_err:
   bc_num_free(&num1);
-init_err:
-  if (result == a) bc_num_free(&a2);
-  return status;
+  return s;
 }
 
-void bc_num_zero(BcNum *n) {
-  if (!n) return;
-  memset(n->num, 0, n->cap * sizeof(char));
-  n->neg = 0;
-  n->len = 0;
-  n->rdx = 0;
+BcStatus bc_num_divmod(BcNum *a, BcNum *b, BcNum *c, BcNum *d, size_t scale) {
+
+  BcStatus s;
+  BcNum num2, *ptr_a;
+  int init = 0;
+  size_t ts = maxof(scale + b->rdx, a->rdx), len = BC_NUM_MREQ(a, b, ts);
+
+  if (c == a) {
+    memcpy(&num2, c, sizeof(BcNum));
+    ptr_a = &num2;
+    bc_num_init(c, len);
+    init = 1;
+  }
+  else {
+    ptr_a = a;
+    bc_num_expand(c, len);
+  }
+
+  s = bc_num_r(ptr_a, b, c, d, scale, ts);
+
+  if (init) bc_num_free(&num2);
+
+  return s;
 }
 
-void bc_num_one(BcNum *n) {
-  if (!n) return;
-  bc_num_zero(n);
-  n->len = 1;
-  n->num[0] = 1;
+int bc_id_cmp(const void *e1, const void *e2) {
+  return strcmp(((const BcId*) e1)->name, ((const BcId*) e2)->name);
 }
 
-void bc_num_ten(BcNum *n) {
-  if (!n) return;
-  bc_num_zero(n);
-  n->len = 2;
-  n->num[0] = 0;
-  n->num[1] = 1;
+void bc_id_free(void *id) {
+  free(((BcId*) id)->name);
 }
 
 BcStatus bc_func_insert(BcFunc *f, char *name, int var) {
 
-  BcAuto a;
+  BcId a;
   size_t i;
 
   for (i = 0; i < f->autos.len; ++i) {
-    if (!strcmp(name, ((BcAuto*) bc_vec_item(&f->autos, i))->name))
+    if (!strcmp(name, ((BcId*) bc_vec_item(&f->autos, i))->name))
       return BC_STATUS_PARSE_DUPLICATE_LOCAL;
   }
 
-  a.var = var;
+  a.idx = var;
   a.name = name;
 
-  return bc_vec_push(&f->autos, &a);
-}
-
-BcStatus bc_func_init(BcFunc *f) {
-
-  BcStatus status;
-
-  if ((status = bc_vec_init(&f->code, sizeof(uint8_t), NULL))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_vec_init(&f->autos, sizeof(BcAuto), bc_auto_free))) goto err;
-  if ((status = bc_vec_init(&f->labels, sizeof(size_t), NULL))) goto label_err;
-
-  f->nparams = 0;
+  bc_vec_push(&f->autos, &a);
 
   return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
 
-label_err:
-  bc_vec_free(&f->autos);
-err:
-  bc_vec_free(&f->code);
-  return status;
+void bc_func_init(BcFunc *f) {
+  bc_vec_init(&f->code, sizeof(char), NULL);
+  bc_vec_init(&f->autos, sizeof(BcId), bc_id_free);
+  bc_vec_init(&f->labels, sizeof(size_t), NULL);
+  f->nparams = 0;
 }
 
 void bc_func_free(void *func) {
-
   BcFunc *f = (BcFunc*) func;
-
-  if (!f) return;
-
   bc_vec_free(&f->code);
   bc_vec_free(&f->autos);
   bc_vec_free(&f->labels);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_array_copy(BcVec *d, BcVec *s) {
+void bc_array_init(BcVec *a, int nums) {
+  if (nums) bc_vec_init(a, sizeof(BcNum), bc_num_free);
+  else bc_vec_init(a, sizeof(BcVec), bc_vec_free);
+  bc_array_expand(a, 1);
+}
+
+void bc_array_copy(BcVec *d, const BcVec *s) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
   size_t i;
-  BcNum *dnum, *snum;
 
   bc_vec_npop(d, d->len);
-
-  if ((status = bc_vec_expand(d, s->cap))) return status;
-
+  bc_vec_expand(d, s->cap);
   d->len = s->len;
 
-  for (i = 0; !status && i < s->len; ++i) {
-
-    dnum = bc_vec_item(d, i);
-    snum = bc_vec_item(s, i);
-
-    if ((status = bc_num_init(dnum, snum->len))) return status;
-    if ((status = bc_num_copy(dnum, snum))) bc_num_free(dnum);
+  for (i = 0; i < s->len; ++i) {
+    BcNum *dnum = bc_vec_item(d, i), *snum = bc_vec_item(s, i);
+    bc_num_init(dnum, snum->len);
+    bc_num_copy(dnum, snum);
   }
-
-  return status;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_array_expand(BcVec *a, size_t len) {
+void bc_array_expand(BcVec *a, size_t len) {
 
-  BcStatus status = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-  BcNum num;
+  BcResultData data;
 
-  while (!status && len > a->len) {
-    if ((status = bc_num_init(&num, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE))) return status;
-    bc_num_zero(&num);
-    if ((status = bc_vec_push(a, &num))) bc_num_free(&num);
+  if (a->size == sizeof(BcNum) && a->dtor == bc_num_free) {
+    while (len > a->len) {
+      bc_num_init(&data.n, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE);
+      bc_vec_push(a, &data.n);
+    }
+  }
+  else {
+    while (len > a->len) {
+      bc_array_init(&data.v, 1);
+      bc_vec_push(a, &data.v);
+    }
   }
-
-  return status;
 }
 
 void bc_string_free(void *string) {
-  char **s = string;
-  if (s) free(*s);
-}
-
-int bc_entry_cmp(void *entry1, void *entry2) {
-  return strcmp(((BcEntry*) entry1)->name, ((BcEntry*) entry2)->name);
-}
-
-void bc_entry_free(void *entry) {
-  BcEntry *e = entry;
-  if (e) free(e->name);
-}
-
-void bc_auto_free(void *auto1) {
-  BcAuto *a = (BcAuto*) auto1;
-  if (a && a->name) free(a->name);
+  free(*((char**) string));
 }
 
 void bc_result_free(void *result) {
 
   BcResult *r = (BcResult*) result;
 
-  if (!r) return;
-
-  switch (r->type) {
+  switch (r->t) {
 
     case BC_RESULT_TEMP:
+    case BC_RESULT_IBASE:
     case BC_RESULT_SCALE:
-    case BC_RESULT_VAR_AUTO:
-    {
-      bc_num_free(&r->data.num);
-      break;
-    }
-
-    case BC_RESULT_ARRAY_AUTO:
+    case BC_RESULT_OBASE:
     {
-      bc_vec_free(&r->data.array);
+      bc_num_free(&r->d.n);
       break;
     }
 
     case BC_RESULT_VAR:
     case BC_RESULT_ARRAY:
+    case BC_RESULT_ARRAY_ELEM:
     {
-      if (r->data.id.name) free(r->data.id.name);
+      free(r->d.id.name);
       break;
     }
 
@@ -2341,198 +2416,242 @@ void bc_result_free(void *result) {
   }
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_lex_string(BcLex *lex) {
+void bc_lex_lineComment(BcLex *l) {
+  l->t.t = BC_LEX_WHITESPACE;
+  while (l->i < l->len && l->buf[l->i++] != '\n');
+  --l->i;
+}
 
-  const char *start;
-  size_t newlines, len, i, j;
+void bc_lex_whitespace(BcLex *l) {
   char c;
+  l->t.t = BC_LEX_WHITESPACE;
+  for (c = l->buf[l->i]; c != '\n' && isspace(c); c = l->buf[++l->i]);
+}
 
-  newlines = 0;
-  lex->token.type = BC_LEX_STRING;
-  i = lex->idx;
+BcStatus bc_lex_number(BcLex *l, char start) {
 
-  for (c = lex->buffer[i]; c != '"' && c != '\0'; c = lex->buffer[++i]) {
-    if (c == '\n') ++newlines;
-  }
+  const char *buf = l->buf + l->i;
+  size_t len, hits = 0, bslashes = 0, i = 0, j;
+  char c = buf[i];
+  int last_pt, pt = start == '.';
 
-  if (c == '\0') {
-    lex->idx = i;
-    return BC_STATUS_LEX_NO_STRING_END;
+  last_pt = pt;
+  l->t.t = BC_LEX_NUMBER;
+
+  while (c && (isdigit(c) || (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F') ||
+               (c == '.' && !pt) || (c == '\\' && buf[i + 1] == '\n')))
+  {
+    if (c != '\\') {
+      last_pt = c == '.';
+      pt = pt || last_pt;
+    }
+    else {
+      ++i;
+      bslashes += 1;
+    }
+
+    c = buf[++i];
   }
 
-  len = i - lex->idx;
-  if (!(lex->token.string = malloc(len + 1))) return BC_STATUS_MALLOC_FAIL;
+  len = i + 1 * !last_pt - bslashes * 2;
+  if (len > BC_MAX_NUM) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_NUM_LEN;
 
-  start = lex->buffer + lex->idx;
+  bc_vec_npop(&l->t.v, l->t.v.len);
+  bc_vec_expand(&l->t.v, len + 1);
+  bc_vec_push(&l->t.v, &start);
 
-  for (j = 0; j < len; ++j) lex->token.string[j] = start[j];
+  for (buf -= 1, j = 1; j < len + hits * 2; ++j) {
 
-  lex->token.string[len] = '\0';
-  lex->idx = i + 1;
-  lex->line += newlines;
+    c = buf[j];
+
+    // If we have hit a backslash, skip it. We don't have
+    // to check for a newline because it's guaranteed.
+    if (hits < bslashes && c == '\\') {
+      ++hits;
+      ++j;
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    bc_vec_push(&l->t.v, &c);
+  }
+
+  bc_vec_pushByte(&l->t.v, '\0');
+  l->i += i;
 
   return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_lex_comment(BcLex *lex) {
+BcStatus bc_lex_name(BcLex *l) {
 
-  size_t newlines, i;
-  const char *buffer;
-  char c;
-  int end;
+  size_t i = 0;
+  const char *buf = l->buf + l->i - 1;
+  char c = buf[i];
 
-  newlines = 0;
-  lex->token.type = BC_LEX_WHITESPACE;
-  end = 0;
+  l->t.t = BC_LEX_NAME;
 
-  buffer = lex->buffer;
+  while ((c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') || isdigit(c) || c == '_') c = buf[++i];
 
-  for (i = ++lex->idx; !end; i += !end) {
+  if (i > BC_MAX_STRING) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_NAME_LEN;
+  bc_vec_string(&l->t.v, i, buf);
 
-    while ((c = buffer[i]) != '*' && c != '\0') {
-      if (c == '\n') ++newlines;
-      c = buffer[++i];
-    }
+  // Increment the index. We minus 1 because it has already been incremented.
+  l->i += i - 1;
 
-    if (c == '\0' || buffer[i + 1] == '\0') {
-      lex->idx = i;
-      return BC_STATUS_LEX_NO_COMMENT_END;
-    }
+  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
 
-    end = buffer[i + 1] == '/';
-  }
+void bc_lex_init(BcLex *l) {
 
-  lex->idx = i + 2;
-  lex->line += newlines;
+  bc_vec_init(&l->t.v, sizeof(char), NULL);
+}
 
-  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+void bc_lex_free(BcLex *l) {
+  bc_vec_free(&l->t.v);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_lex_number(BcLex *lex, char start) {
+void bc_lex_file(BcLex *l, const char *file) {
+  l->line = 1;
+  l->newline = 0;
+  l->f = file;
+}
 
-  const char *buffer, *buf;
-  size_t backslashes, len, hits, i, j;
-  char c;
-  int point;
+BcStatus bc_lex_next(BcLex *l) {
 
-  lex->token.type = BC_LEX_NUMBER;
-  point = start == '.';
-  buffer = lex->buffer + lex->idx;
-  backslashes = 0;
-  i = 0;
-  c = buffer[i];
+  BcStatus s;
 
-  while (c && ((c >= '0' && c <= '9') || (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F') ||
-               (c == '.' && !point) || (c == '\\' && buffer[i + 1] == '\n')))
-  {
-    if (c == '\\') {
-      ++i;
-      backslashes += 1;
-    }
+  l->t.last = l->t.t;
+  if (l->t.last == BC_LEX_EOF) return BC_STATUS_LEX_EOF;
 
-    c = buffer[++i];
-  }
+  l->line += l->newline;
+  l->t.t = BC_LEX_EOF;
 
-  len = i + 1 * (*(buffer + i - 1) != '.');
+  l->newline = (l->i == l->len);
+  if (l->newline) return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 
-  lex->token.string = malloc(len - backslashes * 2 + 1);
-  if (!lex->token.string) return BC_STATUS_MALLOC_FAIL;
+  // Loop until failure or we don't have whitespace. This
+  // is so the parser doesn't get inundated with whitespace.
+  do {
+    s = bc_lex_token(l);
+  } while (!s && l->t.t == BC_LEX_WHITESPACE);
 
-  lex->token.string[0] = start;
-  buf = buffer - 1;
-  hits = 0;
+  return s;
+}
 
-  for (j = 1; j < len; ++j) {
+BcStatus bc_lex_text(BcLex *l, const char *text) {
+  l->buf = text;
+  l->i = 0;
+  l->len = strlen(text);
+  l->t.t = l->t.last = BC_LEX_INVALID;
+  return bc_lex_next(l);
+}
 
-    c = buf[j];
+BcStatus bc_lex_identifier(BcLex *l) {
 
-    // If we have hit a backslash, skip it.
-    // We don't have to check for a newline
-    // because it's guaranteed.
-    if (hits < backslashes && c == '\\') {
-      ++hits;
-      ++j;
-      continue;
-    }
+  BcStatus s;
+  size_t i;
+  const char *buf = l->buf + l->i - 1;
+
+  for (i = 0; i < sizeof(bc_lex_kws) / sizeof(bc_lex_kws[0]); ++i) {
+
+    unsigned long len = (unsigned long) bc_lex_kws[i].len;
+
+    if (strncmp(buf, bc_lex_kws[i].name, len) == 0) {
+
+      l->t.t = BC_LEX_KEY_AUTO + (BcLexType) i;
 
-    lex->token.string[j - (hits * 2)] = c;
+      if (!bc_lex_kws[i].posix) {
+        s = bc_vm_posixError(BC_STATUS_POSIX_BAD_KW, l->f,
+                             l->line, bc_lex_kws[i].name);
+        if (s) return s;
+      }
+
+      // We minus 1 because the index has already been incremented.
+      l->i += len - 1;
+      return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+    }
   }
 
-  lex->token.string[j - (hits * 2)] = '\0';
-  lex->idx += i;
+  s = bc_lex_name(l);
+  if (s) return s;
 
-  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  if (l->t.v.len - 1 > 1)
+    s = bc_vm_posixError(BC_STATUS_POSIX_NAME_LEN, l->f, l->line, buf);
+
+  return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_lex_name(BcLex *lex) {
+BcStatus bc_lex_string(BcLex *l) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  const char *buffer;
-  size_t i;
+  size_t len, nls = 0, i = l->i;
   char c;
 
-  buffer = lex->buffer + lex->idx - 1;
+  l->t.t = BC_LEX_STR;
 
-  for (i = 0; i < sizeof(bc_lex_keywords) / sizeof(bc_lex_keywords[0]); ++i) {
+  for (c = l->buf[i]; c && c != '"'; c = l->buf[++i]) nls += (c == '\n');
 
-    if (!strncmp(buffer, bc_lex_keywords[i].name, bc_lex_keywords[i].len)) {
+  if (c == '\0') {
+    l->i = i;
+    return BC_STATUS_LEX_NO_STRING_END;
+  }
 
-      lex->token.type = BC_LEX_KEY_AUTO + i;
+  len = i - l->i;
+  if (len > BC_MAX_STRING) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_STRING_LEN;
+  bc_vec_string(&l->t.v, len, l->buf + l->i);
 
-      if (!bc_lex_keywords[i].posix &&
-          (status = bc_posix_error(BC_STATUS_POSIX_BAD_KEYWORD, lex->file,
-                                   lex->line, bc_lex_keywords[i].name)))
-      {
-        return status;
-      }
+  l->i = i + 1;
+  l->line += nls;
 
-      // We need to minus one because the
-      // index has already been incremented.
-      lex->idx += bc_lex_keywords[i].len - 1;
+  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
 
-      return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-    }
+void bc_lex_assign(BcLex *l, BcLexType with, BcLexType without) {
+  if (l->buf[l->i] == '=') {
+    ++l->i;
+    l->t.t = with;
   }
+  else l->t.t = without;
+}
 
-  lex->token.type = BC_LEX_NAME;
+BcStatus bc_lex_comment(BcLex *l) {
 
-  i = 0;
-  c = buffer[i];
+  size_t i, nls = 0;
+  const char *buf = l->buf;
+  int end = 0;
+  char c;
 
-  while ((c >= 'a' && c<= 'z') || (c >= '0' && c <= '9') || c == '_')
-    c = buffer[++i];
+  l->t.t = BC_LEX_WHITESPACE;
 
-  if (i > 1 && (status = bc_posix_error(BC_STATUS_POSIX_NAME_LEN,
-                                        lex->file, lex->line, buffer)))
-  {
-    return status;
-  }
+  for (i = ++l->i; !end; i += !end) {
 
-  if (!(lex->token.string = malloc(i + 1))) return BC_STATUS_MALLOC_FAIL;
+    for (c = buf[i]; c != '*' && c; c = buf[++i]) nls += (c == '\n');
 
-  strncpy(lex->token.string, buffer, i);
-  lex->token.string[i] = '\0';
+    if (c == 0 || buf[i + 1] == '\0') {
+      l->i = i;
+      return BC_STATUS_LEX_NO_COMMENT_END;
+    }
 
-  // Increment the index. It is minus one
-  // because it has already been incremented.
-  lex->idx += i - 1;
+    end = buf[i + 1] == '/';
+  }
+
+  l->i = i + 2;
+  l->line += nls;
 
   return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_lex_token(BcLex *lex) {
+BcStatus bc_lex_token(BcLex *l) {
 
-  BcStatus status = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-  char c, c2;
+  BcStatus s = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  char c = l->buf[l->i++], c2;
 
   // This is the workhorse of the lexer.
-  switch ((c = lex->buffer[lex->idx++])) {
+  switch (c) {
 
     case '\0':
     case '\n':
     {
-      lex->newline = 1;
-      lex->token.type = BC_LEX_NEWLINE  + (!c) * (BC_LEX_EOF - BC_LEX_NEWLINE);
+      l->newline = 1;
+      l->t.t = !c ? BC_LEX_EOF : BC_LEX_NLINE;
       break;
     }
 
@@ -2541,34 +2660,18 @@ BcStatus bc_lex_token(BcLex *lex) {
     case '\f':
     case '\r':
     case ' ':
-    case '\\':
     {
-      lex->token.type = BC_LEX_WHITESPACE;
-      c = lex->buffer[lex->idx];
-
-      while ((isspace(c) && c != '\n') || c == '\\')
-        c = lex->buffer[++lex->idx];
-
+      bc_lex_whitespace(l);
       break;
     }
 
     case '!':
     {
-      c2 = lex->buffer[lex->idx];
+      bc_lex_assign(l, BC_LEX_OP_REL_NE, BC_LEX_OP_BOOL_NOT);
 
-      if (c2 == '=') {
-        ++lex->idx;
-        lex->token.type = BC_LEX_OP_REL_NOT_EQ;
-      }
-      else {
-
-        if ((status = bc_posix_error(BC_STATUS_POSIX_BOOL_OPS,
-                                     lex->file, lex->line, "!")))
-        {
-          return status;
-        }
-
-        lex->token.type = BC_LEX_OP_BOOL_NOT;
+      if (l->t.t == BC_LEX_OP_BOOL_NOT) {
+        s = bc_vm_posixError(BC_STATUS_POSIX_BOOL, l->f, l->line, "!");
+        if (s) return s;
       }
 
       break;
@@ -2576,50 +2679,40 @@ BcStatus bc_lex_token(BcLex *lex) {
 
     case '"':
     {
-      status = bc_lex_string(lex);
+      s = bc_lex_string(l);
       break;
     }
 
     case '#':
     {
-      if ((status = bc_posix_error(BC_STATUS_POSIX_SCRIPT_COMMENT,
-                                  lex->file, lex->line, NULL)))
-      {
-        return status;
-      }
+      s = bc_vm_posixError(BC_STATUS_POSIX_COMMENT, l->f, l->line, NULL);
+      if (s) return s;
 
-      lex->token.type = BC_LEX_WHITESPACE;
-      while (++lex->idx < lex->len && lex->buffer[lex->idx] != '\n');
+      bc_lex_lineComment(l);
 
       break;
     }
 
     case '%':
     {
-      if ((c2 = lex->buffer[lex->idx]) == '=') {
-        ++lex->idx;
-        lex->token.type = BC_LEX_OP_ASSIGN_MODULUS;
-      }
-      else lex->token.type = BC_LEX_OP_MODULUS;
+      bc_lex_assign(l, BC_LEX_OP_ASSIGN_MODULUS, BC_LEX_OP_MODULUS);
       break;
     }
 
     case '&':
     {
-      if ((c2 = lex->buffer[lex->idx]) == '&') {
+      c2 = l->buf[l->i];
+      if (c2 == '&') {
 
-        if ((status = bc_posix_error(BC_STATUS_POSIX_BOOL_OPS,
-                                     lex->file, lex->line, "&&")))
-        {
-          return status;
-        }
+        s = bc_vm_posixError(BC_STATUS_POSIX_BOOL, l->f, l->line, "&&");
+        if (s) return s;
 
-        ++lex->idx;
-        lex->token.type = BC_LEX_OP_BOOL_AND;
+        ++l->i;
+        l->t.t = BC_LEX_OP_BOOL_AND;
       }
       else {
-        lex->token.type = BC_LEX_INVALID;
-        status = BC_STATUS_LEX_BAD_CHARACTER;
+        l->t.t = BC_LEX_INVALID;
+        s = BC_STATUS_LEX_BAD_CHAR;
       }
 
       break;
@@ -2628,74 +2721,59 @@ BcStatus bc_lex_token(BcLex *lex) {
     case '(':
     case ')':
     {
-      lex->token.type = c - '(' + BC_LEX_LEFT_PAREN;
+      l->t.t = (BcLexType) (c - '(' + BC_LEX_LPAREN);
       break;
     }
 
     case '*':
     {
-      if ((c2 = lex->buffer[lex->idx]) == '=') {
-        ++lex->idx;
-        lex->token.type = BC_LEX_OP_ASSIGN_MULTIPLY;
-      }
-      else lex->token.type = BC_LEX_OP_MULTIPLY;
+      bc_lex_assign(l, BC_LEX_OP_ASSIGN_MULTIPLY, BC_LEX_OP_MULTIPLY);
       break;
     }
 
     case '+':
     {
-      if ((c2 = lex->buffer[lex->idx]) == '=') {
-        ++lex->idx;
-        lex->token.type = BC_LEX_OP_ASSIGN_PLUS;
+      c2 = l->buf[l->i];
+      if (c2 == '+') {
+        ++l->i;
+        l->t.t = BC_LEX_OP_INC;
       }
-      else if (c2 == '+') {
-        ++lex->idx;
-        lex->token.type = BC_LEX_OP_INC;
-      }
-      else lex->token.type = BC_LEX_OP_PLUS;
+      else bc_lex_assign(l, BC_LEX_OP_ASSIGN_PLUS, BC_LEX_OP_PLUS);
       break;
     }
 
     case ',':
     {
-      lex->token.type = BC_LEX_COMMA;
+      l->t.t = BC_LEX_COMMA;
       break;
     }
 
     case '-':
     {
-      if ((c2 = lex->buffer[lex->idx]) == '=') {
-        ++lex->idx;
-        lex->token.type = BC_LEX_OP_ASSIGN_MINUS;
-      }
-      else if (c2 == '-') {
-        ++lex->idx;
-        lex->token.type = BC_LEX_OP_DEC;
+      c2 = l->buf[l->i];
+      if (c2 == '-') {
+        ++l->i;
+        l->t.t = BC_LEX_OP_DEC;
       }
-      else lex->token.type = BC_LEX_OP_MINUS;
+      else bc_lex_assign(l, BC_LEX_OP_ASSIGN_MINUS, BC_LEX_OP_MINUS);
       break;
     }
 
     case '.':
     {
-      c2 = lex->buffer[lex->idx];
-      if (isdigit(c2)) status = bc_lex_number(lex, c);
+      if (isdigit(l->buf[l->i])) s = bc_lex_number(l, c);
       else {
-        status = bc_posix_error(BC_STATUS_POSIX_DOT_LAST,
-                                lex->file, lex->line, NULL);
-        lex->token.type = BC_LEX_KEY_LAST;
+        l->t.t = BC_LEX_KEY_LAST;
+        s = bc_vm_posixError(BC_STATUS_POSIX_DOT, l->f, l->line, NULL);
       }
       break;
     }
 
     case '/':
     {
-      if ((c2 = lex->buffer[lex->idx]) == '=') {
-        ++lex->idx;
-        lex->token.type = BC_LEX_OP_ASSIGN_DIVIDE;
-      }
-      else if (c2 == '*') status = bc_lex_comment(lex);
-      else lex->token.type = BC_LEX_OP_DIVIDE;
+      c2 = l->buf[l->i];
+      if (c2 =='*') s = bc_lex_comment(l);
+      else bc_lex_assign(l, BC_LEX_OP_ASSIGN_DIVIDE, BC_LEX_OP_DIVIDE);
       break;
     }
 
@@ -2709,72 +2787,61 @@ BcStatus bc_lex_token(BcLex *lex) {
     case '7':
     case '8':
     case '9':
+    case 'A':
+    case 'B':
+    case 'C':
+    case 'D':
+    case 'E':
+    case 'F':
     {
-      status = bc_lex_number(lex, c);
+      s = bc_lex_number(l, c);
       break;
     }
 
     case ';':
     {
-      lex->token.type = BC_LEX_SEMICOLON;
+      l->t.t = BC_LEX_SCOLON;
       break;
     }
 
     case '<':
     {
-      if ((c2 = lex->buffer[lex->idx]) == '=') {
-        ++lex->idx;
-        lex->token.type = BC_LEX_OP_REL_LESS_EQ;
-      }
-      else lex->token.type = BC_LEX_OP_REL_LESS;
+      bc_lex_assign(l, BC_LEX_OP_REL_LE, BC_LEX_OP_REL_LT);
       break;
     }
 
     case '=':
     {
-      if ((c2 = lex->buffer[lex->idx]) == '=') {
-        ++lex->idx;
-        lex->token.type = BC_LEX_OP_REL_EQUAL;
-      }
-      else lex->token.type = BC_LEX_OP_ASSIGN;
+      bc_lex_assign(l, BC_LEX_OP_REL_EQ, BC_LEX_OP_ASSIGN);
       break;
     }
 
     case '>':
     {
-      if ((c2 = lex->buffer[lex->idx]) == '=') {
-        ++lex->idx;
-        lex->token.type = BC_LEX_OP_REL_GREATER_EQ;
-      }
-      else lex->token.type = BC_LEX_OP_REL_GREATER;
+      bc_lex_assign(l, BC_LEX_OP_REL_GE, BC_LEX_OP_REL_GT);
       break;
     }
 
-    case 'A':
-    case 'B':
-    case 'C':
-    case 'D':
-    case 'E':
-    case 'F':
+    case '[':
+    case ']':
     {
-      status = bc_lex_number(lex, c);
+      l->t.t = (BcLexType) (c - '[' + BC_LEX_LBRACKET);
       break;
     }
 
-    case '[':
-    case ']':
+    case '\\':
     {
-      lex->token.type = c - '[' + BC_LEX_LEFT_BRACKET;
+      if (l->buf[l->i] == '\n') {
+        l->t.t = BC_LEX_WHITESPACE;
+        ++l->i;
+      }
+      else s = BC_STATUS_LEX_BAD_CHAR;
       break;
     }
 
     case '^':
     {
-      if ((c2 = lex->buffer[lex->idx]) == '=') {
-        ++lex->idx;
-        lex->token.type = BC_LEX_OP_ASSIGN_POWER;
-      }
-      else lex->token.type = BC_LEX_OP_POWER;
+      bc_lex_assign(l, BC_LEX_OP_ASSIGN_POWER, BC_LEX_OP_POWER);
       break;
     }
 
@@ -2805,33 +2872,32 @@ BcStatus bc_lex_token(BcLex *lex) {
     case 'y':
     case 'z':
     {
-      status = bc_lex_name(lex);
+      s = bc_lex_identifier(l);
       break;
     }
 
     case '{':
     case '}':
     {
-      lex->token.type = c - '{' + BC_LEX_LEFT_BRACE;
+      l->t.t = (BcLexType) (c - '{' + BC_LEX_LBRACE);
       break;
     }
 
     case '|':
     {
-      if ((c2 = lex->buffer[lex->idx]) == '|') {
+      c2 = l->buf[l->i];
 
-        if ((status = bc_posix_error(BC_STATUS_POSIX_BOOL_OPS,
-                                     lex->file, lex->line, "||")))
-        {
-          return status;
-        }
+      if (c2 == '|') {
+
+        s = bc_vm_posixError(BC_STATUS_POSIX_BOOL, l->f, l->line, "||");
+        if (s) return s;
 
-        ++lex->idx;
-        lex->token.type = BC_LEX_OP_BOOL_OR;
+        ++l->i;
+        l->t.t = BC_LEX_OP_BOOL_OR;
       }
       else {
-        lex->token.type = BC_LEX_INVALID;
-        status = BC_STATUS_LEX_BAD_CHARACTER;
+        l->t.t = BC_LEX_INVALID;
+        s = BC_STATUS_LEX_BAD_CHAR;
       }
 
       break;
@@ -2839,337 +2905,392 @@ BcStatus bc_lex_token(BcLex *lex) {
 
     default:
     {
-      lex->token.type = BC_LEX_INVALID;
-      status = BC_STATUS_LEX_BAD_CHARACTER;
+      l->t.t = BC_LEX_INVALID;
+      s = BC_STATUS_LEX_BAD_CHAR;
       break;
     }
   }
 
-  return status;
+  return s;
 }
 
-void bc_lex_init(BcLex *lex, const char *file) {
-  lex->line = 1;
-  lex->newline = 0;
-  lex->file = file;
+void bc_parse_addFunc(BcParse *p, char *name, size_t *idx) {
+  bc_program_addFunc(p->prog, name, idx);
+  p->func = bc_vec_item(&p->prog->fns, p->fidx);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_lex_next(BcLex *lex) {
+void bc_parse_pushName(BcParse *p, char *name) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
+  size_t i = 0, len = strlen(name);
 
-  if (lex->token.type == BC_LEX_EOF) return BC_STATUS_LEX_EOF;
+  for (; i < len; ++i) bc_parse_push(p, name[i]);
+  bc_parse_push(p, BC_PARSE_STREND);
 
-  if (lex->idx == lex->len) {
-    lex->newline = 1;
-    lex->token.type = BC_LEX_EOF;
-    return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-  }
+  free(name);
+}
 
-  if (lex->newline) {
-    ++lex->line;
-    lex->newline = 0;
-  }
+void bc_parse_pushIndex(BcParse *p, size_t idx) {
 
-  // Loop until failure or we don't have whitespace. This
-  // is so the parser doesn't get inundated with whitespace.
-  do {
-    lex->token.string = NULL;
-    status = bc_lex_token(lex);
-  } while (!status && lex->token.type == BC_LEX_WHITESPACE);
+  unsigned char amt, i, nums[sizeof(size_t)];
 
-  return status;
-}
+  for (amt = 0; idx; ++amt) {
+    nums[amt] = (char) idx;
+    idx = (idx & ((unsigned long) ~(UCHAR_MAX))) >> sizeof(char) * CHAR_BIT;
+  }
 
-BcStatus bc_lex_text(BcLex *lex, const char *text) {
-  lex->buffer = text;
-  lex->idx = 0;
-  lex->len = strlen(text);
-  lex->token.type = BC_LEX_INVALID;
-  return bc_lex_next(lex);
+  bc_parse_push(p, amt);
+  for (i = 0; i < amt; ++i) bc_parse_push(p, nums[i]);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_else(BcParse *p, BcVec *code);
-BcStatus bc_parse_stmt(BcParse *p, BcVec *code);
+void bc_parse_number(BcParse *p, BcInst *prev, size_t *nexs) {
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_pushName(BcVec *code, char *name) {
+  char *num = xstrdup(p->l.t.v.v);
+  size_t idx = p->prog->consts.len;
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  size_t len, i;
+  bc_vec_push(&p->prog->consts, &num);
+
+  bc_parse_push(p, BC_INST_NUM);
+  bc_parse_pushIndex(p, idx);
 
-  status = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-  len = strlen(name);
+  ++(*nexs);
+  (*prev) = BC_INST_NUM;
+}
 
-  for (i = 0; !status && i < len; ++i)
-    status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, (uint8_t) name[i]);
+BcStatus bc_parse_text(BcParse *p, const char *text) {
 
-  if (status) return status;
+  BcStatus s;
 
-  free(name);
+  p->func = bc_vec_item(&p->prog->fns, p->fidx);
 
-  return bc_vec_pushByte(code, (uint8_t) ':');
+  if (!strcmp(text, "") && !BC_PARSE_CAN_EXEC(p)) {
+    p->l.t.t = BC_LEX_INVALID;
+    s = bc_parse_parse(p);
+    if (s) return s;
+    if (!BC_PARSE_CAN_EXEC(p)) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_FILE_NOT_EXECUTABLE;
+  }
+
+  return bc_lex_text(&p->l, text);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_pushIndex(BcVec *code, size_t idx) {
+BcStatus bc_parse_reset(BcParse *p, BcStatus s) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  uint8_t amt, i, nums[sizeof(size_t)];
+  if (p->fidx != BC_PROG_MAIN) {
 
-  for (amt = 0; idx; ++amt) {
-    nums[amt] = (uint8_t) idx;
-    idx = (idx & ~(UINT8_MAX)) >> sizeof(uint8_t) * CHAR_BIT;
+    p->func->nparams = 0;
+    bc_vec_npop(&p->func->code, p->func->code.len);
+    bc_vec_npop(&p->func->autos, p->func->autos.len);
+    bc_vec_npop(&p->func->labels, p->func->labels.len);
+
+    bc_parse_updateFunc(p, BC_PROG_MAIN);
   }
 
-  if ((status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, amt))) return status;
-  for (i = 0; !status && i < amt; ++i) status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, nums[i]);
+  p->l.i = p->l.len;
+  p->l.t.t = BC_LEX_EOF;
+  p->auto_part = (p->nbraces = 0);
+
+  bc_vec_npop(&p->flags, p->flags.len - 1);
+  bc_vec_npop(&p->exits, p->exits.len);
+  bc_vec_npop(&p->conds, p->conds.len);
+  bc_vec_npop(&p->ops, p->ops.len);
+
+  return bc_program_reset(p->prog, s);
+}
+
+void bc_parse_free(BcParse *p) {
+  bc_vec_free(&p->flags);
+  bc_vec_free(&p->exits);
+  bc_vec_free(&p->conds);
+  bc_vec_free(&p->ops);
+  bc_lex_free(&p->l);
+}
+
+void bc_parse_init(BcParse *p, BcProgram *prog, size_t func) {
+
+  memset(p, 0, sizeof(BcParse));
+
+  bc_lex_init(&p->l);
+  bc_vec_init(&p->flags, sizeof(uint8_t), NULL);
+  bc_vec_init(&p->exits, sizeof(BcInstPtr), NULL);
+  bc_vec_init(&p->conds, sizeof(size_t), NULL);
+  bc_vec_pushByte(&p->flags, 0);
+  bc_vec_init(&p->ops, sizeof(BcLexType), NULL);
 
-  return status;
+  p->prog = prog;
+  p->auto_part = (p->nbraces = 0);
+  bc_parse_updateFunc(p, func);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_operator(BcParse *p, BcVec *code, BcVec *ops, BcLexToken t,
-                           uint32_t *num_exprs, int next)
+BcStatus bc_parse_else(BcParse *p);
+BcStatus bc_parse_stmt(BcParse *p);
+
+BcStatus bc_parse_operator(BcParse *p, BcLexType type, size_t start,
+                           size_t *nexprs, int next)
 {
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcLexToken top;
-  uint8_t lp, rp;
-  int rleft;
+  BcStatus s = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  BcLexType t;
+  char l, r = bc_parse_ops[type - BC_LEX_OP_INC].prec;
+  int left = bc_parse_ops[type - BC_LEX_OP_INC].left;
 
-  rp = bc_parse_ops[t].prec;
-  rleft = bc_parse_ops[t].left;
+  while (p->ops.len > start) {
 
-  while (ops->len &&
-         (top = *((BcLexToken*) bc_vec_top(ops))) != BC_LEX_LEFT_PAREN &&
-         ((lp = bc_parse_ops[top].prec) < rp || (lp == rp && rleft)))
-  {
-    status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_PARSE_TOKEN_TO_INST(top));
-    if (status) return status;
+    t = BC_PARSE_TOP_OP(p);
+    if (t == BC_LEX_LPAREN) break;
 
-    bc_vec_pop(ops);
+    l = bc_parse_ops[t - BC_LEX_OP_INC].prec;
+    if (l >= r && (l != r || !left)) break;
 
-    *num_exprs -= top != BC_LEX_OP_BOOL_NOT && top != BC_LEX_OP_NEG;
+    bc_parse_push(p, BC_PARSE_TOKEN_INST(t));
+    bc_vec_pop(&p->ops);
+    *nexprs -= t != BC_LEX_OP_BOOL_NOT && t != BC_LEX_NEG;
   }
 
-  if ((status = bc_vec_push(ops, &t))) return status;
-  if (next && (status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex)) && p->lex.token.string) {
-    free(p->lex.token.string);
-    p->lex.token.string = NULL;
-  }
+  bc_vec_push(&p->ops, &type);
+  if (next) s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
 
-  return status;
+  return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_rightParen(BcParse *p, BcVec *code,
-                             BcVec *ops, uint32_t *nexs)
-{
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcLexToken top;
+BcStatus bc_parse_rightParen(BcParse *p, size_t ops_bgn, size_t *nexs) {
 
-  if (!ops->len) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_EXPR;
+  BcLexType top;
 
-  while ((top = *((BcLexToken*) bc_vec_top(ops))) != BC_LEX_LEFT_PAREN) {
+  if (p->ops.len <= ops_bgn) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_EXP;
+  top = BC_PARSE_TOP_OP(p);
 
-    status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_PARSE_TOKEN_TO_INST(top));
-    if (status) return status;
+  while (top != BC_LEX_LPAREN) {
 
-    bc_vec_pop(ops);
-    *nexs -= top != BC_LEX_OP_BOOL_NOT && top != BC_LEX_OP_NEG;
+    bc_parse_push(p, BC_PARSE_TOKEN_INST(top));
 
-    if (!ops->len) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_EXPR;
+    bc_vec_pop(&p->ops);
+    *nexs -= top != BC_LEX_OP_BOOL_NOT && top != BC_LEX_NEG;
+
+    if (p->ops.len <= ops_bgn) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_EXP;
+    top = BC_PARSE_TOP_OP(p);
   }
 
-  bc_vec_pop(ops);
+  bc_vec_pop(&p->ops);
 
-  return bc_lex_next(&p->lex);
+  return bc_lex_next(&p->l);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_params(BcParse *p, BcVec *code, uint8_t flags) {
+BcStatus bc_parse_params(BcParse *p, uint8_t flags) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
+  BcStatus s;
   int comma = 0;
   size_t nparams;
 
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
 
-  for (nparams = 0; p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_RIGHT_PAREN; ++nparams) {
+  for (nparams = 0; p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_RPAREN; ++nparams) {
 
-    status = bc_parse_expr(p, code, flags & ~(BC_PARSE_EXPR_PRINT));
-    if (status) return status;
+    flags = (flags & ~(BC_PARSE_PRINT | BC_PARSE_REL)) | BC_PARSE_ARRAY;
+    s = bc_parse_expr(p, flags, bc_parse_next_param);
+    if (s) return s;
 
-    if (p->lex.token.type == BC_LEX_COMMA) {
-      comma = 1;
-      if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
+    comma = p->l.t.t == BC_LEX_COMMA;
+    if (comma) {
+      s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+      if (s) return s;
     }
-    else comma = 0;
   }
 
   if (comma) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
-  if ((status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_CALL))) return status;
+  bc_parse_push(p, BC_INST_CALL);
+  bc_parse_pushIndex(p, nparams);
 
-  return bc_parse_pushIndex(code, nparams);
+  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_call(BcParse *p, BcVec *code, char *name, uint8_t flags) {
+BcStatus bc_parse_call(BcParse *p, char *name, uint8_t flags) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcEntry entry, *entry_ptr;
+  BcStatus s;
+  BcId entry, *entry_ptr;
   size_t idx;
 
   entry.name = name;
 
-  if ((status = bc_parse_params(p, code, flags))) goto err;
+  s = bc_parse_params(p, flags);
+  if (s) goto err;
 
-  if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_RIGHT_PAREN) {
-    status = BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
+  if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_RPAREN) {
+    s = BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
     goto err;
   }
 
-  idx = bc_veco_index(&p->prog->func_map, &entry);
+  idx = bc_map_index(&p->prog->fn_map, &entry);
 
-  if (idx == -1) {
-    if ((status = bc_program_addFunc(p->prog, name, &idx))) return status;
-    name = NULL;
+  if (idx == ((size_t) -1)) {
+    name = xstrdup(entry.name);
+    bc_parse_addFunc(p, name, &idx);
+    idx = bc_map_index(&p->prog->fn_map, &entry);
+    free(entry.name);
   }
   else free(name);
 
-  entry_ptr = bc_veco_item(&p->prog->func_map, idx);
-  if ((status = bc_parse_pushIndex(code, entry_ptr->idx))) return status;
+  entry_ptr = bc_vec_item(&p->prog->fn_map, idx);
+  bc_parse_pushIndex(p, entry_ptr->idx);
 
-  return bc_lex_next(&p->lex);
+  return bc_lex_next(&p->l);
 
 err:
-  if (name) free(name);
-  return status;
+  free(name);
+  return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_name(BcParse *p, BcVec *code, BcInst *type, uint8_t flags)
-{
-  BcStatus status;
+BcStatus bc_parse_name(BcParse *p, BcInst *type, uint8_t flags) {
+
+  BcStatus s;
   char *name;
 
-  name = p->lex.token.string;
+  name = xstrdup(p->l.t.v.v);
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) goto err;
 
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) goto err;
+  if (p->l.t.t == BC_LEX_LBRACKET) {
 
-  if (p->lex.token.type == BC_LEX_LEFT_BRACKET) {
+    s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+    if (s) goto err;
 
-    *type = BC_INST_PUSH_ARRAY_ELEM;
+    if (p->l.t.t == BC_LEX_RBRACKET) {
 
-    if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) goto err;
-    if ((status = bc_parse_expr(p, code, flags))) goto err;
+      if (!(flags & BC_PARSE_ARRAY)) {
+        s = BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_EXP;
+        goto err;
+      }
 
-    if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_RIGHT_BRACKET) {
-      status = BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
-      goto err;
+      *type = BC_INST_ARRAY;
     }
+    else {
+
+      *type = BC_INST_ARRAY_ELEM;
 
-    if ((status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_PUSH_ARRAY_ELEM))) goto err;
+      flags &= ~(BC_PARSE_PRINT | BC_PARSE_REL);
+      s = bc_parse_expr(p, flags, bc_parse_next_elem);
+      if (s) goto err;
+    }
 
-    status = bc_parse_pushName(code, name);
+    s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+    if (s) goto err;
+    bc_parse_push(p, *type);
+    bc_parse_pushName(p, name);
   }
-  else if (p->lex.token.type == BC_LEX_LEFT_PAREN) {
+  else if (p->l.t.t == BC_LEX_LPAREN) {
 
-    if (flags & BC_PARSE_EXPR_NOCALL) {
-      status = BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
+    if (flags & BC_PARSE_NOCALL) {
+      s = BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
       goto err;
     }
 
     *type = BC_INST_CALL;
-    status = bc_parse_call(p, code, name, flags);
+    s = bc_parse_call(p, name, flags);
   }
   else {
-    *type = BC_INST_PUSH_VAR;
-    if ((status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_PUSH_VAR))) goto err;
-    status = bc_parse_pushName(code, name);
+    *type = BC_INST_VAR;
+     bc_parse_push(p, BC_INST_VAR);
+    bc_parse_pushName(p, name);
   }
 
-  return status;
+  return s;
 
 err:
   free(name);
-  return status;
+  return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_read(BcParse *p, BcVec *code) {
+BcStatus bc_parse_read(BcParse *p) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
+  BcStatus s;
 
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
-  if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_LEFT_PAREN) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
+  if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_LPAREN) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
 
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
-  if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_RIGHT_PAREN) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
+  if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_RPAREN) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
 
-  if ((status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_READ))) return status;
+  bc_parse_push(p, BC_INST_READ);
 
-  return bc_lex_next(&p->lex);
+  return bc_lex_next(&p->l);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_builtin(BcParse *p, BcVec *code,
-                          BcLexToken type, uint8_t flags)
+BcStatus bc_parse_builtin(BcParse *p, BcLexType type,
+                          uint8_t flags, BcInst *prev)
 {
-  BcStatus status;
-  uint8_t inst;
+  BcStatus s;
+
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
+  if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_LPAREN) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
 
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
-  if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_LEFT_PAREN) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
+  flags = (flags & ~(BC_PARSE_PRINT | BC_PARSE_REL)) | BC_PARSE_ARRAY;
 
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
 
-  status = bc_parse_expr(p, code, flags & ~(BC_PARSE_EXPR_PRINT));
-  if (status) return status;
-  if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_RIGHT_PAREN) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
+  s = bc_parse_expr(p, flags, bc_parse_next_rel);
+  if (s) return s;
 
-  inst = type == BC_LEX_KEY_LENGTH ? BC_INST_LENGTH : BC_INST_SQRT;
-  if ((status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, inst))) return status;
+  if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_RPAREN) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
 
-  return bc_lex_next(&p->lex);
+  *prev = (type == BC_LEX_KEY_LENGTH) ? BC_INST_LENGTH : BC_INST_SQRT;
+  bc_parse_push(p, *prev);
+
+  return bc_lex_next(&p->l);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_scale(BcParse *p, BcVec *code, BcInst *type, uint8_t flags) {
+BcStatus bc_parse_scale(BcParse *p, BcInst *type, uint8_t flags) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
+  BcStatus s;
 
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
 
-  if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_LEFT_PAREN) {
-    *type = BC_INST_PUSH_SCALE;
-    return bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_PUSH_SCALE);
+  if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_LPAREN) {
+    *type = BC_INST_SCALE;
+    bc_parse_push(p, BC_INST_SCALE);
+    return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
   }
 
   *type = BC_INST_SCALE_FUNC;
+  flags &= ~(BC_PARSE_PRINT | BC_PARSE_REL);
 
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_parse_expr(p, code, flags))) return status;
-  if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_RIGHT_PAREN) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
-  if ((status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_SCALE_FUNC))) return status;
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
 
-  return bc_lex_next(&p->lex);
+  s = bc_parse_expr(p, flags, bc_parse_next_rel);
+  if (s) return s;
+  if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_RPAREN) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
+  bc_parse_push(p, BC_INST_SCALE_FUNC);
+
+  return bc_lex_next(&p->l);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_incdec(BcParse *p, BcVec *code, BcInst *prev,
-                         uint32_t *nexprs, uint8_t flags)
+BcStatus bc_parse_incdec(BcParse *p, BcInst *prev, int *paren_expr,
+                         size_t *nexprs, uint8_t flags)
 {
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcLexToken type;
-  BcInst etype;
-  uint8_t inst;
-
-  etype = *prev;
+  BcStatus s;
+  BcLexType type;
+  char inst;
+  BcInst etype = *prev;
 
-  if (etype == BC_INST_PUSH_VAR || etype == BC_INST_PUSH_ARRAY_ELEM ||
-      etype == BC_INST_PUSH_SCALE || etype == BC_INST_PUSH_LAST ||
-      etype == BC_INST_PUSH_IBASE || etype == BC_INST_PUSH_OBASE)
+  if (etype == BC_INST_VAR || etype == BC_INST_ARRAY_ELEM ||
+      etype == BC_INST_SCALE || etype == BC_INST_LAST ||
+      etype == BC_INST_IBASE || etype == BC_INST_OBASE)
   {
-    *prev = inst = BC_INST_INC_POST + (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_OP_INC);
-    if ((status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, inst))) return status;
-    status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex);
+    *prev = inst = BC_INST_INC_POST + (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_OP_INC);
+    bc_parse_push(p, inst);
+    s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
   }
   else {
 
-    *prev = inst = BC_INST_INC_PRE + (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_OP_INC);
+    *prev = inst = BC_INST_INC_PRE + (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_OP_INC);
+    *paren_expr = 1;
 
-    if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
-    type = p->lex.token.type;
+    s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+    if (s) return s;
+    type = p->l.t.t;
 
     // Because we parse the next part of the expression
     // right here, we need to increment this.
@@ -3179,222 +3300,173 @@ BcStatus bc_parse_incdec(BcParse *p, BcVec *code, BcInst *prev,
 
       case BC_LEX_NAME:
       {
-        status = bc_parse_name(p, code, prev, flags | BC_PARSE_EXPR_NOCALL);
+        s = bc_parse_name(p, prev, flags | BC_PARSE_NOCALL);
         break;
       }
 
       case BC_LEX_KEY_IBASE:
-      {
-        if ((status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_PUSH_IBASE))) return status;
-        status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex);
-        break;
-      }
-
       case BC_LEX_KEY_LAST:
-      {
-        if ((status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_PUSH_LAST))) return status;
-        status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex);
-        break;
-      }
-
       case BC_LEX_KEY_OBASE:
       {
-        if ((status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_PUSH_OBASE))) return status;
-        status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex);
+        bc_parse_push(p, type - BC_LEX_KEY_IBASE + BC_INST_IBASE);
+        s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
         break;
       }
 
       case BC_LEX_KEY_SCALE:
       {
-        if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
-        if (p->lex.token.type == BC_LEX_LEFT_PAREN)
-          return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
-
-        status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_PUSH_SCALE);
-
+        s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+        if (s) return s;
+        if (p->l.t.t == BC_LEX_LPAREN) s = BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
+        else bc_parse_push(p, BC_INST_SCALE);
         break;
       }
 
       default:
       {
-        return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
+        s = BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
+        break;
       }
     }
 
-    if (status) return status;
-    status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, inst);
+    if (!s) bc_parse_push(p, inst);
   }
 
-  return status;
+  return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_minus(BcParse *p, BcVec *exs, BcVec *ops, BcInst *prev,
-                        int rparen, uint32_t *nexprs)
+BcStatus bc_parse_minus(BcParse *p, BcInst *prev, size_t ops_bgn,
+                        int rparen, size_t *nexprs)
 {
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcLexToken type;
-  BcInst etype;
-
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
-
-  etype = *prev;
-  type = p->lex.token.type;
+  BcStatus s;
+  BcLexType type;
+  BcInst etype = *prev;
 
-  if (type != BC_LEX_NAME && type != BC_LEX_NUMBER &&
-      type != BC_LEX_KEY_SCALE && type != BC_LEX_KEY_LAST &&
-      type != BC_LEX_KEY_IBASE && type != BC_LEX_KEY_OBASE &&
-      type != BC_LEX_LEFT_PAREN && type != BC_LEX_OP_MINUS &&
-      type != BC_LEX_OP_INC && type != BC_LEX_OP_DEC &&
-      type != BC_LEX_OP_BOOL_NOT)
-  {
-    return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
-  }
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
 
   type = rparen || etype == BC_INST_INC_POST || etype == BC_INST_DEC_POST ||
-         (etype >= BC_INST_PUSH_NUM && etype <= BC_INST_SQRT) ?
-                  BC_LEX_OP_MINUS : BC_LEX_OP_NEG;
-  *prev = BC_PARSE_TOKEN_TO_INST(type);
+         (etype >= BC_INST_NUM && etype <= BC_INST_SQRT) ?
+                   BC_LEX_OP_MINUS : BC_LEX_NEG;
+  *prev = BC_PARSE_TOKEN_INST(type);
 
-  if (type == BC_LEX_OP_MINUS)
-    status = bc_parse_operator(p, exs, ops, type, nexprs, 0);
-  else
-    // We can just push onto the op stack because this is the largest
-    // precedence operator that gets pushed. Inc/dec does not.
-    status = bc_vec_push(ops, &type);
+  // We can just push onto the op stack because this is the largest
+  // precedence operator that gets pushed. Inc/dec does not.
+  if (type != BC_LEX_OP_MINUS) bc_vec_push(&p->ops, &type);
+  else s = bc_parse_operator(p, type, ops_bgn, nexprs, 0);
 
-  return status;
+  return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_string(BcParse *p, BcVec *code) {
+BcStatus bc_parse_string(BcParse *p, char inst) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  size_t len;
+  char *str = xstrdup(p->l.t.v.v);
 
-  if (strlen(p->lex.token.string) > (unsigned long) maxof_STRING) {
-    status = BC_STATUS_EXEC_STRING_LEN;
-    goto err;
-  }
-
-  len = p->prog->strings.len;
+  bc_parse_push(p, BC_INST_STR);
+  bc_parse_pushIndex(p, p->prog->strs.len);
+  bc_vec_push(&p->prog->strs, &str);
+  bc_parse_push(p, inst);
 
-  if ((status = bc_vec_push(&p->prog->strings, &p->lex.token.string))) goto err;
-  if ((status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_STR))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_parse_pushIndex(code, len))) return status;
-
-  return bc_lex_next(&p->lex);
-
-err:
-  free(p->lex.token.string);
-  return status;
+  return bc_lex_next(&p->l);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_print(BcParse *p, BcVec *code) {
+BcStatus bc_parse_print(BcParse *p) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcLexToken type;
-  int comma;
+  BcStatus s;
+  BcLexType type;
+  int comma = 0;
 
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
 
-  type = p->lex.token.type;
+  type = p->l.t.t;
 
-  if (type == BC_LEX_SEMICOLON || type == BC_LEX_NEWLINE)
+  if (type == BC_LEX_SCOLON || type == BC_LEX_NLINE)
     return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_PRINT;
 
-  comma = 0;
-
-  while (!status && type != BC_LEX_SEMICOLON && type != BC_LEX_NEWLINE) {
-
-    if (type == BC_LEX_STRING) {
-
-      size_t len = p->prog->strings.len;
+  while (!s && type != BC_LEX_SCOLON && type != BC_LEX_NLINE) {
 
-      status = bc_vec_push(&p->prog->strings, &p->lex.token.string);
-      if (status) {
-        free(p->lex.token.string);
-        return status;
-      }
-
-      if ((status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_PRINT_STR))) return status;
-      status = bc_parse_pushIndex(code, len);
-    }
+    if (type == BC_LEX_STR) s = bc_parse_string(p, BC_INST_PRINT_POP);
     else {
-      if ((status = bc_parse_expr(p, code, 0))) return status;
-      status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_PRINT_EXPR);
+      s = bc_parse_expr(p, 0, bc_parse_next_print);
+      if (s) return s;
+      bc_parse_push(p, BC_INST_PRINT_POP);
     }
 
-    if (status) return status;
-    if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
+    if (s) return s;
 
-    if (p->lex.token.type == BC_LEX_COMMA) {
-      comma = 1;
-      status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex);
-    }
-    else comma = 0;
-
-    type = p->lex.token.type;
+    comma = p->l.t.t == BC_LEX_COMMA;
+    if (comma) s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+    type = p->l.t.t;
   }
 
-  if (status) return status;
+  if (s) return s;
   if (comma) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
 
-  return bc_lex_next(&p->lex);
+  return bc_lex_next(&p->l);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_return(BcParse *p, BcVec *code) {
+BcStatus bc_parse_return(BcParse *p) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
+  BcStatus s;
+  BcLexType t;
+  int paren;
 
   if (!BC_PARSE_FUNC(p)) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
 
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
 
-  if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_NEWLINE &&
-      p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_SEMICOLON &&
-      p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_LEFT_PAREN &&
-      (status = bc_posix_error(BC_STATUS_POSIX_RETURN_PARENS,
-                               p->lex.file, p->lex.line, NULL)))
-  {
-     return status;
-  }
+  t = p->l.t.t;
+  paren = t == BC_LEX_LPAREN;
 
-  if (p->lex.token.type == BC_LEX_NEWLINE ||
-      p->lex.token.type == BC_LEX_SEMICOLON)
-  {
-    status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_RETURN_ZERO);
-  }
+  if (t == BC_LEX_NLINE || t == BC_LEX_SCOLON) bc_parse_push(p, BC_INST_RET0);
   else {
-    if ((status = bc_parse_expr(p, code, 0))) return status;
-    status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_RETURN);
-  }
 
-  return status;
-}
+    s = bc_parse_expr(p, 0, bc_parse_next_expr);
+    if (s && s != BC_STATUS_PARSE_EMPTY_EXP) return s;
+    else if (s == BC_STATUS_PARSE_EMPTY_EXP) {
+      bc_parse_push(p, BC_INST_RET0);
+      s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+      if (s) return s;
+    }
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_endBody(BcParse *p, BcVec *code, int brace) {
+    if (!paren || p->l.t.last != BC_LEX_RPAREN) {
+      s = bc_vm_posixError(BC_STATUS_POSIX_RET, p->l.f, p->l.line, NULL);
+      if (s) return s;
+    }
 
-  BcStatus status = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-  uint8_t *flag_ptr;
+    bc_parse_push(p, BC_INST_RET);
+  }
 
-  if (p->flags.len <= 1 || p->num_braces == 0) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
+  return s;
+}
 
-  if (brace) {
+BcStatus bc_parse_endBody(BcParse *p, int brace) {
 
-    if (p->lex.token.type == BC_LEX_RIGHT_BRACE) {
+  BcStatus s = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 
-      if (!p->num_braces) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
+  if (p->flags.len <= 1 || (brace && p->nbraces == 0))
+    return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
 
-      --p->num_braces;
+  if (brace) {
 
-      if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
+    if (p->l.t.t == BC_LEX_RBRACE) {
+      if (!p->nbraces) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
+      --p->nbraces;
+      s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+      if (s) return s;
     }
     else return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
   }
 
   if (BC_PARSE_IF(p)) {
 
-    while (p->lex.token.type == BC_LEX_NEWLINE) {
-      if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
+    uint8_t *flag_ptr;
+
+    while (p->l.t.t == BC_LEX_NLINE) {
+      s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+      if (s) return s;
     }
 
     bc_vec_pop(&p->flags);
@@ -3402,438 +3474,424 @@ BcStatus bc_parse_endBody(BcParse *p, BcVec *code, int brace) {
     flag_ptr = BC_PARSE_TOP_FLAG_PTR(p);
     *flag_ptr = (*flag_ptr | BC_PARSE_FLAG_IF_END);
 
-    if (p->lex.token.type == BC_LEX_KEY_ELSE) status = bc_parse_else(p, code);
+    if (p->l.t.t == BC_LEX_KEY_ELSE) s = bc_parse_else(p);
   }
   else if (BC_PARSE_ELSE(p)) {
 
     BcInstPtr *ip;
-    BcFunc *func;
     size_t *label;
 
     bc_vec_pop(&p->flags);
 
     ip = bc_vec_top(&p->exits);
-    func = bc_vec_item(&p->prog->funcs, p->func);
-    label = bc_vec_item(&func->labels, ip->idx);
-    *label = code->len;
+    label = bc_vec_item(&p->func->labels, ip->idx);
+    *label = p->func->code.len;
 
     bc_vec_pop(&p->exits);
   }
   else if (BC_PARSE_FUNC_INNER(p)) {
-    p->func = 0;
-    if ((status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_RETURN_ZERO))) return status;
+    bc_parse_push(p, BC_INST_RET0);
+    bc_parse_updateFunc(p, BC_PROG_MAIN);
     bc_vec_pop(&p->flags);
   }
   else {
 
-    BcInstPtr *ip;
-    BcFunc *func;
-    size_t *label;
-
-    if ((status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_JUMP))) return status;
-
-    ip = bc_vec_top(&p->exits);
-    label = bc_vec_top(&p->conds);
+    BcInstPtr *ip = bc_vec_top(&p->exits);
+    size_t *label = bc_vec_top(&p->conds);
 
-    if ((status = bc_parse_pushIndex(code, *label))) return status;
+    bc_parse_push(p, BC_INST_JUMP);
+    bc_parse_pushIndex(p, *label);
 
-    func = bc_vec_item(&p->prog->funcs, p->func);
-    label = bc_vec_item(&func->labels, ip->idx);
-    *label = code->len;
+    label = bc_vec_item(&p->func->labels, ip->idx);
+    *label = p->func->code.len;
 
     bc_vec_pop(&p->flags);
     bc_vec_pop(&p->exits);
     bc_vec_pop(&p->conds);
   }
 
-  return status;
+  return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_startBody(BcParse *p, uint8_t flags) {
+void bc_parse_startBody(BcParse *p, uint8_t flags) {
   uint8_t *flag_ptr = BC_PARSE_TOP_FLAG_PTR(p);
   flags |= (*flag_ptr & (BC_PARSE_FLAG_FUNC | BC_PARSE_FLAG_LOOP));
   flags |= BC_PARSE_FLAG_BODY;
-  return bc_vec_push(&p->flags, &flags);
+  bc_vec_push(&p->flags, &flags);
 }
 
-void bc_parse_noElse(BcParse *p, BcVec *code) {
+void bc_parse_noElse(BcParse *p) {
 
-  uint8_t *flag_ptr;
   BcInstPtr *ip;
-  BcFunc *func;
   size_t *label;
+  uint8_t *flag_ptr = BC_PARSE_TOP_FLAG_PTR(p);
 
-  flag_ptr = BC_PARSE_TOP_FLAG_PTR(p);
   *flag_ptr = (*flag_ptr & ~(BC_PARSE_FLAG_IF_END));
 
   ip = bc_vec_top(&p->exits);
-  func = bc_vec_item(&p->prog->funcs, p->func);
-  label = bc_vec_item(&func->labels, ip->idx);
-  *label = code->len;
+  label = bc_vec_item(&p->func->labels, ip->idx);
+  *label = p->func->code.len;
 
   bc_vec_pop(&p->exits);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_if(BcParse *p, BcVec *code) {
+BcStatus bc_parse_if(BcParse *p) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
+  BcStatus s;
   BcInstPtr ip;
-  BcFunc *func;
-
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
-  if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_LEFT_PAREN) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
 
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
-  status = bc_parse_expr(p, code, BC_PARSE_EXPR_POSIX_REL);
-  if (status) return status;
-  if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_RIGHT_PAREN) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
+  if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_LPAREN) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
 
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_JUMP_ZERO))) return status;
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
+  s = bc_parse_expr(p, BC_PARSE_REL, bc_parse_next_rel);
+  if (s) return s;
+  if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_RPAREN) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
 
-  func = bc_vec_item(&p->prog->funcs, p->func);
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
+  bc_parse_push(p, BC_INST_JUMP_ZERO);
 
-  ip.idx = func->labels.len;
-  ip.func = 0;
-  ip.len = 0;
+  ip.idx = p->func->labels.len;
+  ip.func = ip.len = 0;
 
-  if ((status = bc_parse_pushIndex(code, ip.idx))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_vec_push(&p->exits, &ip))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_vec_push(&func->labels, &ip.idx))) return status;
+  bc_parse_pushIndex(p, ip.idx);
+  bc_vec_push(&p->exits, &ip);
+  bc_vec_push(&p->func->labels, &ip.idx);
+  bc_parse_startBody(p, BC_PARSE_FLAG_IF);
 
-  return bc_parse_startBody(p, BC_PARSE_FLAG_IF);
+  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_else(BcParse *p, BcVec *code) {
+BcStatus bc_parse_else(BcParse *p) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
   BcInstPtr ip;
-  BcFunc *func;
 
   if (!BC_PARSE_IF_END(p)) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
 
-  func = bc_vec_item(&p->prog->funcs, p->func);
+  ip.idx = p->func->labels.len;
+  ip.func = ip.len = 0;
 
-  ip.idx = func->labels.len;
-  ip.func = 0;
-  ip.len = 0;
-
-  if ((status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_JUMP))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_parse_pushIndex(code, ip.idx))) return status;
+  bc_parse_push(p, BC_INST_JUMP);
+  bc_parse_pushIndex(p, ip.idx);
 
-  bc_parse_noElse(p, code);
+  bc_parse_noElse(p);
 
-  if ((status = bc_vec_push(&p->exits, &ip))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_vec_push(&func->labels, &ip.idx))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
+  bc_vec_push(&p->exits, &ip);
+  bc_vec_push(&p->func->labels, &ip.idx);
+  bc_parse_startBody(p, BC_PARSE_FLAG_ELSE);
 
-  return bc_parse_startBody(p, BC_PARSE_FLAG_ELSE);
+  return bc_lex_next(&p->l);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_while(BcParse *p, BcVec *code) {
+BcStatus bc_parse_while(BcParse *p) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcFunc *func;
+  BcStatus s;
   BcInstPtr ip;
 
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
-  if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_LEFT_PAREN) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
+  if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_LPAREN) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
 
-  func = bc_vec_item(&p->prog->funcs, p->func);
-  ip.idx = func->labels.len;
+  ip.idx = p->func->labels.len;
 
-  if ((status = bc_vec_push(&func->labels, &code->len))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_vec_push(&p->conds, &ip.idx))) return status;
+  bc_vec_push(&p->func->labels, &p->func->code.len);
+  bc_vec_push(&p->conds, &ip.idx);
 
-  ip.idx = func->labels.len;
+  ip.idx = p->func->labels.len;
   ip.func = 1;
   ip.len = 0;
 
-  if ((status = bc_vec_push(&p->exits, &ip))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_vec_push(&func->labels, &ip.idx))) return status;
+  bc_vec_push(&p->exits, &ip);
+  bc_vec_push(&p->func->labels, &ip.idx);
 
-  if ((status = bc_parse_expr(p, code, BC_PARSE_EXPR_POSIX_REL))) return status;
-  if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_RIGHT_PAREN) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
+  s = bc_parse_expr(p, BC_PARSE_REL, bc_parse_next_rel);
+  if (s) return s;
+  if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_RPAREN) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
 
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_JUMP_ZERO))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_parse_pushIndex(code, ip.idx))) return status;
+  bc_parse_push(p, BC_INST_JUMP_ZERO);
+  bc_parse_pushIndex(p, ip.idx);
+  bc_parse_startBody(p, BC_PARSE_FLAG_LOOP | BC_PARSE_FLAG_LOOP_INNER);
 
-  return bc_parse_startBody(p, BC_PARSE_FLAG_LOOP | BC_PARSE_FLAG_LOOP_INNER);
+  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_for(BcParse *p, BcVec *code) {
+BcStatus bc_parse_for(BcParse *p) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcFunc *func;
+  BcStatus s;
   BcInstPtr ip;
   size_t cond_idx, exit_idx, body_idx, update_idx;
 
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
-  if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_LEFT_PAREN) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
-
-  if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_SEMICOLON)
-    status = bc_parse_expr(p, code, 0);
-  else
-    status = bc_posix_error(BC_STATUS_POSIX_NO_FOR_INIT,
-                            p->lex.file, p->lex.line, NULL);
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
+  if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_LPAREN) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
 
-  if (status) return status;
-  if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_SEMICOLON) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
+  if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_SCOLON) s = bc_parse_expr(p, 0, bc_parse_next_for);
+  else s = bc_vm_posixError(BC_STATUS_POSIX_FOR1, p->l.f, p->l.line, NULL);
 
-  func = bc_vec_item(&p->prog->funcs, p->func);
+  if (s) return s;
+  if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_SCOLON) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
 
-  cond_idx = func->labels.len;
+  cond_idx = p->func->labels.len;
   update_idx = cond_idx + 1;
   body_idx = update_idx + 1;
   exit_idx = body_idx + 1;
 
-  if ((status = bc_vec_push(&func->labels, &code->len))) return status;
+  bc_vec_push(&p->func->labels, &p->func->code.len);
 
-  if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_SEMICOLON)
-    status = bc_parse_expr(p, code, BC_PARSE_EXPR_POSIX_REL);
-  else status = bc_posix_error(BC_STATUS_POSIX_NO_FOR_COND,
-                               p->lex.file, p->lex.line, NULL);
+  if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_SCOLON)
+    s = bc_parse_expr(p, BC_PARSE_REL, bc_parse_next_for);
+  else s = bc_vm_posixError(BC_STATUS_POSIX_FOR2, p->l.f, p->l.line, NULL);
 
-  if (status) return status;
-  if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_SEMICOLON) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
+  if (s) return s;
+  if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_SCOLON) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
 
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_JUMP_ZERO))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_parse_pushIndex(code, exit_idx))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_JUMP))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_parse_pushIndex(code, body_idx))) return status;
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
 
-  ip.idx = func->labels.len;
+  bc_parse_push(p, BC_INST_JUMP_ZERO);
+  bc_parse_pushIndex(p, exit_idx);
+  bc_parse_push(p, BC_INST_JUMP);
+  bc_parse_pushIndex(p, body_idx);
 
-  if ((status = bc_vec_push(&p->conds, &update_idx))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_vec_push(&func->labels, &code->len))) return status;
+  ip.idx = p->func->labels.len;
 
-  if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_RIGHT_PAREN)
-    status = bc_parse_expr(p, code, 0);
-  else
-    status = bc_posix_error(BC_STATUS_POSIX_NO_FOR_UPDATE,
-                            p->lex.file, p->lex.line, NULL);
+  bc_vec_push(&p->conds, &update_idx);
+  bc_vec_push(&p->func->labels, &p->func->code.len);
 
-  if (status) return status;
+  if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_RPAREN) s = bc_parse_expr(p, 0, bc_parse_next_rel);
+  else s = bc_vm_posixError(BC_STATUS_POSIX_FOR3, p->l.f, p->l.line, NULL);
 
-  if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_RIGHT_PAREN) {
-    status = bc_parse_expr(p, code, BC_PARSE_EXPR_POSIX_REL);
-    if (status) return status;
-  }
+  if (s) return s;
 
-  if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_RIGHT_PAREN) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
-  if ((status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_JUMP))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_parse_pushIndex(code, cond_idx))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_vec_push(&func->labels, &code->len))) return status;
+  if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_RPAREN) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
+  bc_parse_push(p, BC_INST_JUMP);
+  bc_parse_pushIndex(p, cond_idx);
+  bc_vec_push(&p->func->labels, &p->func->code.len);
 
   ip.idx = exit_idx;
   ip.func = 1;
   ip.len = 0;
 
-  if ((status = bc_vec_push(&p->exits, &ip))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_vec_push(&func->labels, &ip.idx))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
+  bc_vec_push(&p->exits, &ip);
+  bc_vec_push(&p->func->labels, &ip.idx);
+  bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  bc_parse_startBody(p, BC_PARSE_FLAG_LOOP | BC_PARSE_FLAG_LOOP_INNER);
 
-  return bc_parse_startBody(p, BC_PARSE_FLAG_LOOP | BC_PARSE_FLAG_LOOP_INNER);
+  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_loopExit(BcParse *p, BcVec *code, BcLexToken type) {
+BcStatus bc_parse_loopExit(BcParse *p, BcLexType type) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  size_t idx, top;
+  BcStatus s;
+  size_t i;
   BcInstPtr *ip;
 
   if (!BC_PARSE_LOOP(p)) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
 
   if (type == BC_LEX_KEY_BREAK) {
 
-    if (!p->exits.len) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
-
-    top = p->exits.len - 1;
-    ip = bc_vec_item(&p->exits, top);
+    if (p->exits.len == 0) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
 
-    while (top < p->exits.len && ip && !ip->func)
-      ip = bc_vec_item(&p->exits, top--);
+    i = p->exits.len - 1;
+    ip = bc_vec_item(&p->exits, i);
 
-    if (top >= p->exits.len || !ip) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
+    while (!ip->func && i < p->exits.len) ip = bc_vec_item(&p->exits, i--);
+    if (i >= p->exits.len && !ip->func) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
 
-    idx = ip->idx;
+    i = ip->idx;
   }
-  else idx = *((size_t*) bc_vec_top(&p->conds));
+  else i = *((size_t*) bc_vec_top(&p->conds));
 
-  if ((status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_JUMP))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_parse_pushIndex(code, idx))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
+  bc_parse_push(p, BC_INST_JUMP);
+  bc_parse_pushIndex(p, i);
 
-  if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_SEMICOLON &&
-      p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_NEWLINE)
-  {
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
+
+  if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_SCOLON && p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_NLINE)
     return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
-  }
 
-  return bc_lex_next(&p->lex);
+  return bc_lex_next(&p->l);
 }
 
 BcStatus bc_parse_func(BcParse *p) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcFunc *fptr;
+  BcStatus s;
   int var, comma = 0;
   uint8_t flags;
   char *name;
 
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
+  if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_NAME) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_FUNC;
 
-  name = p->lex.token.string;
+  name = xstrdup(p->l.t.v.v);
+  bc_parse_addFunc(p, name, &p->fidx);
 
-  if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_NAME) {
-    status = BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_FUNC;
-    goto err;
-  }
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
+  if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_LPAREN) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_FUNC;
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
 
-  status = bc_program_addFunc(p->prog, name, &p->func);
-  if (status) goto err;
+  while (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_RPAREN) {
 
-  fptr = bc_vec_item(&p->prog->funcs, p->func);
+    if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_NAME) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_FUNC;
 
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
-  if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_LEFT_PAREN) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_FUNC;
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
+    ++p->func->nparams;
 
-  while (!status && p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_RIGHT_PAREN) {
+    name = xstrdup(p->l.t.v.v);
+    s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+    if (s) goto err;
 
-    if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_NAME) {
-      status = BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_FUNC;
-      goto err;
-    }
+    var = p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_LBRACKET;
 
-    ++fptr->nparams;
-    name = p->lex.token.string;
+    if (!var) {
 
-    if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) goto err;
+      s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+      if (s) goto err;
 
-    var = p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_LEFT_BRACKET;
+      if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_RBRACKET) {
+        s = BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_FUNC;
+        goto err;
+      }
 
-    if (!var) {
-      if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) goto err;
-      if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_RIGHT_BRACKET)
-        return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_FUNC;
-      if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) goto err;
+      s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+      if (s) goto err;
     }
 
-    comma = p->lex.token.type == BC_LEX_COMMA;
-    if (comma && (status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) goto err;
+    comma = p->l.t.t == BC_LEX_COMMA;
+    if (comma) {
+      s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+      if (s) goto err;
+    }
 
-    if ((status = bc_func_insert(fptr, name, var))) goto err;
+    s = bc_func_insert(p->func, name, var);
+    if (s) goto err;
   }
 
   if (comma) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_FUNC;
 
   flags = BC_PARSE_FLAG_FUNC | BC_PARSE_FLAG_FUNC_INNER | BC_PARSE_FLAG_BODY;
+  bc_parse_startBody(p, flags);
 
-  if ((status = bc_parse_startBody(p, flags))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
 
-  if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_LEFT_BRACE)
-    return bc_posix_error(BC_STATUS_POSIX_HEADER_BRACE,
-                          p->lex.file, p->lex.line, NULL);
+  if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_LBRACE)
+    s = bc_vm_posixError(BC_STATUS_POSIX_BRACE, p->l.f, p->l.line, NULL);
 
-  return status;
+  return s;
 
 err:
   free(name);
-  return status;
+  return s;
 }
 
 BcStatus bc_parse_auto(BcParse *p) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
+  BcStatus s;
   int comma, var, one;
   char *name;
-  BcFunc *func;
 
   if (!p->auto_part) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
-  if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
+  s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+  if (s) return s;
 
-  p->auto_part = comma = one = 0;
-  func = bc_vec_item(&p->prog->funcs, p->func);
+  p->auto_part = comma = 0;
+  one = p->l.t.t == BC_LEX_NAME;
 
-  while (!status && p->lex.token.type == BC_LEX_NAME) {
+  while (p->l.t.t == BC_LEX_NAME) {
 
-    name = p->lex.token.string;
-
-    if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
-
-    one = 1;
-
-    var = p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_LEFT_BRACKET;
+    name = xstrdup(p->l.t.v.v);
+    s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+    if (s) goto err;
 
+    var = p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_LBRACKET;
     if (!var) {
 
-      if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) goto err;
-      if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_RIGHT_BRACKET)
-        return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_FUNC;
+      s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+      if (s) goto err;
+
+      if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_RBRACKET) {
+        s = BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_FUNC;
+        goto err;
+      }
 
-      if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) goto err;
+      s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+      if (s) goto err;
     }
 
-    comma = p->lex.token.type == BC_LEX_COMMA;
-    if (comma && (status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) goto err;
+    comma = p->l.t.t == BC_LEX_COMMA;
+    if (comma) {
+      s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+      if (s) goto err;
+    }
 
-    if ((status = bc_func_insert(func, name, var))) goto err;
+    s = bc_func_insert(p->func, name, var);
+    if (s) goto err;
   }
 
-  if (status) return status;
   if (comma) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_FUNC;
   if (!one) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_NO_AUTO;
 
-  if (p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_NEWLINE &&
-      p->lex.token.type != BC_LEX_SEMICOLON)
-  {
+  if (p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_NLINE && p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_SCOLON)
     return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
-  }
 
-  return bc_lex_next(&p->lex);
+  return bc_lex_next(&p->l);
 
 err:
   free(name);
-  return status;
+  return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_body(BcParse *p, BcVec *code, int brace) {
+BcStatus bc_parse_body(BcParse *p, int brace) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  uint8_t *flag_ptr;
+  BcStatus s = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  uint8_t *flag_ptr = bc_vec_top(&p->flags);
 
-  flag_ptr = bc_vec_top(&p->flags);
   *flag_ptr &= ~(BC_PARSE_FLAG_BODY);
 
   if (*flag_ptr & BC_PARSE_FLAG_FUNC_INNER) {
+
     if (!brace) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
-    p->auto_part = 1;
-    status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex);
+    p->auto_part = p->l.t.t != BC_LEX_KEY_AUTO;
+
+    if (!p->auto_part) {
+      s = bc_parse_auto(p);
+      if (s) return s;
+    }
+
+    if (p->l.t.t == BC_LEX_NLINE) s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
   }
   else {
-    if ((status = bc_parse_stmt(p, code))) return status;
-    if (!brace) status = bc_parse_endBody(p, code, 0);
+    s = bc_parse_stmt(p);
+    if (!s && !brace) s = bc_parse_endBody(p, 0);
   }
 
-  return status;
+  return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_parse_stmt(BcParse *p, BcVec *code) {
+BcStatus bc_parse_stmt(BcParse *p) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
+  BcStatus s = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 
-  switch (p->lex.token.type) {
+  switch (p->l.t.t) {
 
-    case BC_LEX_NEWLINE:
+    case BC_LEX_NLINE:
     {
-      return bc_lex_next(&p->lex);
+      return bc_lex_next(&p->l);
     }
 
     case BC_LEX_KEY_ELSE:
@@ -3842,14 +3900,15 @@ BcStatus bc_parse_stmt(BcParse *p, BcVec *code) {
       break;
     }
 
-    case BC_LEX_LEFT_BRACE:
+    case BC_LEX_LBRACE:
     {
       if (!BC_PARSE_BODY(p)) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
 
-      ++p->num_braces;
-      if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
+      ++p->nbraces;
+      s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+      if (s) return s;
 
-      return bc_parse_body(p, code, 1);
+      return bc_parse_body(p, 1);
     }
 
     case BC_LEX_KEY_AUTO:
@@ -3862,22 +3921,22 @@ BcStatus bc_parse_stmt(BcParse *p, BcVec *code) {
       p->auto_part = 0;
 
       if (BC_PARSE_IF_END(p)) {
-        bc_parse_noElse(p, code);
+        bc_parse_noElse(p);
         return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
       }
-      else if (BC_PARSE_BODY(p)) return bc_parse_body(p, code, 0);
+      else if (BC_PARSE_BODY(p)) return bc_parse_body(p, 0);
 
       break;
     }
   }
 
-  switch (p->lex.token.type) {
+  switch (p->l.t.t) {
 
     case BC_LEX_OP_INC:
     case BC_LEX_OP_DEC:
     case BC_LEX_OP_MINUS:
     case BC_LEX_OP_BOOL_NOT:
-    case BC_LEX_LEFT_PAREN:
+    case BC_LEX_LPAREN:
     case BC_LEX_NAME:
     case BC_LEX_NUMBER:
     case BC_LEX_KEY_IBASE:
@@ -3888,234 +3947,153 @@ BcStatus bc_parse_stmt(BcParse *p, BcVec *code) {
     case BC_LEX_KEY_SCALE:
     case BC_LEX_KEY_SQRT:
     {
-      status = bc_parse_expr(p, code, BC_PARSE_EXPR_PRINT);
+      s = bc_parse_expr(p, BC_PARSE_PRINT, bc_parse_next_expr);
       break;
     }
 
     case BC_LEX_KEY_ELSE:
     {
-      status = bc_parse_else(p, code);
+      s = bc_parse_else(p);
       break;
     }
 
-    case BC_LEX_SEMICOLON:
+    case BC_LEX_SCOLON:
     {
-      status = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-
-      while (!status && p->lex.token.type == BC_LEX_SEMICOLON)
-        status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex);
-
+      while (!s && p->l.t.t == BC_LEX_SCOLON) s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
       break;
     }
 
-    case BC_LEX_RIGHT_BRACE:
+    case BC_LEX_RBRACE:
     {
-      status = bc_parse_endBody(p, code, 1);
+      s = bc_parse_endBody(p, 1);
       break;
     }
 
-    case BC_LEX_STRING:
+    case BC_LEX_STR:
     {
-      status = bc_parse_string(p, code);
+      s = bc_parse_string(p, BC_INST_PRINT_STR);
       break;
     }
 
     case BC_LEX_KEY_BREAK:
     case BC_LEX_KEY_CONTINUE:
     {
-      status = bc_parse_loopExit(p, code, p->lex.token.type);
+      s = bc_parse_loopExit(p, p->l.t.t);
       break;
     }
 
     case BC_LEX_KEY_FOR:
     {
-      status = bc_parse_for(p, code);
+      s = bc_parse_for(p);
       break;
     }
 
     case BC_LEX_KEY_HALT:
     {
-      if ((status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_HALT))) return status;
-      status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex);
+      bc_parse_push(p, BC_INST_HALT);
+      s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
       break;
     }
 
     case BC_LEX_KEY_IF:
     {
-      status = bc_parse_if(p, code);
+      s = bc_parse_if(p);
       break;
     }
 
     case BC_LEX_KEY_LIMITS:
     {
-      if ((status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex))) return status;
-      status = BC_STATUS_LIMITS;
+      s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
+      if (s) return s;
+      s = BC_STATUS_LIMITS;
       break;
     }
 
     case BC_LEX_KEY_PRINT:
     {
-      status = bc_parse_print(p, code);
+      s = bc_parse_print(p);
       break;
     }
 
     case BC_LEX_KEY_QUIT:
     {
-      // Quit is a compile-time command, so we send an exit command. We don't
-      // exit directly, so the vm can clean up. Limits do the same thing.
-      status = BC_STATUS_QUIT;
+      // Quit is a compile-time command. We don't exit directly,
+      // so the vm can clean up. Limits do the same thing.
+      s = BC_STATUS_QUIT;
       break;
     }
 
     case BC_LEX_KEY_RETURN:
     {
-      if ((status = bc_parse_return(p, code))) return status;
+      s = bc_parse_return(p);
       break;
     }
 
     case BC_LEX_KEY_WHILE:
     {
-      status = bc_parse_while(p, code);
-      break;
-    }
-
-    case BC_LEX_EOF:
-    {
-      status = (p->flags.len > 0) * BC_STATUS_LEX_BAD_CHARACTER;
+      s = bc_parse_while(p);
       break;
     }
 
     default:
     {
-      status = BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
+      s = BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
       break;
     }
   }
 
-  return status;
-}
-
-BcStatus bc_parse_init(BcParse *p, BcProgram *program) {
-
-  BcStatus status;
-  uint8_t flags = 0;
-
-  if ((status = bc_vec_init(&p->flags, sizeof(uint8_t), NULL))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_vec_init(&p->exits, sizeof(BcInstPtr), NULL))) goto exit_err;
-  if ((status = bc_vec_init(&p->conds, sizeof(size_t), NULL))) goto cond_err;
-  if ((status = bc_vec_push(&p->flags, &flags))) goto push_err;
-  if ((status = bc_vec_init(&p->ops, sizeof(BcLexToken), NULL))) goto push_err;
-
-  p->prog = program;
-  p->func = p->num_braces = 0;
-  p->auto_part = 0;
-
-  return status;
-
-push_err:
-  bc_vec_free(&p->conds);
-cond_err:
-  bc_vec_free(&p->exits);
-exit_err:
-  bc_vec_free(&p->flags);
-  return status;
+  return s;
 }
 
 BcStatus bc_parse_parse(BcParse *p) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
+  BcStatus s;
 
-  if (p->lex.token.type == BC_LEX_EOF) status = BC_STATUS_LEX_EOF;
-  else if (p->lex.token.type == BC_LEX_KEY_DEFINE) {
+  if (p->l.t.t == BC_LEX_EOF)
+    s = p->flags.len > 0 ? BC_STATUS_PARSE_NO_BLOCK_END : BC_STATUS_LEX_EOF;
+  else if (p->l.t.t == BC_LEX_KEY_DEFINE) {
     if (!BC_PARSE_CAN_EXEC(p)) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
-    status = bc_parse_func(p);
-  }
-  else {
-    BcFunc *func = bc_vec_item(&p->prog->funcs, p->func);
-    status = bc_parse_stmt(p, &func->code);
+    s = bc_parse_func(p);
   }
+  else s = bc_parse_stmt(p);
 
-  if (status || TT.signe) {
-
-    if (p->func) {
-
-      BcFunc *func = bc_vec_item(&p->prog->funcs, p->func);
-
-      func->nparams = 0;
-      bc_vec_npop(&func->code, func->code.len);
-      bc_vec_npop(&func->autos, func->autos.len);
-      bc_vec_npop(&func->labels, func->labels.len);
-
-      p->func = 0;
-    }
+  if ((s && s != BC_STATUS_QUIT && s != BC_STATUS_LIMITS) || TT.signe)
+    s = bc_parse_reset(p, s);
 
-    p->lex.idx = p->lex.len;
-    p->lex.token.type = BC_LEX_EOF;
-    p->auto_part = 0;
-    p->num_braces = 0;
-
-    bc_vec_npop(&p->flags, p->flags.len - 1);
-    bc_vec_npop(&p->exits, p->exits.len);
-    bc_vec_npop(&p->conds, p->conds.len);
-    bc_vec_npop(&p->ops, p->ops.len);
-
-    status = bc_program_reset(p->prog, status);
-  }
-
-  return status;
+  return s;
 }
 
-void bc_parse_free(BcParse *p) {
+BcStatus bc_parse_expr(BcParse *p, uint8_t flags, BcParseNext next) {
 
-  if (!p) return;
+  BcStatus s = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  BcInst prev = BC_INST_PRINT;
+  BcLexType top, t = p->l.t.t;
+  size_t nexprs = 0, ops_bgn = p->ops.len;
+  uint32_t i, nparens, nrelops;
+  int paren_first, paren_expr, rprn, done, get_token, assign, bin_last;
 
-  bc_vec_free(&p->flags);
-  bc_vec_free(&p->exits);
-  bc_vec_free(&p->conds);
-  bc_vec_free(&p->ops);
+  paren_first = p->l.t.t == BC_LEX_LPAREN;
+  nparens = nrelops = 0;
+  paren_expr = rprn = done = get_token = assign = 0;
+  bin_last = 1;
 
-  if ((p->lex.token.type == BC_LEX_STRING || p->lex.token.type == BC_LEX_NAME ||
-       p->lex.token.type == BC_LEX_NUMBER) && p->lex.token.string)
+  for (; !TT.signe && !s && !done && bc_parse_exprs[t]; t = p->l.t.t)
   {
-    free(p->lex.token.string);
-  }
-}
-
-BcStatus bc_parse_expr(BcParse *p, BcVec *code, uint8_t flags) {
-
-  BcStatus status;
-  uint32_t nexprs, nparens, ops_start, nrelops;
-  int paren_first, paren_expr, rparen, done, get_token, assign;
-  BcInst prev;
-  BcLexToken type, top;
-
-  status = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-  prev = BC_INST_PRINT;
-
-  ops_start = p->ops.len;
-  paren_first = p->lex.token.type == BC_LEX_LEFT_PAREN;
-  nexprs = nparens = nrelops = 0;
-  paren_expr = rparen = done = get_token = assign = 0;
-
-  type = p->lex.token.type;
-
-  while (!TT.signe && !status && !done && bc_parse_token_exprs[type]) {
-
-    switch (type) {
+    switch (t) {
 
       case BC_LEX_OP_INC:
       case BC_LEX_OP_DEC:
       {
-        status = bc_parse_incdec(p, code, &prev, &nexprs, flags);
-        rparen = get_token = 0;
+        s = bc_parse_incdec(p, &prev, &paren_expr, &nexprs, flags);
+        rprn = get_token = bin_last = 0;
         break;
       }
 
       case BC_LEX_OP_MINUS:
       {
-        status = bc_parse_minus(p, code, &p->ops, &prev,
-                                rparen, &nexprs);
-        rparen = get_token = 0;
+        s = bc_parse_minus(p, &prev, ops_bgn, rprn, &nexprs);
+        rprn = get_token = 0;
+        bin_last = prev == BC_INST_MINUS;
         break;
       }
 
@@ -4126,93 +4104,99 @@ BcStatus bc_parse_expr(BcParse *p, BcVec *code, uint8_t flags) {
       case BC_LEX_OP_ASSIGN_PLUS:
       case BC_LEX_OP_ASSIGN_MINUS:
       case BC_LEX_OP_ASSIGN:
-        if (prev != BC_INST_PUSH_VAR && prev != BC_INST_PUSH_ARRAY_ELEM &&
-            prev != BC_INST_PUSH_SCALE && prev != BC_INST_PUSH_IBASE &&
-            prev != BC_INST_PUSH_OBASE && prev != BC_INST_PUSH_LAST)
+      {
+        if (prev != BC_INST_VAR && prev != BC_INST_ARRAY_ELEM &&
+            prev != BC_INST_SCALE && prev != BC_INST_IBASE &&
+            prev != BC_INST_OBASE && prev != BC_INST_LAST)
         {
-          status = BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_ASSIGN;
+          s = BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_ASSIGN;
           break;
         }
-        // Fallthrough.
+      }
+      // Fallthrough.
       case BC_LEX_OP_POWER:
       case BC_LEX_OP_MULTIPLY:
       case BC_LEX_OP_DIVIDE:
       case BC_LEX_OP_MODULUS:
       case BC_LEX_OP_PLUS:
-      case BC_LEX_OP_REL_EQUAL:
-      case BC_LEX_OP_REL_LESS_EQ:
-      case BC_LEX_OP_REL_GREATER_EQ:
-      case BC_LEX_OP_REL_NOT_EQ:
-      case BC_LEX_OP_REL_LESS:
-      case BC_LEX_OP_REL_GREATER:
+      case BC_LEX_OP_REL_EQ:
+      case BC_LEX_OP_REL_LE:
+      case BC_LEX_OP_REL_GE:
+      case BC_LEX_OP_REL_NE:
+      case BC_LEX_OP_REL_LT:
+      case BC_LEX_OP_REL_GT:
       case BC_LEX_OP_BOOL_NOT:
       case BC_LEX_OP_BOOL_OR:
       case BC_LEX_OP_BOOL_AND:
       {
-        if (type >= BC_LEX_OP_REL_EQUAL && type <= BC_LEX_OP_REL_GREATER)
-          nrelops += 1;
+        if (((t == BC_LEX_OP_BOOL_NOT) != bin_last) ||
+            (t != BC_LEX_OP_BOOL_NOT && prev == BC_INST_BOOL_NOT))
+        {
+          return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_EXP;
+        }
 
-        prev = BC_PARSE_TOKEN_TO_INST(type);
-        status = bc_parse_operator(p, code, &p->ops, type, &nexprs, 1);
-        rparen = get_token = 0;
+        nrelops += t >= BC_LEX_OP_REL_EQ && t <= BC_LEX_OP_REL_GT;
+        prev = BC_PARSE_TOKEN_INST(t);
+        s = bc_parse_operator(p, t, ops_bgn, &nexprs, 1);
+        rprn = get_token = 0;
+        bin_last = t != BC_LEX_OP_BOOL_NOT;
 
         break;
       }
 
-      case BC_LEX_LEFT_PAREN:
+      case BC_LEX_LPAREN:
       {
+        if (BC_PARSE_LEAF(prev, rprn)) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_EXP;
+
         ++nparens;
-        paren_expr = rparen = 0;
+        paren_expr = rprn = bin_last = 0;
         get_token = 1;
-        status = bc_vec_push(&p->ops, &type);
+        bc_vec_push(&p->ops, &t);
+
         break;
       }
 
-      case BC_LEX_RIGHT_PAREN:
+      case BC_LEX_RPAREN:
       {
+        if (bin_last || prev == BC_INST_BOOL_NOT)
+          return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_EXP;
+
         if (nparens == 0) {
-          status = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+          s = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
           done = 1;
           get_token = 0;
           break;
         }
-        else if (!paren_expr) {
-          status = BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_EXPR;
-          goto err;
-        }
+        else if (!paren_expr) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_EMPTY_EXP;
 
         --nparens;
-        paren_expr = rparen = 1;
-        get_token = 0;
+        paren_expr = rprn = 1;
+        get_token = bin_last = 0;
 
-        status = bc_parse_rightParen(p, code, &p->ops, &nexprs);
+        s = bc_parse_rightParen(p, ops_bgn, &nexprs);
 
         break;
       }
 
       case BC_LEX_NAME:
       {
+        if (BC_PARSE_LEAF(prev, rprn)) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_EXP;
+
         paren_expr = 1;
-        rparen = get_token = 0;
-        status = bc_parse_name(p, code, &prev, flags & ~(BC_PARSE_EXPR_NOCALL));
+        rprn = get_token = bin_last = 0;
+        s = bc_parse_name(p, &prev, flags & ~BC_PARSE_NOCALL);
         ++nexprs;
+
         break;
       }
 
       case BC_LEX_NUMBER:
       {
-        size_t idx = p->prog->constants.len;
-
-        status = bc_vec_push(&p->prog->constants, &p->lex.token.string);
-        if (status) goto err;
-
-        if ((status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_PUSH_NUM))) return status;
-        if ((status = bc_parse_pushIndex(code, idx))) return status;
+        if (BC_PARSE_LEAF(prev, rprn)) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_EXP;
 
+        bc_parse_number(p, &prev, &nexprs);
         paren_expr = get_token = 1;
-        rparen = 0;
-        ++nexprs;
-        prev = BC_INST_PUSH_NUM;
+        rprn = bin_last = 0;
 
         break;
       }
@@ -4221,13 +4205,14 @@ BcStatus bc_parse_expr(BcParse *p, BcVec *code, uint8_t flags) {
       case BC_LEX_KEY_LAST:
       case BC_LEX_KEY_OBASE:
       {
-        uint8_t inst = type - BC_LEX_KEY_IBASE + BC_INST_PUSH_IBASE;
-        status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, inst);
+        if (BC_PARSE_LEAF(prev, rprn)) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_EXP;
+
+        prev = (char) (t - BC_LEX_KEY_IBASE + BC_INST_IBASE);
+        bc_parse_push(p, (char) prev);
 
         paren_expr = get_token = 1;
-        rparen = 0;
+        rprn = bin_last = 0;
         ++nexprs;
-        prev = BC_INST_PUSH_OBASE;
 
         break;
       }
@@ -4235,21 +4220,24 @@ BcStatus bc_parse_expr(BcParse *p, BcVec *code, uint8_t flags) {
       case BC_LEX_KEY_LENGTH:
       case BC_LEX_KEY_SQRT:
       {
-        status = bc_parse_builtin(p, code, type, flags);
+        if (BC_PARSE_LEAF(prev, rprn)) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_EXP;
+
+        s = bc_parse_builtin(p, t, flags, &prev);
         paren_expr = 1;
-        rparen = get_token = 0;
+        rprn = get_token = bin_last = 0;
         ++nexprs;
-        prev = type == BC_LEX_KEY_LENGTH ? BC_INST_LENGTH : BC_INST_SQRT;
+
         break;
       }
 
       case BC_LEX_KEY_READ:
       {
-        if (flags & BC_PARSE_EXPR_NOREAD) status = BC_STATUS_EXEC_NESTED_READ;
-        else status = bc_parse_read(p, code);
+        if (BC_PARSE_LEAF(prev, rprn)) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_EXP;
+        else if (flags & BC_PARSE_NOREAD) s = BC_STATUS_EXEC_REC_READ;
+        else s = bc_parse_read(p);
 
         paren_expr = 1;
-        rparen = get_token = 0;
+        rprn = get_token = bin_last = 0;
         ++nexprs;
         prev = BC_INST_READ;
 
@@ -4258,244 +4246,155 @@ BcStatus bc_parse_expr(BcParse *p, BcVec *code, uint8_t flags) {
 
       case BC_LEX_KEY_SCALE:
       {
-        status = bc_parse_scale(p, code, &prev, flags);
+        if (BC_PARSE_LEAF(prev, rprn)) return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_EXP;
+
+        s = bc_parse_scale(p, &prev, flags);
         paren_expr = 1;
-        rparen = get_token = 0;
+        rprn = get_token = bin_last = 0;
         ++nexprs;
-        prev = BC_INST_PUSH_SCALE;
+        prev = BC_INST_SCALE;
+
         break;
       }
 
       default:
       {
-        status = BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
+        s = BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_TOKEN;
         break;
       }
     }
 
-    if (status) goto err;
-    if (get_token) status = bc_lex_next(&p->lex);
-
-    type = p->lex.token.type;
+    if (!s && get_token) s = bc_lex_next(&p->l);
   }
 
-  if (status) goto err;
-  if (TT.signe) {
-    status = BC_STATUS_EXEC_SIGNAL;
-    goto err;
-  }
-
-  status = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  if (s) return s;
+  if (TT.signe) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_SIGNAL;
 
-  while (!status && p->ops.len > ops_start) {
+  while (p->ops.len > ops_bgn) {
 
-    top = *((BcLexToken*) bc_vec_top(&p->ops));
+    top = BC_PARSE_TOP_OP(p);
     assign = top >= BC_LEX_OP_ASSIGN_POWER && top <= BC_LEX_OP_ASSIGN;
 
-    if (top == BC_LEX_LEFT_PAREN || top == BC_LEX_RIGHT_PAREN) {
-      status = BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_EXPR;
-      goto err;
-    }
+    if (top == BC_LEX_LPAREN || top == BC_LEX_RPAREN)
+      return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_EXP;
 
-    if ((status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_PARSE_TOKEN_TO_INST(top)))) goto err;
+    bc_parse_push(p, BC_PARSE_TOKEN_INST(top));
 
-    nexprs -= top != BC_LEX_OP_BOOL_NOT && top != BC_LEX_OP_NEG;
+    nexprs -= top != BC_LEX_OP_BOOL_NOT && top != BC_LEX_NEG;
     bc_vec_pop(&p->ops);
   }
 
-  if (nexprs != 1) {
-    status = BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_EXPR;
-    goto err;
-  }
+  s = BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_EXP;
+  if (prev == BC_INST_BOOL_NOT || nexprs != 1) return s;
 
-  if (!(flags & BC_PARSE_EXPR_POSIX_REL) && nrelops &&
-      (status = bc_posix_error(BC_STATUS_POSIX_REL_OUTSIDE,
-                               p->lex.file, p->lex.line, NULL)))
-  {
-    goto err;
-  }
-  else if ((flags & BC_PARSE_EXPR_POSIX_REL) && nrelops != 1 &&
-           (status = bc_posix_error(BC_STATUS_POSIX_MULTIPLE_REL,
-                                    p->lex.file, p->lex.line, NULL)))
-  {
-    goto err;
-  }
+  for (i = 0; s && i < next.len; ++i) s *= t != next.tokens[i];
+  if (s) return s;
 
-  if (flags & BC_PARSE_EXPR_PRINT) {
-    if (paren_first || !assign) status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_PRINT);
-    else status = bc_vec_pushByte(code, BC_INST_POP);
+  if (!(flags & BC_PARSE_REL) && nrelops) {
+    s = bc_vm_posixError(BC_STATUS_POSIX_REL_POS, p->l.f, p->l.line, NULL);
+    if (s) return s;
   }
-
-  return status;
-
-err:
-
-  if (p->lex.token.string) {
-    free(p->lex.token.string);
-    p->lex.token.string = NULL;
-  }
-
-  return status;
-}
-
-BcStatus bc_program_search(BcProgram *p, BcResult *result,
-                           BcNum **ret, uint8_t flags)
-{
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcEntry entry, *entry_ptr;
-  BcVec *vec;
-  BcVecO *veco;
-  size_t idx, ip_idx;
-  BcAuto *a;
-  int var;
-
-  for (ip_idx = 0; ip_idx < p->stack.len - 1; ++ip_idx) {
-
-    BcFunc *func;
-    BcInstPtr *ip;
-
-    ip = bc_vec_item_rev(&p->stack, ip_idx);
-    if (ip->func == BC_PROGRAM_READ || ip->func == BC_PROGRAM_MAIN) continue;
-
-    func = bc_vec_item(&p->funcs, ip->func);
-
-    for (idx = 0; idx < func->autos.len; ++idx) {
-
-      a = bc_vec_item(&func->autos, idx);
-
-      if (!strcmp(a->name, result->data.id.name)) {
-
-        BcResult *r;
-        uint8_t cond;
-
-        cond = flags & BC_PROGRAM_SEARCH_VAR;
-
-        if (!a->var != !cond) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_BAD_TYPE;
-
-        r = bc_vec_item(&p->results, ip->len + idx);
-
-        if (cond || flags & BC_PROGRAM_SEARCH_ARRAY) *ret = &r->data.num;
-        else {
-          status = bc_array_expand(&r->data.array, result->data.id.idx + 1);
-          if (status) return status;
-          *ret = bc_vec_item(&r->data.array, result->data.id.idx);
-        }
-
-        return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-      }
-    }
+  else if ((flags & BC_PARSE_REL) && nrelops > 1) {
+    s = bc_vm_posixError(BC_STATUS_POSIX_MULTIREL, p->l.f, p->l.line, NULL);
+    if (s) return s;
   }
 
-  var = flags & BC_PROGRAM_SEARCH_VAR;
-  vec = var ? &p->vars : &p->arrays;
-  veco = var ? &p->var_map : &p->array_map;
-
-  entry.name = result->data.id.name;
-  entry.idx = vec->len;
-
-  status = bc_veco_insert(veco, &entry, &idx);
-
-  if (status != BC_STATUS_VEC_ITEM_EXISTS) {
-
-    // We use this because it has a union of BcNum and BcVec.
-    BcResult data;
-    size_t len;
-
-    if (status) return status;
-
-    len = strlen(entry.name) + 1;
-
-    if (!(result->data.id.name = malloc(len))) return BC_STATUS_MALLOC_FAIL;
-
-    strcpy(result->data.id.name, entry.name);
-
-    if (flags & BC_PROGRAM_SEARCH_VAR)
-      status = bc_num_init(&data.data.num, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE);
-    else status = bc_vec_init(&data.data.array, sizeof(BcNum), bc_num_free);
-
-    if (status) return status;
-    if ((status = bc_vec_push(vec, &data.data))) return status;
+  if (flags & BC_PARSE_PRINT) {
+    if (paren_first || !assign) bc_parse_push(p, BC_INST_PRINT);
+    bc_parse_push(p, BC_INST_POP);
   }
 
-  entry_ptr = bc_veco_item(veco, idx);
+  return s;
+}
 
-  if (var) *ret = bc_vec_item(vec, entry_ptr->idx);
-  else {
+void bc_program_search(BcProgram *p, char *id, BcVec **ret, int var) {
 
-    BcVec *ptr = bc_vec_item(vec, entry_ptr->idx);
+  BcStatus s;
+  BcId e, *ptr;
+  BcVec *v, *map;
+  size_t i;
+  BcResultData data;
+  int new;
 
-    if (flags & BC_PROGRAM_SEARCH_ARRAY) {
-      *ret = (BcNum*) ptr;
-      return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-    }
+  v = var ? &p->vars : &p->arrs;
+  map = var ? &p->var_map : &p->arr_map;
 
-    if ((status = bc_array_expand(ptr, result->data.id.idx + 1))) return status;
+  e.name = id;
+  e.idx = v->len;
+  s = bc_map_insert(map, &e, &i);
+  new = s != BC_STATUS_VEC_ITEM_EXISTS;
 
-    *ret = bc_vec_item(ptr, result->data.id.idx);
+  if (new) {
+    bc_array_init(&data.v, var);
+    bc_vec_push(v, &data.v);
   }
 
-  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  ptr = bc_vec_item(map, i);
+  if (new) ptr->name = xstrdup(e.name);
+  *ret = bc_vec_item(v, ptr->idx);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_program_num(BcProgram *p, BcResult *result, BcNum** num, int hex) {
+BcStatus bc_program_num(BcProgram *p, BcResult *r, BcNum **num, int hex) {
 
-  BcStatus status = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  BcStatus s = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 
-  switch (result->type) {
+  switch (r->t) {
 
+    case BC_RESULT_STR:
     case BC_RESULT_TEMP:
+    case BC_RESULT_IBASE:
     case BC_RESULT_SCALE:
+    case BC_RESULT_OBASE:
     {
-      *num = &result->data.num;
+      *num = &r->d.n;
       break;
     }
 
     case BC_RESULT_CONSTANT:
     {
-      char** s;
-      size_t len, base;
+      char **str = bc_vec_item(&p->consts, r->d.id.idx);
+      size_t base_t, len = strlen(*str);
+      BcNum *base;
 
-      s = bc_vec_item(&p->constants, result->data.id.idx);
-      len = strlen(*s);
+      bc_num_init(&r->d.n, len);
 
-      if ((status = bc_num_init(&result->data.num, len))) return status;
+      hex = hex && len == 1;
+      base = hex ? &p->hexb : &p->ib;
+      base_t = hex ? BC_NUM_MAX_IBASE : p->ib_t;
+      s = bc_num_parse(&r->d.n, *str, base, base_t);
 
-      base = hex && len == 1 ? BC_NUM_MAX_INPUT_BASE : p->ibase_t;
-
-      if ((status = bc_num_parse(&result->data.num, *s, &p->ibase, base))) {
-        bc_num_free(&result->data.num);
-        return status;
+      if (s) {
+        bc_num_free(&r->d.n);
+        return s;
       }
 
-      *num = &result->data.num;
-      result->type = BC_RESULT_TEMP;
+      *num = &r->d.n;
+      r->t = BC_RESULT_TEMP;
 
       break;
     }
 
     case BC_RESULT_VAR:
     case BC_RESULT_ARRAY:
+    case BC_RESULT_ARRAY_ELEM:
     {
-      uint8_t flags = result->type == BC_RESULT_VAR ? BC_PROGRAM_SEARCH_VAR : 0;
-      status = bc_program_search(p, result, num, flags);
-      break;
-    }
+      BcVec *v;
 
-    case BC_RESULT_LAST:
-    {
-      *num = &p->last;
-      break;
-    }
+      bc_program_search(p, r->d.id.name, &v, r->t == BC_RESULT_VAR);
+
+      if (r->t == BC_RESULT_ARRAY_ELEM) {
+        v = bc_vec_top(v);
+        if (v->len <= r->d.id.idx) bc_array_expand(v, r->d.id.idx + 1);
+        *num = bc_vec_item(v, r->d.id.idx);
+      }
+      else *num = bc_vec_top(v);
 
-    case BC_RESULT_IBASE:
-    {
-      *num = &p->ibase;
       break;
     }
 
-    case BC_RESULT_OBASE:
+    case BC_RESULT_LAST:
     {
-      *num = &p->obase;
+      *num = &p->last;
       break;
     }
 
@@ -4504,338 +4403,333 @@ BcStatus bc_program_num(BcProgram *p, BcResult *result, BcNum** num, int hex) {
       *num = &p->one;
       break;
     }
-
-    default:
-    {
-      // This is here to prevent compiler warnings in release mode.
-      *num = &result->data.num;
-      break;
-    }
   }
 
-  return status;
+  return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_program_binaryOpPrep(BcProgram *p, BcResult **left, BcNum **lval,
-                                 BcResult **right, BcNum **rval)
+BcStatus bc_program_binOpPrep(BcProgram *p, BcResult **l, BcNum **ln,
+                              BcResult **r, BcNum **rn, int assign)
 {
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcResult *l, *r;
+  BcStatus s;
   int hex;
+  BcResultType lt, rt;
 
-  r = bc_vec_item_rev(&p->results, 0);
-  l = bc_vec_item_rev(&p->results, 1);
+  if (!BC_PROG_STACK(&p->results, 2)) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_STACK;
 
-  *left = l;
-  *right = r;
+  *r = bc_vec_item_rev(&p->results, 0);
+  *l = bc_vec_item_rev(&p->results, 1);
 
-  hex = l->type == BC_RESULT_IBASE || l->type == BC_RESULT_OBASE;
+  lt = (*l)->t;
+  rt = (*r)->t;
+  hex = assign && (lt == BC_RESULT_IBASE || lt == BC_RESULT_OBASE);
 
-  if ((status = bc_program_num(p, l, lval, 0))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_program_num(p, r, rval, hex))) return status;
+  s = bc_program_num(p, *l, ln, 0);
+  if (s) return s;
+  s = bc_program_num(p, *r, rn, hex);
+  if (s) return s;
 
-  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  // We run this again under these conditions in case any vector has been
+  // reallocated out from under the BcNums or arrays we had.
+  if (lt == rt && (lt == BC_RESULT_VAR || lt == BC_RESULT_ARRAY_ELEM)) {
+    s = bc_program_num(p, *l, ln, 0);
+    if (s) return s;
+  }
+
+  if (!BC_PROG_NUM((*l), (*ln)) && (!assign || (*l)->t != BC_RESULT_VAR))
+    return BC_STATUS_EXEC_BAD_TYPE;
+  if (!assign && !BC_PROG_NUM((*r), (*ln))) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_BAD_TYPE;
+
+  return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_program_binaryOpRetire(BcProgram *p, BcResult *result,
-                                   BcResultType type)
-{
-  result->type = type;
+void bc_program_binOpRetire(BcProgram *p, BcResult *r) {
+  r->t = BC_RESULT_TEMP;
   bc_vec_pop(&p->results);
   bc_vec_pop(&p->results);
-  return bc_vec_push(&p->results, result);
+  bc_vec_push(&p->results, r);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_program_unaryOpPrep(BcProgram *p, BcResult **result, BcNum **val) {
+BcStatus bc_program_prep(BcProgram *p, BcResult **r, BcNum **n) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcResult *r;
+  BcStatus s;
 
-  r = bc_vec_item_rev(&p->results, 0);
+  if (!BC_PROG_STACK(&p->results, 1)) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_STACK;
+  *r = bc_vec_top(&p->results);
 
-  if ((status = bc_program_num(p, r, val, 0))) return status;
+  s = bc_program_num(p, *r, n, 0);
+  if (s) return s;
 
-  *result = r;
+  if (!BC_PROG_NUM((*r), (*n))) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_BAD_TYPE;
 
-  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_program_unaryOpRetire(BcProgram *p, BcResult *result,
-                                  BcResultType type)
-{
-  result->type = type;
+void bc_program_retire(BcProgram *p, BcResult *r, BcResultType t) {
+  r->t = t;
   bc_vec_pop(&p->results);
-  return bc_vec_push(&p->results, result);
+  bc_vec_push(&p->results, r);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_program_op(BcProgram *p, uint8_t inst) {
-
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcResult *operand1, *operand2, res;
-  BcNum *num1, *num2;
-  BcNumBinaryFunc op;
+BcStatus bc_program_op(BcProgram *p, char inst) {
 
-  status = bc_program_binaryOpPrep(p, &operand1, &num1, &operand2, &num2);
-  if (status) return status;
+  BcStatus s;
+  BcResult *opd1, *opd2, res;
+  BcNum *n1, *n2 = NULL;
 
-  if ((status = bc_num_init(&res.data.num, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE))) return status;
+  s = bc_program_binOpPrep(p, &opd1, &n1, &opd2, &n2, 0);
+  if (s) return s;
+  bc_num_init(&res.d.n, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE);
 
-  op = bc_program_math_ops[inst - BC_INST_POWER];
-  if ((status = op(num1, num2, &res.data.num, p->scale))) goto err;
-  if ((status = bc_program_binaryOpRetire(p, &res, BC_RESULT_TEMP))) goto err;
+  s = bc_program_ops[inst - BC_INST_POWER](n1, n2, &res.d.n, p->scale);
+  if (s) goto err;
+  bc_program_binOpRetire(p, &res);
 
-  return status;
+  return s;
 
 err:
-  bc_num_free(&res.data.num);
-  return status;
+  bc_num_free(&res.d.n);
+  return s;
 }
 
 BcStatus bc_program_read(BcProgram *p) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
+  BcStatus s;
   BcParse parse;
-  char *buffer;
-  size_t size;
-  BcFunc *func;
+  BcVec buf;
   BcInstPtr ip;
+  size_t i;
+  BcFunc *f = bc_vec_item(&p->fns, BC_PROG_READ);
 
-  func = bc_vec_item(&p->funcs, BC_PROGRAM_READ);
-  func->code.len = 0;
-
-  if (!(buffer = malloc(BC_PROGRAM_BUF_SIZE + 1))) return BC_STATUS_MALLOC_FAIL;
+  for (i = 0; i < p->stack.len; ++i) {
+    BcInstPtr *ip_ptr = bc_vec_item(&p->stack, i);
+    if (ip_ptr->func == BC_PROG_READ) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_REC_READ;
+  }
 
-  size = BC_PROGRAM_BUF_SIZE;
+  bc_vec_npop(&f->code, f->code.len);
+  bc_vec_init(&buf, sizeof(char), NULL);
 
-  if ((status = bc_io_getline(&buffer, &size)))goto io_err;
+  s = bc_read_line(&buf, "read> ");
+  if (s) goto io_err;
 
-  if ((status = bc_parse_init(&parse, p))) goto io_err;
-  bc_lex_init(&parse.lex, "<stdin>");
-  if ((status = bc_lex_text(&parse.lex, buffer))) goto exec_err;
+  bc_parse_init(&parse, p, BC_PROG_READ);
+  bc_lex_file(&parse.l, bc_program_stdin_name);
 
-  if ((status = bc_parse_expr(&parse, &func->code, BC_PARSE_EXPR_NOREAD))) return status;
+  s = bc_parse_text(&parse, buf.v);
+  if (s) goto exec_err;
+  s = bc_parse_expr(&parse, BC_PARSE_NOREAD, bc_parse_next_read);
+  if (s) goto exec_err;
 
-  if (parse.lex.token.type != BC_LEX_NEWLINE &&
-      parse.lex.token.type != BC_LEX_EOF)
-  {
-    status = BC_STATUS_EXEC_BAD_READ_EXPR;
+  if (parse.l.t.t != BC_LEX_NLINE && parse.l.t.t != BC_LEX_EOF) {
+    s = BC_STATUS_EXEC_BAD_READ_EXPR;
     goto exec_err;
   }
 
-  ip.func = BC_PROGRAM_READ;
+  ip.func = BC_PROG_READ;
   ip.idx = 0;
   ip.len = p->results.len;
 
-  if ((status = bc_vec_push(&p->stack, &ip))) goto exec_err;
-  if ((status = bc_program_exec(p))) goto exec_err;
+  // Update this pointer, just in case.
+  f = bc_vec_item(&p->fns, BC_PROG_READ);
 
-  bc_vec_pop(&p->stack);
+  bc_vec_pushByte(&f->code, BC_INST_POP_EXEC);
+  bc_vec_push(&p->stack, &ip);
 
 exec_err:
   bc_parse_free(&parse);
 io_err:
-  free(buffer);
-  return status;
+  bc_vec_free(&buf);
+  return s;
 }
 
-size_t bc_program_index(uint8_t *code, size_t *start) {
+size_t bc_program_index(char *code, size_t *bgn) {
 
-  uint8_t bytes, i;
-  size_t result;
+  char amt = code[(*bgn)++], i = 0;
+  size_t res = 0;
 
-  for (bytes = code[(*start)++], result = 0, i = 0; i < bytes; ++i)
-    result |= (((size_t) code[(*start)++]) << (i * CHAR_BIT));
+  for (; i < amt; ++i, ++(*bgn))
+    res |= (((size_t) ((int) code[*bgn]) & UCHAR_MAX) << (i * CHAR_BIT));
 
-  return result;
+  return res;
 }
 
-char* bc_program_name(uint8_t *code, size_t *start) {
-
-  char byte, *s, *string, *ptr;
-  size_t len, i;
-
-  string = (char*) (code + *start);
-  ptr = strchr((char*) string, ':');
+char* bc_program_name(char *code, size_t *bgn) {
 
-  if (ptr) len = ((unsigned long) ptr) - ((unsigned long) string);
-  else len = strlen(string);
+  size_t i;
+  char c, *s, *str = code + *bgn, *ptr = strchr(str, BC_PARSE_STREND);
 
-  if (!(s = malloc(len + 1))) return NULL;
+  s = xmalloc(ptr - str + 1);
+  c = code[(*bgn)++];
 
-  for (byte = code[(*start)++], i = 0; byte && byte != ':'; ++i) {
-    s[i] = byte;
-    byte = code[(*start)++];
-  }
+  for (i = 0; c && c != BC_PARSE_STREND; c = code[(*bgn)++], ++i)
+    s[i] = c;
 
   s[i] = '\0';
 
   return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_program_printString(const char *str, size_t *nchars) {
+void bc_program_printString(const char *str, size_t *nchars) {
 
-  char c, c2;
-  size_t len, i;
-  int err;
+  size_t i, len = strlen(str);
 
-  len = strlen(str);
+  for (i = 0; i < len; ++i, ++(*nchars)) {
 
-  for (i = 0; i < len; ++i,  ++(*nchars)) {
+    int c = str[i];
 
-    if ((c = str[i]) != '\\') err = putchar(c);
+    if (c != '\\' || i == len - 1) bc_vm_putchar(c);
     else {
 
-      ++i;
-      c2 = str[i];
+      c = str[++i];
 
-      switch (c2) {
+      switch (c) {
 
         case 'a':
         {
-          err = putchar('\a');
+          bc_vm_putchar('\a');
           break;
         }
 
         case 'b':
         {
-          err = putchar('\b');
+          bc_vm_putchar('\b');
           break;
         }
 
+        case '\\':
         case 'e':
         {
-          err = putchar('\\');
+          bc_vm_putchar('\\');
           break;
         }
 
         case 'f':
         {
-          err = putchar('\f');
+          bc_vm_putchar('\f');
           break;
         }
 
         case 'n':
         {
-          err = putchar('\n');
+          bc_vm_putchar('\n');
           *nchars = SIZE_MAX;
           break;
         }
 
         case 'r':
         {
-          err = putchar('\r');
+          bc_vm_putchar('\r');
           break;
         }
 
         case 'q':
         {
-          err = putchar('"');
+          bc_vm_putchar('"');
           break;
         }
 
         case 't':
         {
-          err = putchar('\t');
+          bc_vm_putchar('\t');
           break;
         }
 
         default:
         {
-          // Do nothing.
-          err = 0;
+          // Just print the backslash and following character.
+          bc_vm_putchar('\\');
+          ++(*nchars);
+          bc_vm_putchar(c);
           break;
         }
       }
     }
-
-    if (err == EOF) return BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
   }
-
-  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_program_push(BcProgram *p, uint8_t *code, size_t *start, int var) {
+BcStatus bc_program_print(BcProgram *p, char inst, size_t idx) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcResult result;
+  BcStatus s = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  BcResult *r;
+  size_t len, i;
+  char *str;
+  BcNum *num = NULL;
+  int pop = inst != BC_INST_PRINT;
 
-  result.data.id.name = bc_program_name(code, start);
+  if (!BC_PROG_STACK(&p->results, idx + 1)) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_STACK;
 
-  if (var) {
-    result.type = BC_RESULT_VAR;
-    status = bc_vec_push(&p->results, &result);
+  r = bc_vec_item_rev(&p->results, idx);
+  s = bc_program_num(p, r, &num, 0);
+  if (s) return s;
+
+  if (BC_PROG_NUM(r, num)) {
+    s = bc_num_print(num, &p->ob, p->ob_t, !pop, &p->nchars, p->len);
+    if (!s) bc_num_copy(&p->last, num);
   }
   else {
 
-    BcResult *operand;
-    BcNum *num;
-    unsigned long temp;
-
-    if ((status = bc_program_unaryOpPrep(p, &operand, &num))) goto err;
-    if ((status = bc_num_ulong(num, &temp))) goto err;
+    idx = (r->t == BC_RESULT_STR) ? r->d.id.idx : num->rdx;
+    str = *((char**) bc_vec_item(&p->strs, idx));
 
-    if (temp > (unsigned long) maxof_DIM) {
-      status = BC_STATUS_EXEC_ARRAY_LEN;
-      goto err;
+    if (inst == BC_INST_PRINT_STR) {
+      for (i = 0, len = strlen(str); i < len; ++i) {
+        char c = str[i];
+        bc_vm_putchar(c);
+        if (c == '\n') p->nchars = SIZE_MAX;
+        ++p->nchars;
+      }
+    }
+    else {
+      bc_program_printString(str, &p->nchars);
+      if (inst == BC_INST_PRINT) bc_vm_putchar('\n');
     }
-
-    result.data.id.idx = (size_t) temp;
-
-    status = bc_program_unaryOpRetire(p, &result, BC_RESULT_ARRAY);
   }
 
-  if (status) goto err;
+  if (!s && pop) bc_vec_pop(&p->results);
 
-  return status;
-
-err:
-  free(result.data.id.name);
-  return status;
+  return s;
 }
 
 BcStatus bc_program_negate(BcProgram *p) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcResult result, *ptr;
-  BcNum *num;
-
-  if ((status = bc_program_unaryOpPrep(p, &ptr, &num))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_num_init(&result.data.num, num->len))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_num_copy(&result.data.num, num))) goto err;
+  BcStatus s;
+  BcResult res, *ptr;
+  BcNum *num = NULL;
 
-  result.data.num.neg = !result.data.num.neg;
+  s = bc_program_prep(p, &ptr, &num);
+  if (s) return s;
 
-  if ((status = bc_program_unaryOpRetire(p, &result, BC_RESULT_TEMP))) goto err;
+  bc_num_init(&res.d.n, num->len);
+  bc_num_copy(&res.d.n, num);
+  if (res.d.n.len) res.d.n.neg = !res.d.n.neg;
 
-  return status;
+  bc_program_retire(p, &res, BC_RESULT_TEMP);
 
-err:
-  bc_num_free(&result.data.num);
-  return status;
+  return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_program_logical(BcProgram *p, uint8_t inst) {
-
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcResult *operand1, *operand2, res;
-  BcNum *num1, *num2;
-  int cond;
-  int cmp;
+BcStatus bc_program_logical(BcProgram *p, char inst) {
 
-  status = bc_program_binaryOpPrep(p, &operand1, &num1, &operand2, &num2);
-  if (status) return status;
+  BcStatus s;
+  BcResult *opd1, *opd2, res;
+  BcNum *n1, *n2;
+  int cond = 0;
+  ssize_t cmp;
 
-  if ((status = bc_num_init(&res.data.num, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE))) return status;
+  s = bc_program_binOpPrep(p, &opd1, &n1, &opd2, &n2, 0);
+  if (s) return s;
+  bc_num_init(&res.d.n, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE);
 
   if (inst == BC_INST_BOOL_AND)
-    cond = bc_num_cmp(num1, &p->zero) && bc_num_cmp(num2, &p->zero);
+    cond = bc_num_cmp(n1, &p->zero) && bc_num_cmp(n2, &p->zero);
   else if (inst == BC_INST_BOOL_OR)
-    cond = bc_num_cmp(num1, &p->zero) || bc_num_cmp(num2, &p->zero);
+    cond = bc_num_cmp(n1, &p->zero) || bc_num_cmp(n2, &p->zero);
   else {
 
-    cmp = bc_num_cmp(num1, num2);
+    cmp = bc_num_cmp(n1, n2);
 
     switch (inst) {
+
       case BC_INST_REL_EQ:
       {
         cond = cmp == 0;
@@ -4856,7 +4750,7 @@ BcStatus bc_program_logical(BcProgram *p, uint8_t inst) {
 
       case BC_INST_REL_NE:
       {
-        cond = cmp != 0;
+        cond = cmp;
         break;
       }
 
@@ -4871,442 +4765,447 @@ BcStatus bc_program_logical(BcProgram *p, uint8_t inst) {
         cond = cmp > 0;
         break;
       }
-
-      default:
-      {
-        // This is here to silence a compiler warning in release mode.
-        cond = 0;
-        break;
-      }
     }
   }
 
-  (cond ? bc_num_one : bc_num_zero)(&res.data.num);
+  (cond ? bc_num_one : bc_num_zero)(&res.d.n);
 
-  if ((status = bc_program_binaryOpRetire(p, &res, BC_RESULT_TEMP))) goto err;
+  bc_program_binOpRetire(p, &res);
 
-  return status;
+  return s;
+}
 
-err:
-  bc_num_free(&res.data.num);
-  return status;
+BcStatus bc_program_copyToVar(BcProgram *p, char *name, int var) {
+
+  BcStatus s;
+  BcResult *ptr, r;
+  BcVec *v;
+  BcNum *n;
+
+  if (!BC_PROG_STACK(&p->results, 1)) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_STACK;
+
+  ptr = bc_vec_top(&p->results);
+  if ((ptr->t == BC_RESULT_ARRAY) != !var) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_BAD_TYPE;
+  bc_program_search(p, name, &v, var);
+
+  s = bc_program_num(p, ptr, &n, 0);
+  if (s) return s;
+
+  // Do this once more to make sure that pointers were not invalidated.
+  bc_program_search(p, name, &v, var);
+
+  if (var) {
+    bc_num_init(&r.d.n, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE);
+    bc_num_copy(&r.d.n, n);
+  }
+  else {
+    bc_array_init(&r.d.v, 1);
+    bc_array_copy(&r.d.v, (BcVec*) n);
+  }
+
+  bc_vec_push(v, &r.d);
+  bc_vec_pop(&p->results);
+
+  return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_program_assign(BcProgram *p, uint8_t inst) {
+BcStatus bc_program_assign(BcProgram *p, char inst) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
+  BcStatus s;
   BcResult *left, *right, res;
-  BcNum *l, *r;
-  BcNumBinaryFunc op;
+  BcNum *l = NULL, *r = NULL;
   unsigned long val, max;
-  size_t *ptr;
+  int assign = inst == BC_INST_ASSIGN, ib, sc;
 
-  status = bc_program_binaryOpPrep(p, &left, &l, &right, &r);
-  if (status) return status;
+  s = bc_program_binOpPrep(p, &left, &l, &right, &r, assign);
+  if (s) return s;
 
-  if (left->type == BC_RESULT_CONSTANT || left->type == BC_RESULT_TEMP)
+  ib = left->t == BC_RESULT_IBASE;
+  sc = left->t == BC_RESULT_SCALE;
+
+  if (left->t == BC_RESULT_CONSTANT || left->t == BC_RESULT_TEMP)
     return BC_STATUS_PARSE_BAD_ASSIGN;
 
   if (inst == BC_INST_ASSIGN_DIVIDE && !bc_num_cmp(r, &p->zero))
     return BC_STATUS_MATH_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO;
 
-  if (inst == BC_INST_ASSIGN)  status = bc_num_copy(l, r);
-  else {
-    op = bc_program_math_ops[inst - BC_INST_ASSIGN_POWER];
-    status = op(l, r, l, p->scale);
-  }
+  if (assign) bc_num_copy(l, r);
+  else s = bc_program_ops[inst - BC_INST_ASSIGN_POWER](l, r, l, p->scale);
 
-  if (status) return status;
+  if (s) return s;
 
-  if (left->type == BC_RESULT_IBASE || left->type == BC_RESULT_OBASE) {
+  if (ib || sc || left->t == BC_RESULT_OBASE) {
 
-    ptr = left->type == BC_RESULT_IBASE ? &p->ibase_t : &p->obase_t;
-    max = left->type == BC_RESULT_IBASE ? BC_NUM_MAX_INPUT_BASE : maxof_BASE;
+    size_t *ptr;
 
-    if ((status = bc_num_ulong(l, &val))) return status;
+    s = bc_num_ulong(l, &val);
+    if (s) return s;
+    s = left->t - BC_RESULT_IBASE + BC_STATUS_EXEC_BAD_IBASE;
 
-    if (val < BC_NUM_MIN_BASE || val > max)
-      return left->type - BC_RESULT_IBASE + BC_STATUS_EXEC_BAD_IBASE;
+    if (sc) {
+      max = BC_MAX_SCALE;
+      ptr = &p->scale;
+    }
+    else {
+      if (val < BC_NUM_MIN_BASE) return s;
+      max = ib ? BC_NUM_MAX_IBASE : BC_MAX_OBASE;
+      ptr = ib ? &p->ib_t : &p->ob_t;
+    }
+
+    if (val > max) return s;
+    if (!sc) bc_num_copy(ib ? &p->ib : &p->ob, l);
 
     *ptr = (size_t) val;
+    s = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
   }
-  else if (left->type == BC_RESULT_SCALE) {
 
-    if ((status = bc_num_ulong(l, &val))) return status;
-    if (val > (unsigned long) maxof_SCALE) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_BAD_SCALE;
+  bc_num_init(&res.d.n, l->len);
+  bc_num_copy(&res.d.n, l);
+  bc_program_binOpRetire(p, &res);
 
-    p->scale = (size_t) val;
-  }
+  return s;
+}
 
-  if ((status = bc_num_init(&res.data.num, l->len))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_num_copy(&res.data.num, l))) goto err;
+BcStatus bc_program_pushVar(BcProgram *p, char *code, size_t *bgn,
+                            int pop, int copy)
+{
+  BcStatus s = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  BcResult r;
+  char *name = bc_program_name(code, bgn);
 
-  if ((status = bc_program_binaryOpRetire(p, &res, BC_RESULT_TEMP))) goto err;
+  r.t = BC_RESULT_VAR;
+  r.d.id.name = name;
 
-  return status;
+  bc_vec_push(&p->results, &r);
 
-err:
-  bc_num_free(&res.data.num);
-  return status;
+  return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_program_call(BcProgram *p, uint8_t *code, size_t *idx) {
+BcStatus bc_program_pushArray(BcProgram *p, char *code, size_t *bgn, char inst)
+{
+  BcStatus s = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  BcResult r;
+  BcNum *num;
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcInstPtr ip;
-  size_t nparams, i;
-  BcFunc *func;
-  BcAuto *auto_ptr;
-  BcResult param, *arg;
+  r.d.id.name = bc_program_name(code, bgn);
 
-  status = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-  nparams = bc_program_index(code, idx);
+  if (inst == BC_INST_ARRAY) {
+    r.t = BC_RESULT_ARRAY;
+    bc_vec_push(&p->results, &r);
+  }
+  else {
 
-  ip.idx = 0;
-  ip.len = p->results.len;
-  ip.func = bc_program_index(code, idx);
+    BcResult *operand;
+    unsigned long temp;
 
-  func = bc_vec_item(&p->funcs, ip.func);
+    s = bc_program_prep(p, &operand, &num);
+    if (s) goto err;
+    s = bc_num_ulong(num, &temp);
+    if (s) goto err;
 
-  if (!func->code.len) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_UNDEFINED_FUNC;
-  if (nparams != func->nparams) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_MISMATCHED_PARAMS;
+    if (temp > BC_MAX_DIM) {
+      s = BC_STATUS_EXEC_ARRAY_LEN;
+      goto err;
+    }
 
-  for (i = 0; i < nparams; ++i) {
+    r.d.id.idx = (size_t) temp;
+    bc_program_retire(p, &r, BC_RESULT_ARRAY_ELEM);
+  }
+
+err:
+  if (s) free(r.d.id.name);
+  return s;
+}
 
-    auto_ptr = bc_vec_item(&func->autos, i);
-    arg = bc_vec_item_rev(&p->results, nparams - 1);
-    param.type = auto_ptr->var + BC_RESULT_ARRAY_AUTO;
+BcStatus bc_program_incdec(BcProgram *p, char inst) {
 
-    if (auto_ptr->var) {
+  BcStatus s;
+  BcResult *ptr, res, copy;
+  BcNum *num = NULL;
+  char inst2 = inst;
 
-      BcNum *n;
+  s = bc_program_prep(p, &ptr, &num);
+  if (s) return s;
 
-      if ((status = bc_program_num(p, arg, &n, 0))) return status;
-      if ((status = bc_num_init(&param.data.num, n->len))) return status;
+  if (inst == BC_INST_INC_POST || inst == BC_INST_DEC_POST) {
+    copy.t = BC_RESULT_TEMP;
+    bc_num_init(&copy.d.n, num->len);
+    bc_num_copy(&copy.d.n, num);
+  }
 
-      status = bc_num_copy(&param.data.num, n);
-    }
-    else {
+  res.t = BC_RESULT_ONE;
+  inst = inst == BC_INST_INC_PRE || inst == BC_INST_INC_POST ?
+             BC_INST_ASSIGN_PLUS : BC_INST_ASSIGN_MINUS;
 
-      BcVec *a;
+  bc_vec_push(&p->results, &res);
+  bc_program_assign(p, inst);
 
-      if (arg->type != BC_RESULT_VAR || arg->type != BC_RESULT_ARRAY)
-        return BC_STATUS_EXEC_BAD_TYPE;
+  if (inst2 == BC_INST_INC_POST || inst2 == BC_INST_DEC_POST) {
+    bc_vec_pop(&p->results);
+    bc_vec_push(&p->results, &copy);
+  }
 
-      status = bc_program_search(p, arg, (BcNum**) &a, BC_PROGRAM_SEARCH_ARRAY);
-      if (status) return status;
+  return s;
+}
 
-      status = bc_vec_init(&param.data.array, sizeof(BcNum), bc_num_free);
-      if (status) return status;
+BcStatus bc_program_call(BcProgram *p, char *code, size_t *idx) {
 
-      status = bc_array_copy(&param.data.array, a);
-    }
+  BcStatus s = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  BcInstPtr ip;
+  size_t i, nparams = bc_program_index(code, idx);
+  BcFunc *func;
+  BcVec *v;
+  BcId *a;
+  BcResultData param;
+  BcResult *arg;
 
-    if (status || (status = bc_vec_push(&p->results, &param))) goto err;
-  }
+  ip.idx = 0;
+  ip.func = bc_program_index(code, idx);
+  func = bc_vec_item(&p->fns, ip.func);
 
-  for (; !status && i < func->autos.len; ++i) {
+  if (func->code.len == 0) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_UNDEFINED_FUNC;
+  if (nparams != func->nparams) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_MISMATCHED_PARAMS;
+  ip.len = p->results.len - nparams;
 
-    auto_ptr = bc_vec_item_rev(&func->autos, i);
-    param.type = auto_ptr->var + BC_RESULT_ARRAY_AUTO;
+  for (i = 0; i < nparams; ++i) {
 
-    if (auto_ptr->var) status = bc_num_init(&param.data.num, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE);
-    else status = bc_vec_init(&param.data.array, sizeof(BcNum), bc_num_free);
+    a = bc_vec_item(&func->autos, nparams - 1 - i);
+    arg = bc_vec_top(&p->results);
 
-    if (status) return status;
+    if ((!a->idx) != (arg->t == BC_RESULT_ARRAY) || arg->t == BC_RESULT_STR)
+      return BC_STATUS_EXEC_BAD_TYPE;
 
-    status = bc_vec_push(&p->results, &param);
+    s = bc_program_copyToVar(p, a->name, a->idx);
+    if (s) return s;
   }
 
-  if (status) goto err;
+  for (; i < func->autos.len; ++i) {
 
-  return bc_vec_push(&p->stack, &ip);
+    a = bc_vec_item(&func->autos, i);
+    bc_program_search(p, a->name, &v, a->idx);
 
-err:
-  bc_result_free(&param);
-  return status;
+    if (a->idx) {
+      bc_num_init(&param.n, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE);
+      bc_vec_push(v, &param.n);
+    }
+    else {
+      bc_array_init(&param.v, 1);
+      bc_vec_push(v, &param.v);
+    }
+  }
+
+  bc_vec_push(&p->stack, &ip);
+
+  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_program_return(BcProgram *p, uint8_t inst) {
+BcStatus bc_program_return(BcProgram *p, char inst) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcResult result, *operand;
-  BcInstPtr *ip;
-  BcFunc *func;
+  BcStatus s;
+  BcResult res;
+  BcFunc *f;
+  size_t i;
+  BcInstPtr *ip = bc_vec_top(&p->stack);
 
-  ip = bc_vec_top(&p->stack);
-  func = bc_vec_item(&p->funcs, ip->func);
+  if (!BC_PROG_STACK(&p->results, ip->len + inst == BC_INST_RET))
+    return BC_STATUS_EXEC_STACK;
 
-  result.type = BC_RESULT_TEMP;
+  f = bc_vec_item(&p->fns, ip->func);
+  res.t = BC_RESULT_TEMP;
 
-  if (inst == BC_INST_RETURN) {
+  if (inst == BC_INST_RET) {
 
     BcNum *num;
+    BcResult *operand = bc_vec_top(&p->results);
 
-    operand = bc_vec_top(&p->results);
-
-    if ((status = bc_program_num(p, operand, &num, 0))) return status;
-    if ((status = bc_num_init(&result.data.num, num->len))) return status;
-    if ((status = bc_num_copy(&result.data.num, num))) goto err;
+    s = bc_program_num(p, operand, &num, 0);
+    if (s) return s;
+    bc_num_init(&res.d.n, num->len);
+    bc_num_copy(&res.d.n, num);
   }
   else {
-    status = bc_num_init(&result.data.num, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE);
-    if (status) return status;
-    bc_num_zero(&result.data.num);
+    bc_num_init(&res.d.n, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE);
+    bc_num_zero(&res.d.n);
   }
 
   // We need to pop arguments as well, so this takes that into account.
-  bc_vec_npop(&p->results, p->results.len - (ip->len - func->nparams));
+  for (i = 0; i < f->autos.len; ++i) {
 
-  if ((status = bc_vec_push(&p->results, &result))) goto err;
-  bc_vec_pop(&p->stack);
+    BcVec *v;
+    BcId *a = bc_vec_item(&f->autos, i);
 
-  return status;
+    bc_program_search(p, a->name, &v, a->idx);
+    bc_vec_pop(v);
+  }
 
-err:
-  bc_num_free(&result.data.num);
-  return status;
+  bc_vec_npop(&p->results, p->results.len - ip->len);
+  bc_vec_push(&p->results, &res);
+  bc_vec_pop(&p->stack);
+
+  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 unsigned long bc_program_scale(BcNum *n) {
   return (unsigned long) n->rdx;
 }
 
-unsigned long bc_program_length(BcNum *n) {
+unsigned long bc_program_len(BcNum *n) {
 
-  size_t i;
   unsigned long len = n->len;
+  size_t i;
 
-  if (n->rdx == n->len) {
-    for (i = n->len - 1; i < n->len && !n->num[i]; --len, --i);
-  }
+  if (n->rdx != n->len) return len;
+  for (i = n->len - 1; i < n->len && n->num[i] == 0; --len, --i);
 
   return len;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_program_builtin(BcProgram *p, uint8_t inst) {
+BcStatus bc_program_builtin(BcProgram *p, char inst) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcResult *operand;
-  BcNum *num1;
-  BcResult result;
-
-  if ((status = bc_program_unaryOpPrep(p, &operand, &num1))) return status;
-  if ((status = bc_num_init(&result.data.num, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE))) return status;
+  BcStatus s;
+  BcResult *opnd;
+  BcNum *num = NULL;
+  BcResult res;
+  int len = inst == BC_INST_LENGTH;
 
-  if (inst == BC_INST_SQRT)
-    status = bc_num_sqrt(num1, &result.data.num, p->scale);
-  else {
+  if (!BC_PROG_STACK(&p->results, 1)) return BC_STATUS_EXEC_STACK;
+  opnd = bc_vec_top(&p->results);
 
-    BcProgramBuiltInFunc func;
-    unsigned long ans;
+  s = bc_program_num(p, opnd, &num, 0);
+  if (s) return s;
 
-    func = inst == BC_INST_LENGTH ? bc_program_length : bc_program_scale;
-    ans = func(num1);
+  bc_num_init(&res.d.n, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE);
 
-    status = bc_num_ulong2num(&result.data.num, ans);
+  if (inst == BC_INST_SQRT) s = bc_num_sqrt(num, &res.d.n, p->scale);
+  else if (len && opnd->t == BC_RESULT_ARRAY) {
+    s = bc_num_ulong2num(&res.d.n, (unsigned long) ((BcVec*) num)->len);
+  }
+  else {
+    BcProgramBuiltIn f = len ? bc_program_len : bc_program_scale;
+    s = bc_num_ulong2num(&res.d.n, f(num));
+    if (s) goto err;
   }
 
-  if (status || (status = bc_program_unaryOpRetire(p, &result, BC_RESULT_TEMP)))
-    goto err;
+  bc_program_retire(p, &res, BC_RESULT_TEMP);
 
-  return status;
+  return s;
 
 err:
-  bc_num_free(&result.data.num);
-  return status;
+  bc_num_free(&res.d.n);
+  return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_program_pushScale(BcProgram *p) {
+BcStatus bc_program_pushGlobal(BcProgram *p, char inst) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcResult result;
+  BcStatus s;
+  BcResult res;
+  unsigned long val;
 
-  result.type = BC_RESULT_SCALE;
+  res.t = inst - BC_INST_IBASE + BC_RESULT_IBASE;
+  if (inst == BC_INST_IBASE) val = (unsigned long) p->ib_t;
+  else if (inst == BC_INST_SCALE) val = (unsigned long) p->scale;
+  else val = (unsigned long) p->ob_t;
 
-  if ((status = bc_num_init(&result.data.num, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE))) return status;
-  status = bc_num_ulong2num(&result.data.num, (unsigned long) p->scale);
-  if (status || (status = bc_vec_push(&p->results, &result))) goto err;
+  bc_num_init(&res.d.n, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE);
+  s = bc_num_ulong2num(&res.d.n, val);
+  if (s) goto err;
+  bc_vec_push(&p->results, &res);
 
-  return status;
+  return s;
 
 err:
-  bc_num_free(&result.data.num);
-  return status;
+  bc_num_free(&res.d.n);
+  return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_program_incdec(BcProgram *p, uint8_t inst) {
-
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcResult *ptr, result, copy;
-  BcNum *num;
-
-  if ((status = bc_program_unaryOpPrep(p, &ptr, &num))) return status;
-
-  if (inst == BC_INST_INC_POST || inst == BC_INST_DEC_POST) {
-    copy.type = BC_RESULT_TEMP;
-    if ((status = bc_num_init(&copy.data.num, num->len))) return status;
-  }
-
-  result.type = BC_RESULT_ONE;
-  inst = inst == BC_INST_INC_PRE || inst == BC_INST_INC_POST ?
-            BC_INST_ASSIGN_PLUS : BC_INST_ASSIGN_MINUS;
-
-  if ((status = bc_vec_push(&p->results, &result))) goto err;
-  if ((status = bc_program_assign(p, inst))) goto err;
-
-  if (inst == BC_INST_INC_POST || inst == BC_INST_DEC_POST) {
-    bc_vec_pop(&p->results);
-    if ((status = bc_vec_push(&p->results, &copy))) goto err;
-  }
-
-  return status;
-
-err:
-
-  if (inst == BC_INST_INC_POST || inst == BC_INST_DEC_POST)
-    bc_num_free(&copy.data.num);
-
-  return status;
+void bc_program_free(BcProgram *p) {
+  bc_num_free(&p->ib);
+  bc_num_free(&p->ob);
+  bc_num_free(&p->hexb);
+  bc_vec_free(&p->fns);
+  bc_vec_free(&p->fn_map);
+  bc_vec_free(&p->vars);
+  bc_vec_free(&p->var_map);
+  bc_vec_free(&p->arrs);
+  bc_vec_free(&p->arr_map);
+  bc_vec_free(&p->strs);
+  bc_vec_free(&p->consts);
+  bc_vec_free(&p->results);
+  bc_vec_free(&p->stack);
+  bc_num_free(&p->last);
+  bc_num_free(&p->zero);
+  bc_num_free(&p->one);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_program_init(BcProgram *p, size_t line_len) {
+void bc_program_init(BcProgram *p, size_t line_len) {
 
-  BcStatus s;
   size_t idx;
-  char *main_name, *read_name;
   BcInstPtr ip;
 
-  main_name = read_name = NULL;
+  memset(p, 0, sizeof(BcProgram));
+  memset(&ip, 0, sizeof(BcInstPtr));
+
   p->nchars = p->scale = 0;
-  p->line_len = line_len;
+  p->len = line_len;
 
-  if ((s = bc_num_init(&p->ibase, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE))) return s;
-  bc_num_ten(&p->ibase);
-  p->ibase_t = 10;
+  bc_num_init(&p->ib, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE);
+  bc_num_ten(&p->ib);
+  p->ib_t = 10;
 
-  if ((s = bc_num_init(&p->obase, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE))) goto obase_err;
-  bc_num_ten(&p->obase);
-  p->obase_t = 10;
+  bc_num_init(&p->ob, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE);
+  bc_num_ten(&p->ob);
+  p->ob_t = 10;
 
-  if ((s = bc_num_init(&p->last, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE))) goto last_err;
+  bc_num_init(&p->hexb, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE);
+  bc_num_ten(&p->hexb);
+  p->hexb.num[0] = 6;
+
+  bc_num_init(&p->last, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE);
   bc_num_zero(&p->last);
 
-  if ((s = bc_num_init(&p->zero, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE))) goto zero_err;
+  bc_num_init(&p->zero, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE);
   bc_num_zero(&p->zero);
 
-  if ((s = bc_num_init(&p->one, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE))) goto one_err;
+  bc_num_init(&p->one, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE);
   bc_num_one(&p->one);
 
-  if ((s = bc_vec_init(&p->funcs, sizeof(BcFunc), bc_func_free))) goto func_err;
-
-  s = bc_veco_init(&p->func_map, sizeof(BcEntry), bc_entry_free, bc_entry_cmp);
-  if (s) goto func_map_err;
-
-  if (!(main_name = malloc(sizeof(bc_lang_func_main)))) {
-    s = BC_STATUS_MALLOC_FAIL;
-    goto name_err;
-  }
-
-  strcpy(main_name, bc_lang_func_main);
-  s = bc_program_addFunc(p, main_name, &idx);
-  main_name = NULL;
-  if (s || idx != BC_PROGRAM_MAIN) goto read_err;
-
-  if (!(read_name = malloc(sizeof(bc_lang_func_read)))) {
-    s = BC_STATUS_MALLOC_FAIL;
-    goto read_err;
-  }
-
-  strcpy(read_name, bc_lang_func_read);
-  s = bc_program_addFunc(p, read_name, &idx);
-  read_name = NULL;
-  if (s || idx != BC_PROGRAM_READ) goto var_err;
+  bc_vec_init(&p->fns, sizeof(BcFunc), bc_func_free);
+  bc_map_init(&p->fn_map);
 
-  if ((s = bc_vec_init(&p->vars, sizeof(BcNum), bc_num_free))) goto var_err;
-  s = bc_veco_init(&p->var_map, sizeof(BcEntry), bc_entry_free, bc_entry_cmp);
-  if (s) goto var_map_err;
+  bc_program_addFunc(p, xstrdup(bc_func_main), &idx);
+  bc_program_addFunc(p, xstrdup(bc_func_read), &idx);
 
-  if ((s = bc_vec_init(&p->arrays, sizeof(BcVec), bc_vec_free))) goto array_err;
-  s = bc_veco_init(&p->array_map, sizeof(BcEntry), bc_entry_free, bc_entry_cmp);
-  if (s) goto array_map_err;
+  bc_vec_init(&p->vars, sizeof(BcVec), bc_vec_free);
+  bc_map_init(&p->var_map);
 
-  s = bc_vec_init(&p->strings, sizeof(char*), bc_string_free);
-  if (s) goto string_err;
+  bc_vec_init(&p->arrs, sizeof(BcVec), bc_vec_free);
+  bc_map_init(&p->arr_map);
 
-  s = bc_vec_init(&p->constants, sizeof(char*), bc_string_free);
-  if (s) goto const_err;
-
-  s = bc_vec_init(&p->results, sizeof(BcResult), bc_result_free);
-  if (s) goto expr_err;
-
-  if ((s = bc_vec_init(&p->stack, sizeof(BcInstPtr), NULL))) goto stack_err;
-
-  memset(&ip, 0, sizeof(BcInstPtr));
-
-  if ((s = bc_vec_push(&p->stack, &ip))) goto push_err;
-
-  return s;
-
-push_err:
-  bc_vec_free(&p->stack);
-stack_err:
-  bc_vec_free(&p->results);
-expr_err:
-  bc_vec_free(&p->constants);
-const_err:
-  bc_vec_free(&p->strings);
-string_err:
-  bc_veco_free(&p->array_map);
-array_map_err:
-  bc_vec_free(&p->arrays);
-array_err:
-  bc_veco_free(&p->var_map);
-var_map_err:
-  bc_vec_free(&p->vars);
-var_err:
-  if (read_name) free(read_name);
-read_err:
-  if (main_name) free(main_name);
-name_err:
-  bc_veco_free(&p->func_map);
-func_map_err:
-  bc_vec_free(&p->funcs);
-func_err:
-  bc_num_free(&p->one);
-one_err:
-  bc_num_free(&p->zero);
-zero_err:
-  bc_num_free(&p->last);
-last_err:
-  bc_num_free(&p->obase);
-obase_err:
-  bc_num_free(&p->ibase);
-  return s;
+  bc_vec_init(&p->strs, sizeof(char*), bc_string_free);
+  bc_vec_init(&p->consts, sizeof(char*), bc_string_free);
+  bc_vec_init(&p->results, sizeof(BcResult), bc_result_free);
+  bc_vec_init(&p->stack, sizeof(BcInstPtr), NULL);
+  bc_vec_push(&p->stack, &ip);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_program_addFunc(BcProgram *p, char *name, size_t *idx) {
+void bc_program_addFunc(BcProgram *p, char *name, size_t *idx) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  BcEntry entry, *entry_ptr;
+  BcStatus s;
+  BcId entry, *entry_ptr;
   BcFunc f;
 
   entry.name = name;
-  entry.idx = p->funcs.len;
+  entry.idx = p->fns.len;
 
-  if ((status = bc_veco_insert(&p->func_map, &entry, idx))) {
-    free(name);
-    if (status != BC_STATUS_VEC_ITEM_EXISTS) return status;
-  }
+  s = bc_map_insert(&p->fn_map, &entry, idx);
+  if (s) free(name);
 
-  entry_ptr = bc_veco_item(&p->func_map, *idx);
+  entry_ptr = bc_vec_item(&p->fn_map, *idx);
   *idx = entry_ptr->idx;
 
-  if (status == BC_STATUS_VEC_ITEM_EXISTS) {
-
-    BcFunc *func = bc_vec_item(&p->funcs, entry_ptr->idx);
+  if (s == BC_STATUS_VEC_ITEM_EXISTS) {
 
-    status = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+    BcFunc *func = bc_vec_item(&p->fns, entry_ptr->idx);
 
     // We need to reset these, so the function can be repopulated.
     func->nparams = 0;
@@ -5315,208 +5214,191 @@ BcStatus bc_program_addFunc(BcProgram *p, char *name, size_t *idx) {
     bc_vec_npop(&func->labels, func->labels.len);
   }
   else {
-    if ((status = bc_func_init(&f))) return status;
-    if ((status = bc_vec_push(&p->funcs, &f))) bc_func_free(&f);
+    bc_func_init(&f);
+    bc_vec_push(&p->fns, &f);
   }
-
-  return status;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_program_reset(BcProgram *p, BcStatus status) {
+BcStatus bc_program_reset(BcProgram *p, BcStatus s) {
 
-  BcFunc *func;
+  BcFunc *f;
   BcInstPtr *ip;
 
   bc_vec_npop(&p->stack, p->stack.len - 1);
   bc_vec_npop(&p->results, p->results.len);
 
-  func = bc_vec_item(&p->funcs, 0);
+  f = bc_vec_item(&p->fns, 0);
   ip = bc_vec_top(&p->stack);
-  ip->idx = func->code.len;
+  ip->idx = f->code.len;
 
-  if (!status && TT.signe && !TT.tty) return BC_STATUS_QUIT;
+  if (!s && TT.signe && !TT.tty) return BC_STATUS_QUIT;
 
   TT.sigc += TT.signe;
   TT.signe = TT.sig != TT.sigc;
 
-  if ((!status || status == BC_STATUS_EXEC_SIGNAL) && TT.tty) {
-    status = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-    fprintf(stderr, "%s", bc_program_ready_prompt);
-    fflush(stderr);
+  if (!s || s == BC_STATUS_EXEC_SIGNAL) {
+    if (TT.ttyin) {
+      bc_vm_puts(bc_program_ready_msg, stderr);
+      bc_vm_fflush(stderr);
+      s = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+    }
+    else s = BC_STATUS_QUIT;
   }
 
-  return status;
+  return s;
 }
 
 BcStatus bc_program_exec(BcProgram *p) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  uint8_t *code;
-  size_t idx, len, *addr;
-  BcResult result;
-  BcResult *ptr;
+  BcStatus s = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  size_t idx;
+  BcResult r, *ptr;
   BcNum *num;
-  BcFunc *func;
-  BcInstPtr *ip;
-  int cond;
-  const char **string, *s;
-
-  status = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-  cond = 0;
+  BcInstPtr *ip = bc_vec_top(&p->stack);
+  BcFunc *func = bc_vec_item(&p->fns, ip->func);
+  char *code = func->code.v;
+  int cond = 0;
 
-  ip = bc_vec_top(&p->stack);
-  func = bc_vec_item(&p->funcs, ip->func);
-  code = func->code.array;
-
-  while (!status && !TT.sig_other && ip->idx < func->code.len) {
+  while (!s && ip->idx < func->code.len) {
 
-    uint8_t inst = code[(ip->idx)++];
+    char inst = code[(ip->idx)++];
 
     switch (inst) {
 
-      case BC_INST_CALL:
-      {
-        status = bc_program_call(p, code, &ip->idx);
-        break;
-      }
-
-      case BC_INST_RETURN:
-      case BC_INST_RETURN_ZERO:
-      {
-        status = bc_program_return(p, inst);
-        break;
-      }
-
-      case BC_INST_READ:
-      {
-        status = bc_program_read(p);
-        break;
-      }
-
       case BC_INST_JUMP_ZERO:
       {
-        if ((status = bc_program_unaryOpPrep(p, &ptr, &num))) return status;
+        s = bc_program_prep(p, &ptr, &num);
+        if (s) return s;
         cond = !bc_num_cmp(num, &p->zero);
         bc_vec_pop(&p->results);
       }
       // Fallthrough.
       case BC_INST_JUMP:
       {
+        size_t *addr;
         idx = bc_program_index(code, &ip->idx);
         addr = bc_vec_item(&func->labels, idx);
         if (inst == BC_INST_JUMP || cond) ip->idx = *addr;
         break;
       }
 
-      case BC_INST_PUSH_VAR:
-      case BC_INST_PUSH_ARRAY_ELEM:
+      case BC_INST_CALL:
       {
-        status = bc_program_push(p, code, &ip->idx, inst == BC_INST_PUSH_VAR);
+        s = bc_program_call(p, code, &ip->idx);
         break;
       }
 
-      case BC_INST_PUSH_LAST:
+      case BC_INST_INC_PRE:
+      case BC_INST_DEC_PRE:
+      case BC_INST_INC_POST:
+      case BC_INST_DEC_POST:
       {
-        result.type = BC_RESULT_LAST;
-        status = bc_vec_push(&p->results, &result);
+        s = bc_program_incdec(p, inst);
         break;
       }
 
-      case BC_INST_PUSH_SCALE:
+      case BC_INST_HALT:
       {
-        status = bc_program_pushScale(p);
+        s = BC_STATUS_QUIT;
         break;
       }
 
-      case BC_INST_PUSH_IBASE:
+      case BC_INST_RET:
+      case BC_INST_RET0:
       {
-        result.type = BC_RESULT_IBASE;
-        status = bc_vec_push(&p->results, &result);
+        s = bc_program_return(p, inst);
         break;
       }
 
-      case BC_INST_PUSH_OBASE:
+      case BC_INST_BOOL_OR:
+      case BC_INST_BOOL_AND:
+      case BC_INST_REL_EQ:
+      case BC_INST_REL_LE:
+      case BC_INST_REL_GE:
+      case BC_INST_REL_NE:
+      case BC_INST_REL_LT:
+      case BC_INST_REL_GT:
       {
-        result.type = BC_RESULT_OBASE;
-        status = bc_vec_push(&p->results, &result);
+        s = bc_program_logical(p, inst);
         break;
       }
 
-      case BC_INST_SCALE_FUNC:
-      case BC_INST_LENGTH:
-      case BC_INST_SQRT:
+      case BC_INST_READ:
       {
-        status = bc_program_builtin(p, inst);
+        s = bc_program_read(p);
         break;
       }
 
-      case BC_INST_PUSH_NUM:
+      case BC_INST_VAR:
       {
-        result.type = BC_RESULT_CONSTANT;
-        result.data.id.idx = bc_program_index(code, &ip->idx);
-        status = bc_vec_push(&p->results, &result);
+        s = bc_program_pushVar(p, code, &ip->idx, 0, 0);
         break;
       }
 
-      case BC_INST_POP:
+      case BC_INST_ARRAY_ELEM:
+      case BC_INST_ARRAY:
       {
-        bc_vec_pop(&p->results);
+        s = bc_program_pushArray(p, code, &ip->idx, inst);
         break;
       }
 
-      case BC_INST_INC_POST:
-      case BC_INST_DEC_POST:
-      case BC_INST_INC_PRE:
-      case BC_INST_DEC_PRE:
+      case BC_INST_LAST:
       {
-        status = bc_program_incdec(p, inst);
+        r.t = BC_RESULT_LAST;
+        bc_vec_push(&p->results, &r);
         break;
       }
 
-      case BC_INST_HALT:
+      case BC_INST_IBASE:
+      case BC_INST_SCALE:
+      case BC_INST_OBASE:
       {
-        status = BC_STATUS_QUIT;
+        s = bc_program_pushGlobal(p, inst);
         break;
       }
 
-      case BC_INST_PRINT:
-      case BC_INST_PRINT_EXPR:
+      case BC_INST_SCALE_FUNC:
+      case BC_INST_LENGTH:
+      case BC_INST_SQRT:
       {
-        if ((status = bc_program_unaryOpPrep(p, &ptr, &num))) return status;
-
-        status = bc_num_print(num, &p->obase, p->obase_t, inst == BC_INST_PRINT,
-                              &p->nchars, p->line_len);
-        if (status) return status;
-        if ((status = bc_num_copy(&p->last, num))) return status;
-
-        bc_vec_pop(&p->results);
-
+        s = bc_program_builtin(p, inst);
         break;
       }
 
-      case BC_INST_STR:
+      case BC_INST_NUM:
       {
-        idx = bc_program_index(code, &ip->idx);
-        string = bc_vec_item(&p->strings, idx);
-
-        s = *string;
-        len = strlen(s);
+        r.t = BC_RESULT_CONSTANT;
+        r.d.id.idx = bc_program_index(code, &ip->idx);
+        bc_vec_push(&p->results, &r);
+        break;
+      }
 
-        for (idx = 0; idx < len; ++idx) {
-          char c = s[idx];
-          if (putchar(c) == EOF) return BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
-          if (c == '\n') p->nchars = SIZE_MAX;
-          ++p->nchars;
-        }
+      case BC_INST_POP:
+      {
+        if (!BC_PROG_STACK(&p->results, 1)) s = BC_STATUS_EXEC_STACK;
+        else bc_vec_pop(&p->results);
+        break;
+      }
 
+      case BC_INST_POP_EXEC:
+      {
+        bc_vec_pop(&p->stack);
         break;
       }
 
+      case BC_INST_PRINT:
+      case BC_INST_PRINT_POP:
       case BC_INST_PRINT_STR:
       {
-        idx = bc_program_index(code, &ip->idx);
-        string = bc_vec_item(&p->strings, idx);
-        status = bc_program_printString(*string, &p->nchars);
+        s = bc_program_print(p, inst, 0);
+        break;
+      }
+
+      case BC_INST_STR:
+      {
+        r.t = BC_RESULT_STR;
+        r.d.id.idx = bc_program_index(code, &ip->idx);
+        bc_vec_push(&p->results, &r);
         break;
       }
 
@@ -5527,46 +5409,25 @@ BcStatus bc_program_exec(BcProgram *p) {
       case BC_INST_PLUS:
       case BC_INST_MINUS:
       {
-        status = bc_program_op(p, inst);
-        break;
-      }
-
-      case BC_INST_REL_EQ:
-      case BC_INST_REL_LE:
-      case BC_INST_REL_GE:
-      case BC_INST_REL_NE:
-      case BC_INST_REL_LT:
-      case BC_INST_REL_GT:
-      {
-        status = bc_program_logical(p, inst);
+        s = bc_program_op(p, inst);
         break;
       }
 
       case BC_INST_BOOL_NOT:
       {
-        if ((status = bc_program_unaryOpPrep(p, &ptr, &num))) return status;
-        status = bc_num_init(&result.data.num, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE);
-        if (status) return status;
+        s = bc_program_prep(p, &ptr, &num);
+        if (s) return s;
 
-        if (bc_num_cmp(num, &p->zero)) bc_num_one(&result.data.num);
-        else bc_num_zero(&result.data.num);
-
-        status = bc_program_unaryOpRetire(p, &result, BC_RESULT_TEMP);
-        if (status) bc_num_free(&result.data.num);
+        bc_num_init(&r.d.n, BC_NUM_DEF_SIZE);
+        (!bc_num_cmp(num, &p->zero) ? bc_num_one : bc_num_zero)(&r.d.n);
+        bc_program_retire(p, &r, BC_RESULT_TEMP);
 
         break;
       }
 
-      case BC_INST_BOOL_OR:
-      case BC_INST_BOOL_AND:
-      {
-        status = bc_program_logical(p, inst);
-        break;
-      }
-
       case BC_INST_NEG:
       {
-        status = bc_program_negate(p);
+        s = bc_program_negate(p);
         break;
       }
 
@@ -5578,315 +5439,326 @@ BcStatus bc_program_exec(BcProgram *p) {
       case BC_INST_ASSIGN_MINUS:
       case BC_INST_ASSIGN:
       {
-        status = bc_program_assign(p, inst);
-        break;
-      }
-
-      default:
-      {
+        s = bc_program_assign(p, inst);
         break;
       }
     }
 
-    if ((status && status != BC_STATUS_QUIT) || TT.signe)
-      status = bc_program_reset(p, status);
+    if ((s && s != BC_STATUS_QUIT) || TT.signe) s = bc_program_reset(p, s);
 
-    // We need to update because if the stack changes, pointers may be invalid.
+    // If the stack has changed, pointers may be invalid.
     ip = bc_vec_top(&p->stack);
-    func = bc_vec_item(&p->funcs, ip->func);
-    code = func->code.array;
+    func = bc_vec_item(&p->fns, ip->func);
+    code = func->code.v;
   }
 
-  return status;
+  return s;
 }
 
-void bc_program_free(BcProgram *p) {
+void bc_vm_sig(int sig) {
+  int err = errno;
+  size_t len = strlen(bc_sig_msg);
+  if (sig == SIGINT && write(2, bc_sig_msg, len) == (ssize_t) len) {
+    TT.signe = TT.sig == TT.sigc;
+    TT.sig += TT.signe;
+  }
+  errno = err;
+}
 
-  if (!p) return;
+void bc_vm_info(void) {
+  bc_vm_printf(stdout, "%s %s\n", toys.which->name, "1.1");
+  bc_vm_puts(bc_copyright, stdout);
+}
 
-  bc_num_free(&p->ibase);
-  bc_num_free(&p->obase);
+BcStatus bc_vm_error(BcStatus s, const char *file, size_t line) {
 
-  bc_vec_free(&p->funcs);
-  bc_veco_free(&p->func_map);
+  if (!s || s > BC_STATUS_VEC_ITEM_EXISTS) return s;
 
-  bc_vec_free(&p->vars);
-  bc_veco_free(&p->var_map);
+  bc_vm_printf(stderr, bc_err_fmt, bc_errs[bc_err_ids[s]], bc_err_msgs[s]);
+  bc_vm_printf(stderr, "    %s", file);
+  bc_vm_printf(stderr, bc_err_line + 4 * !line, line);
 
-  bc_vec_free(&p->arrays);
-  bc_veco_free(&p->array_map);
+  return s * (!TT.ttyin || !!strcmp(file, bc_program_stdin_name));
+}
 
-  bc_vec_free(&p->strings);
-  bc_vec_free(&p->constants);
+BcStatus bc_vm_posixError(BcStatus s, const char *file,
+                          size_t line, const char *msg)
+{
+  int p = (int) (toys.optflags & FLAG_s), w = (int) (toys.optflags & FLAG_w);
+  const char* const fmt = p ? bc_err_fmt : bc_warn_fmt;
 
-  bc_vec_free(&p->results);
-  bc_vec_free(&p->stack);
+  if (!(p || w) || s < BC_STATUS_POSIX_NAME_LEN) return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 
-  bc_num_free(&p->last);
-  bc_num_free(&p->zero);
-  bc_num_free(&p->one);
+  bc_vm_printf(stderr, fmt, bc_errs[bc_err_ids[s]], bc_err_msgs[s]);
+  if (msg) bc_vm_printf(stderr, "    %s\n", msg);
+  bc_vm_printf(stderr, "    %s", file);
+  bc_vm_printf(stderr, bc_err_line + 4 * !line, line);
 
-  memset(p, 0, sizeof(BcProgram));
+  return s * (!TT.ttyin && !!p);
 }
 
-void bc_sig(int sig) {
-  if (sig == SIGINT) {
-    if (write(2, bc_sig_msg, sizeof(bc_sig_msg) - 1) >= 0)
-      TT.sig += (TT.signe = TT.sig == TT.sigc);
+size_t bc_vm_envLen(const char *var) {
+
+  char *lenv = getenv(var);
+  size_t i, len = BC_NUM_PRINT_WIDTH;
+  int num;
+
+  if (!lenv) return len;
+
+  len = strlen(lenv);
+
+  for (num = 1, i = 0; num && i < len; ++i) num = isdigit(lenv[i]);
+  if (num) {
+    len = (size_t) atoi(lenv) - 1;
+    if (len < 2 || len >= INT32_MAX) len = BC_NUM_PRINT_WIDTH;
   }
-  else TT.sig_other = 1;
-}
+  else len = BC_NUM_PRINT_WIDTH;
 
-BcStatus bc_error(BcStatus s) {
-  if (!s || s >= BC_STATUS_POSIX_NAME_LEN) return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-  fprintf(stderr, bc_err_fmt, bc_errs[bc_err_indices[s]], bc_err_descs[s]);
-  return s * !TT.tty;
+  return len;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_error_file(BcStatus s, const char *file, size_t line) {
-  if (!s || !file || s >= BC_STATUS_POSIX_NAME_LEN) return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-  fprintf(stderr, bc_err_fmt, bc_errs[bc_err_indices[s]], bc_err_descs[s]);
-  fprintf(stderr, "    %s", file);
-  fprintf(stderr, &":%d\n\n"[3 * !line], line);
-  return s * !TT.tty;
+void bc_vm_exit(BcStatus s) {
+  bc_vm_printf(stderr, bc_err_fmt, bc_errs[bc_err_ids[s]], bc_err_msgs[s]);
+  exit((int) s);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_posix_error(BcStatus s, const char *file,
-                        size_t line, const char *msg)
-{
-  int p = (int) (toys.optflags & FLAG_s), w = (int) (toys.optflags & FLAG_w);
+void bc_vm_printf(FILE *restrict f, const char *fmt, ...) {
 
-  if (!(p || w) || s < BC_STATUS_POSIX_NAME_LEN || !file)
-    return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  va_list args;
+  int bad;
 
-  fprintf(stderr, "\n%s %s: %s\n", bc_errs[bc_err_indices[s]],
-          p ? "error" : "warning", bc_err_descs[s]);
+  va_start(args, fmt);
+  bad = vfprintf(f, fmt, args) < 0;
+  va_end(args);
 
-  if (msg) fprintf(stderr, "    %s\n", msg);
-  fprintf(stderr, "    %s", file);
-  fprintf(stderr, &":%d\n\n"[3 * !line], line);
+  if (bad) bc_vm_exit(BC_STATUS_IO_ERR);
+}
 
-  return s * !!p;
+void bc_vm_puts(const char *str, FILE *restrict f) {
+  if (fputs(str, f) == EOF) bc_vm_exit(BC_STATUS_IO_ERR);
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_process(Bc *bc, const char *text) {
+void bc_vm_putchar(int c) {
+  if (putchar(c) == EOF) bc_vm_exit(BC_STATUS_IO_ERR);
+}
 
-  BcStatus s = bc_lex_text(&bc->parse.lex, text);
+void bc_vm_fflush(FILE *restrict f) {
+  if (fflush(f) == EOF) bc_vm_exit(BC_STATUS_IO_ERR);
+}
 
-  if (s && (s = bc_error_file(s, bc->parse.lex.file, bc->parse.lex.line)))
-    return s;
+BcStatus bc_vm_process(BcVm *vm, const char *text) {
 
-  while (bc->parse.lex.token.type != BC_LEX_EOF) {
+  BcStatus s = bc_parse_text(&vm->prs, text);
 
-    if ((s = bc_parse_parse(&bc->parse)) == BC_STATUS_LIMITS) {
+  s = bc_vm_error(s, vm->prs.l.f, vm->prs.l.line);
+  if (s) return s;
 
-      s = BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
+  while (vm->prs.l.t.t != BC_LEX_EOF) {
 
-      if (putchar('\n') == EOF) return s;
+    s = bc_parse_parse(&vm->prs);
 
-      if (printf("BC_BASE_MAX     = %zu\n", (size_t) maxof_BASE) < 0 ||
-          printf("BC_DIM_MAX      = %zu\n", (size_t) maxof_DIM) < 0 ||
-          printf("BC_SCALE_MAX    = %zu\n", (size_t) maxof_SCALE) < 0 ||
-          printf("BC_STRING_MAX   = %zu\n", (size_t) maxof_STRING) < 0 ||
-          printf("Max Exponent    = %ld\n", (long) LONG_MAX) < 0 ||
-          printf("Number of Vars  = %zu\n", (size_t) SIZE_MAX) < 0)
-      {
-        return s;
-      }
+    if (s == BC_STATUS_LIMITS) {
+
+      bc_vm_putchar('\n');
+      bc_vm_printf(stdout, "BC_BASE_MAX     = %lu\n", BC_MAX_OBASE);
+      bc_vm_printf(stdout, "BC_DIM_MAX      = %lu\n", BC_MAX_DIM);
+      bc_vm_printf(stdout, "BC_SCALE_MAX    = %lu\n", BC_MAX_SCALE);
+      bc_vm_printf(stdout, "BC_STRING_MAX   = %lu\n", BC_MAX_STRING);
+      bc_vm_printf(stdout, "BC_NAME_MAX     = %lu\n", BC_MAX_NAME);
+      bc_vm_printf(stdout, "BC_NUM_MAX      = %lu\n", BC_MAX_NUM);
+      bc_vm_printf(stdout, "Max Exponent    = %lu\n", BC_MAX_EXP);
+      bc_vm_printf(stdout, "Number of Vars  = %lu\n", BC_MAX_VARS);
+      bc_vm_putchar('\n');
 
-      if (putchar('\n') == EOF) return s;
+      s = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
     }
-    else if (s == BC_STATUS_QUIT || TT.sig_other ||
-        (s && (s = bc_error_file(s, bc->parse.lex.file, bc->parse.lex.line))))
-    {
-      return s;
+    else {
+      if (s == BC_STATUS_QUIT) return s;
+      s = bc_vm_error(s, vm->prs.l.f, vm->prs.l.line);
+      if (s) return s;
     }
   }
 
-  if (BC_PARSE_CAN_EXEC(&bc->parse)) {
-    s = bc_program_exec(&bc->prog);
-    if (TT.tty) fflush(stdout);
-    if (s && s != BC_STATUS_QUIT) s = bc_error(s);
+  if (BC_PARSE_CAN_EXEC(&vm->prs)) {
+    s = bc_program_exec(&vm->prog);
+    if (!s && TT.tty) bc_vm_fflush(stdout);
+    if (s && s != BC_STATUS_QUIT)
+      s = bc_vm_error(bc_program_reset(&vm->prog, s), vm->prs.l.f, 0);
   }
 
   return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_file(Bc *bc, const char *file) {
+BcStatus bc_vm_file(BcVm *vm, const char *file) {
 
   BcStatus s;
   char *data;
   BcFunc *main_func;
   BcInstPtr *ip;
 
-  bc->prog.file = file;
-  if ((s = bc_io_fread(file, &data))) return s;
+  vm->prog.file = file;
+  s = bc_read_file(file, &data);
+  if (s) return bc_vm_error(s, file, 0);
 
-  bc_lex_init(&bc->parse.lex, file);
-  if ((s = bc_process(bc, data))) goto err;
+  bc_lex_file(&vm->prs.l, file);
+  s = bc_vm_process(vm, data);
+  if (s) goto err;
 
-  main_func = bc_vec_item(&bc->prog.funcs, BC_PROGRAM_MAIN);
-  ip = bc_vec_item(&bc->prog.stack, 0);
+  main_func = bc_vec_item(&vm->prog.fns, BC_PROG_MAIN);
+  ip = bc_vec_item(&vm->prog.stack, 0);
 
-  if (main_func->code.len > ip->idx) s = BC_STATUS_EXEC_FILE_NOT_EXECUTABLE;
+  if (main_func->code.len < ip->idx)
+    s = BC_STATUS_EXEC_FILE_NOT_EXECUTABLE;
 
 err:
   free(data);
   return s;
 }
 
-BcStatus bc_concat(char **buffer, size_t *n, char *buf, size_t total_len) {
-
-  if (total_len > *n) {
-
-    char *temp = realloc(*buffer, total_len + 1);
-    if (!temp) return BC_STATUS_MALLOC_FAIL;
-
-    *buffer = temp;
-    *n = total_len;
-  }
-
-  strcat(*buffer, buf);
+BcStatus bc_vm_stdin(BcVm *vm) {
 
-  return BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-BcStatus bc_stdin(Bc *bc) {
-
-  BcStatus s;
-  char *buf, *buffer, c;
-  size_t n, bufn, slen, total_len, len, i;
-  int string, comment, notend;
+  BcStatus s = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  BcVec buf, buffer;
+  char c;
+  size_t len, i, str = 0;
+  int comment = 0, notend;
 
-  bc->prog.file = bc_program_stdin_name;
-  bc_lex_init(&bc->parse.lex, bc_program_stdin_name);
+  vm->prog.file = bc_program_stdin_name;
+  bc_lex_file(&vm->prs.l, bc_program_stdin_name);
 
-  n = bufn = BC_BUF_SIZE;
+  bc_vec_init(&buffer, sizeof(char), NULL);
+  bc_vec_init(&buf, sizeof(char), NULL);
+  bc_vec_pushByte(&buffer, '\0');
 
-  if (!(buffer = malloc(BC_BUF_SIZE + 1))) return BC_STATUS_MALLOC_FAIL;
+  // This loop is complex because the vm tries not to send any lines that end
+  // with a backslash to the parser. The reason for that is because the parser
+  // treats a backslash+newline combo as whitespace, per the bc spec. In that
+  // case, and for strings and comments, the parser will expect more stuff.
+  for (s = bc_read_line(&buf, ">>> "); !s; s = bc_read_line(&buf, ">>> ")) {
 
-  if (!(buf = malloc(BC_BUF_SIZE + 1))) {
-    s = BC_STATUS_MALLOC_FAIL;
-    goto buf_err;
-  }
+    char *string = buf.v;
 
-  buffer[0] = '\0';
-  string = comment = 0;
-  s = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+    len = buf.len - 1;
 
-  // The following loop is complex because the vm tries not to send any lines
-  // that end with a backslash to the parser. The reason for that is because the
-  // parser treats a backslash+newline combo as whitespace, per the bc spec. In
-  // that case, and for strings and comments, the parser will expect more stuff.
-  while ((!s || s != BC_STATUS_QUIT) &&
-         !((s = bc_io_getline(&buf, &bufn)) && s != BC_STATUS_BINARY_FILE))
-  {
-    if (s == BC_STATUS_BINARY_FILE) {
-      putchar('\a');
-      s = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
-      continue;
+    if (len == 1) {
+      if (str && buf.v[0] == '"') str -= 1;
+      else if (buf.v[0] == '"') str += 1;
     }
-
-    len = strlen(buf);
-    slen = strlen(buffer);
-    total_len = slen + len;
-
-    if (len == 1 && buf[0] == '"') string = !string;
     else if (len > 1 || comment) {
 
       for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
 
         notend = len > i + 1;
+        c = string[i];
 
-        if ((c = buf[i]) == '"') string = !string;
-        else if (c == '/' && notend && !comment && buf[i + 1] == '*') {
+        if ((i - 1 > len || string[i - 1] != '\\') && c == '"') str = !str;
+
+        if (c == '/' && notend && !comment && string[i + 1] == '*') {
           comment = 1;
           break;
         }
-        else if (c == '*' && notend && comment && buf[i + 1] == '/')
+        else if (c == '*' && notend && comment && string[i + 1] == '/')
           comment = 0;
       }
 
-      if (string || comment || buf[len - 2] == '\\') {
-        if ((s = bc_concat(&buffer, &n, buf, total_len))) goto exit_err;
+      if (str || comment || string[len - 2] == '\\') {
+        bc_vec_concat(&buffer, buf.v);
         continue;
       }
     }
 
-    if ((s = bc_concat(&buffer, &n, buf, total_len))) goto exit_err;
+    bc_vec_concat(&buffer, buf.v);
+    s = bc_vm_process(vm, buffer.v);
+    if (s) goto err;
 
-    s = bc_process(bc, buffer);
-    buffer[0] = '\0';
+    bc_vec_npop(&buffer, buffer.len);
   }
 
+  if (s == BC_STATUS_BIN_FILE) s = bc_vm_error(s, vm->prs.l.f, 0);
+
   // I/O error will always happen when stdin is
   // closed. It's not a problem in that case.
-  s = s == BC_STATUS_IO_ERR ? BC_STATUS_SUCCESS : s;
+  s = s == BC_STATUS_IO_ERR || s == BC_STATUS_QUIT ? BC_STATUS_SUCCESS : s;
+
+  if (str) s = bc_vm_error(BC_STATUS_LEX_NO_STRING_END,
+                           vm->prs.l.f, vm->prs.l.line);
+  else if (comment) s = bc_vm_error(BC_STATUS_LEX_NO_COMMENT_END,
+                                    vm->prs.l.f, vm->prs.l.line);
 
-exit_err:
-  free(buf);
-buf_err:
-  free(buffer);
+err:
+  bc_vec_free(&buf);
+  bc_vec_free(&buffer);
   return s;
 }
 
-void bc_main(void) {
+BcStatus bc_vm_exec(BcVm *vm) {
 
-  BcStatus status;
-  Bc bc;
-  struct sigaction sa;
-  size_t i, len;
-  char *lenv;
-  int num;
+  BcStatus s = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  size_t i;
+
+  if (toys.optflags & FLAG_l) {
+
+    bc_lex_file(&vm->prs.l, bc_lib_name);
+    s = bc_parse_text(&vm->prs, bc_lib);
 
-  TT.tty = (toys.optflags & FLAG_i) || (isatty(0) && isatty(1));
+    while (!s && vm->prs.l.t.t != BC_LEX_EOF) s = bc_parse_parse(&vm->prs);
 
-  if ((lenv = getenv("BC_LINE_LENGTH"))) {
-    len = strlen(lenv);
-    for (num = 1, i = 0; num && i < len; ++i) num = isdigit(lenv[i]);
-    if (!num || (len = (size_t) atoi(lenv) - 1) < 2) len = BC_NUM_PRINT_WIDTH;
+    if (s) return s;
+    s = bc_program_exec(&vm->prog);
+    if (s) return s;
   }
-  else len = BC_NUM_PRINT_WIDTH;
 
-  if ((toys.exitval = bc_program_init(&bc.prog, len))) return;
-  if ((status = bc_parse_init(&bc.parse, &bc.prog))) goto parse_err;
+  for (i = 0; !s && i < toys.optc; ++i)
+    s = bc_vm_file(vm, toys.optargs[i]);
+  if (s && s != BC_STATUS_QUIT) return s;
+
+  s = bc_vm_stdin(vm);
+  if (!s && !BC_PARSE_CAN_EXEC(&vm->prs)) s = bc_vm_process(vm, "");
+
+  return s == BC_STATUS_QUIT ? BC_STATUS_SUCCESS : s;
+}
+
+void bc_vm_free(BcVm *vm) {
+  bc_program_free(&vm->prog);
+  bc_parse_free(&vm->prs);
+}
+
+BcStatus bc_vm_init(BcVm *vm) {
+
+  BcStatus s = BC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+  size_t len = bc_vm_envLen("BC_LINE_LENGTH");
+  struct sigaction sa;
 
   sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
-  sa.sa_handler = bc_sig;
+  sa.sa_handler = bc_vm_sig;
   sa.sa_flags = 0;
+  sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, NULL);
 
-  if (sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, NULL) < 0 || sigaction(SIGPIPE, &sa, NULL) < 0 ||
-      sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa, NULL) < 0 || sigaction(SIGTERM, &sa, NULL) < 0)
-  {
-    status = BC_STATUS_EXEC_SIGACTION_FAIL;
-    goto err;
-  }
+  memset(vm, 0, sizeof(BcVm));
 
-  if (TT.tty && !(toys.optflags & FLAG_q) && printf("%s", bc_header) < 0) {
-    status = BC_STATUS_IO_ERR;
-    goto err;
-  }
+  toys.optflags |= FLAG_s * (getenv("POSIXLY_CORRECT") != NULL);
 
-  if (toys.optflags & FLAG_l) {
+  bc_program_init(&vm->prog, len);
+  bc_parse_init(&vm->prs, &vm->prog, BC_PROG_MAIN);
 
-    bc_lex_init(&bc.parse.lex, bc_lib_name);
-    if ((status = bc_lex_text(&bc.parse.lex, bc_lib))) goto err;
+  return s;
+}
 
-    while (!status && bc.parse.lex.token.type != BC_LEX_EOF)
-      status = bc_parse_parse(&bc.parse);
+void bc_main(void) {
 
-    if (status || (status = bc_program_exec(&bc.prog))) goto err;
-  }
+  BcStatus st;
+  BcVm vm;
 
-  for (i = 0; !TT.sig_other && !status && i < toys.optc; ++i)
-    status = bc_file(&bc, toys.optargs[i]);
-  if (status || TT.sig_other) goto err;
+  st = bc_vm_init(&vm);
+  if (st) goto exit;
 
-  status = bc_stdin(&bc);
+  TT.ttyin = isatty(0);
+  TT.tty = TT.ttyin || (toys.optflags & FLAG_i) || isatty(1);
 
-err:
-  if (CFG_TOYBOX_FREE) bc_parse_free(&bc.parse);
-parse_err:
-  bc_program_free(&bc.prog);
-  toys.exitval = status == BC_STATUS_QUIT ? BC_STATUS_SUCCESS : status;
+  if (TT.ttyin && !(toys.optflags & FLAG_q)) bc_vm_info();
+  st = bc_vm_exec(&vm);
+
+exit:
+  if (CFG_TOYBOX_FREE) bc_vm_free(&vm);
+  toys.exitval = (int) st;
 }