path: root/README

                               ==========
                                 lariza
                               ==========


A simple web browser using GTK+ 3, GLib and WebKit2GTK+.

Features:

    - A WebKit2 viewport
    - An input box to change the URI or to search the current page
    - Built-in launching of suckless' tabbed
    - Built-in download manager
    - Optimized hotkeys: Left hand on keyboard, right hand on mouse
    - Keyword based searching: Opening "wi foo" will search wikipedia
    - Global content zoom
    - Cooperative instances using FIFOs
    - Certificate trust store
    - Support for Flash and Java
    - Bundled web extensions:
        - Adblock


==============
About the name
==============

"lariza" stems from a german sentence:

    Alle anderen waren mir zu anstrengend.
     l   a         r    i  z  a

That phrase basically means: "It was too tiresome to deal with any other
browser." I couldn't find a simple browser that does just what I need.
Most of them are utterly bloated, others lack essential functions. Thus,
I was forced to write scripts and tools and stuff to deal with these
issues. That is what was tiresome. I don't want to work around bugs or
nonsensical behavior anymore.

So, I wrote my own browser^W WebKit GUI. WebKit does all the dirty work.


================================
What lariza is and what it's not
================================

lariza does what I need. It won't do other things. I'm open for pull
requests but please don't be upset if I turn them down -- which might
happen if it's a feature that I simply don't need.

Especially, it's very likely that lariza will never have a "follow
mode" like dwb, luakit or others have. I've used these browsers for
quite some time and I've also used Firefox extensions that add a "follow
mode". The point is, "follow mode" doesn't work anymore. This was a good
thing ten years ago. Today, a lot of websites make heavy use of
JavaScript or hovering. You NEED some kind of pointing device. I found
using "follow mode" to be very frustrating today, because you still have
to reach for the mouse all the time. So, you might as well just optimize
your mousing workflow.

lariza does not compete with powerful browsers like dwb or luakit, nor
with monstrous applications like Firefox or Chromium. lariza won't have
persistent storage, nor a plugin system, nor cloud sync, nor bookmarks.

lariza tries not to exceed 1000 lines of code.

That being said, this kind of minimalism is not for everyone. If you're
looking for more features (and a more open feature policy), then you
might want to check out okraits' fork:

    https://github.com/okraits/lariza/


========================
Using lariza with tabbed
========================

By default, lariza automatically launches an instance of suckless'
tabbed.

You can turn this feature off (see command line arguments) or you can
specify a command line argument to embed lariza in an arbitrary
container (XEMBED). Note that lariza will also automatically embed new
windows in the same container.

When using the automatically launched tabbed instance, you can't use
tabbed's Ctrl + Shift + Return hotkey. This is because tabbed is
launched with "-d", so it knows nothing about lariza. However, lariza
provides its own hotkey to launch a new window which will be embedded in
the same instance of tabbed.


=======
Hotkeys
=======

Main windows

    When the WebKit viewport is focused:

        Mod1 + q
            Close the current window.

        Mod1 + w
            Go to your "homepage". See the environment variable
            $LARIZA_HOME_URI.

        Mod1 + e
            Open a new window.

        Mod1 + r
            Reload the current page.

        Mod1 + d
            Open the download manager.

        Mod1 + l
            Focus the location bar.

        Mod1 + k
            Focus the location bar and set its text to "/", allowing you
            to easily initiate a search.

        Mod1 + 2  or  Mod1 + n
            Repeat the last search (forward).

        Mod1 + 3
            Repeat the last search (backward).

        Mod1 + c
            Reload trusted certificates.

        Escape
            Stop loading.

        Middle mouse
            Open the link under the pointer in a new window.

        Backward / forward (mouse keys 8 and 9)
            Does the obvious.

        Mod1 + Scroll up  or  Ctrl + Scroll up
            Increase zoom level of the current page.

        Mod1 + Scroll down  or  Ctrl + Scroll down
            Decrase zoom level of the current page.

        Mod1 + Scroll horizontally  or  Ctrl + Scroll horizontally
            Reset zoom to $LARIZA_ZOOM.


    When the location bar is focused:

        Mod1 + q
            Close the current window.

        Mod1 + d
            Open the download manager.

        Mod1 + r
            Reload the current page.

        Mod1 + k
            Reset the content of the location bar to "/".

        Mod1 + c
            Reload trusted certificates.

        Escape
            Reset the content of the location bar to the current URI.

        Return
            "Commit", i.e. begin searching, do a keyword based search or
            open the URI.


Download manager

    Mod1 + d
        Close the download manager (downloads are not aborted).


======================
Command line arguments
======================

Usage:

    lariza [OPTION]... [URI]...

In addition to the standard arguments of GTK+ 3, lariza knows about the
following options:

    -e <wid>
        Embeds the main window and all newly created windows in the
        window specified by <wid>. The download manager is always a
        "popup".

    -C
        Disables cooperative instances.

    -T
        Disables automatic launching of suckless' tabbed.

After these options there can be any number of URIs. If no URIs are
given, $LARIZA_HOME_URI will be opened.


=====================
Environment variables
=====================

In addition to the standard variables of GTK+ 3, lariza knows about the
following environment variables:

    LARIZA_ACCEPTED_LANGUAGE
        In HTTP requests, WebKit sets the "Accepted-Language" header to
        this value. Defaults to "en-US".

    LARIZA_CRASH_AUTORELOAD_DELAY
        If/when the WebKit process crashes, lariza's main process will
        receive a signal and can act accordingly. The default value of
        this variable is "2", which means that lariza will wait two
        seconds and then reload each window/tab.

        If you set $LARIZA_CRASH_AUTORELOAD_DELAY to zero or any
        negative value, then lariza will not automatically reload
        anything. Note, however, that you can still do this manually by
        pressing the "reload" hotkey for each window.

    LARIZA_DOWNLOAD_DIR
        All downloads are automatically stored in this directory.
        Defaults to "/tmp".

    LARIZA_FIFO_SUFFIX
        Cooperative instances are implemented using a named pipe in the
        file system. The name of this pipe usually is (at least on
        modern systems following XDG "standards"):

            /var/run/user/$UID/lariza.fifo-$LARIZA_FIFO_SUFFIX

        $UID is the id of your user. $LARIZA_FIFO_SUFFIX defaults to
        "main". If you change this variable, you can launch several
        independent cooperative instances of lariza.

    LARIZA_HOME_URI
        This URI will be opened by pressing the appropriate hotkeys
        ("homepage" or "new window") and if no URIs are specified on the
        command line. Defaults to "about:blank".

    LARIZA_USER_AGENT
        Lariza will identify itself with this string. Uses WebKit's
        default value if unset.

    LARIZA_WEB_EXTENSIONS_DIR
        Sets the directory where WebKit will look for "web extensions".
        Defaults to "~/.local/share/lariza/web_extensions".

    LARIZA_ZOOM
        Zoom level for WebKit viewports. Defaults to 1.0.


=======================
Keyword based searching
=======================

In this file, you can configure keywords and the associated URIs:

    ~/.config/lariza/keywordsearch

Each line has to look like this:

    wi https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Search&search=%s

"wi" is the keyword, so when opening "wi foo", lariza will search in
Wikipedia. Note the "%s" at the end of the URI: This is where your
search term will be placed.

Lines starting with "#" are ignored.


================
Download manager
================

Open the download manager using the appropriate hotkey. A new window
listing your downloads will appear. Clicking on an item will remove it
from the list and -- if needed -- cancel the download.

There's no file manager integration (I don't use one), nor does lariza
delete, overwrite or resume downloads. If a file already exists, it
won't be touched. Instead, the new file name will have a suffix such as
".1", ".2", ".3" and so on.


======================
Bundled web extensions
======================

On startup, WebKit checks ~/.local/share/lariza/web_extensions for any
.so files. See this blog post for further information on these
extensions:

http://blogs.igalia.com/carlosgc/2013/09/10/webkit2gtk-web-process-extensions/

lariza comes with the following extensions:

    we_adblock.so

        Generic adblock. Reads patterns from the following file:

            ~/.config/lariza/adblock.black

        Each line can contain a regular expression. These expressions
        match case-insensitive and partially, i.e. ".*foo.*" is the same
        as ".*FOO.*" and you can use anchors like "^https?://...".

        Lines starting with "#" are ignored.

Those bundled web extensions are automatically compiled when you run
make. To use them, though, make sure to copy them to the directory
mentioned above.


====================
Trusted certificates
====================

By default, lariza trusts whatever CAs are trusted by WebKit, i.e. by
your GnuTLS installation. If you wish to trust additional certificates,
such as self-signed certificates, the first thing you should do is try
to add the appropriate CAs to your system-wide store.

If you wish to add simple exceptions, you can grab the certificate and
store it in the directory ~/.config/lariza/certs. The filename must be
equal to the hostname:

    $ echo | openssl s_client -connect foo.de:443 | openssl x509 >foo.de

This tells lariza to trust the given certificate when connecting to host
"foo.de".

You can reload these certificates at runtime by pressing the appropriate
hotkey (see above). Note that removed certificates will be kept in
memory until you restart lariza.

Note: This is NOT equal to certificate pinning. WebKit ignores
user-specified certificates if the server's certificate can be validated
by any system-wide CA.


====================
WebKit local storage
====================

WebKit does create files in your $XDG_* directories, i.e. ~/.local/share
or ~/.cache. It's up to you what you want to do with this junk. I remove
it regularly when no WebKit browser is running. Another option would be
to change the $XDG_* variables.

I have explicitly not turned off the local storage feature in WebKit
because I don't know if this breaks web applications.


============
Dependencies
============

lariza needs the following Arch Linux packages:

    - gtk3
    - webkit2gtk (WebKit2 API for GTK+ 3)


==========
Literature
==========

API references:

    - http://webkitgtk.org/reference/webkit2gtk/stable/index.html
    - https://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/stable/index.html
    - https://developer.gnome.org/glib/stable/index.html

Regular expressions supported by GRegex, you can use these in your
adblock patterns:

    - https://developer.gnome.org/glib/stable/glib-regex-syntax.html