aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/NOFORK_NOEXEC.lst
blob: 74922ff5216109a108290ce3c034d7c008186b91 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
Why an applet can't be NOFORK or NOEXEC?

Why can't be NOFORK:
interactive: may wait for user input, ^C has to work
spawner: "tool PROG ARGS" which changes program state and execs - must fork
changes state: e.g. environment, signal handlers
alloc+xfunc: xmalloc, then xfunc - leaks memory if xfunc dies
open+xfunc: opens fd, then calls xfunc - fd is leaked if xfunc dies
leaks: does not free allocated memory or opened fds
runner: sometimes may run for long(ish) time, and/or works with network:
	^C has to work (cat BIGFILE, chmod -R, ftpget, nc)

"runners" can become eligible after shell is taught ^C to interrupt NOFORKs,
need to be inspected that they do not fall into alloc+xfunc, open+xfunc
categories.

Why can't be NOEXEC:
suid: runs under different uid - must fork+exec

Why shouldn't be NOFORK/NOEXEC:
rare: not started often enough to bother optimizing (example: poweroff)
daemon: runs indefinitely; these are also always fit "rare" category
longterm: often runs for a long time (many seconds), execing would make
	memory footprint smaller
complex: no immediately obvious reason why NOFORK wouldn't work,
	but does some non-obvoius operations (example: fuser, lsof, losetup)

[ - NOFORK
[[ - NOFORK
acpid - daemon
add-shell
addgroup
adduser
adjtimex
ar - runner
arch - NOFORK
arp
arping - runner
ash - interactive
awk - noexec. runner
base64 - runner
basename - NOFORK
beep
blkdiscard
blkid
blockdev
bootchartd - daemon
brctl
bunzip2 - runner
busybox
bzcat - runner
bzip2 - runner
cal - runner: cal -n9999
cat - runner
chat
chattr - runner
chgrp - noexec. runner
chmod - noexec. runner
chown - noexec. runner
chpasswd - runner (list of "user:password"s from stdin)
chpst - spawner
chroot - spawner
chrt - spawner
chvt - leaks: get_console_fd_or_die() may open a new fd, or return one of stdio fds. Also, "rare" category. Can be noexec.
cksum - noexec. runner
clear - NOFORK
cmp - runner
comm - runner
conspy - interactive
cp - noexec. runner
cpio - runner
crond - daemon
crontab
cryptpw - changes state: with --password-fd=N, moves N to stdin. Also, "rare" category. Can be noexec.
cttyhack - spawner
cut - noexec. runner
date - noexec. nofork candidate(needs to stop messing up env, free xasprintf result, not use xfuncs after xasprintf)
dc - runner (eats stdin if no params)
dd - noexec. runner
deallocvt
delgroup
deluser
depmod
devmem - runner, complex (access to device memory may hang)
df - complex (nested allocs)
dhcprelay - daemon
diff - runner
dirname - NOFORK
dmesg - runner
dnsd - daemon
dnsdomainname - DNS resolution may trigger, need ^C
dos2unix - noexec. runner
dpkg - runner
du - runner
dumpkmap
dumpleases
echo - NOFORK
ed - interactive
egrep - runner
eject
env - noexec. changes state (env)
envdir - spawner
envuidgid - spawner
expand - runner
expr - complex (nested allocs)
factor - runner (eats stdin if no params)
fakeidentd - daemon
false - NOFORK
fatattr - complex (xopen+xioctl can leak fd)
fbset
fbsplash - runner, interactive
fdflush
fdformat - runner
fdisk - interactive
fgconsole
fgrep - runner
find - noexec. runner
findfs - suid
flash_eraseall
flash_lock
flash_unlock
flashcp
flock
fold - noexec. runner
free - nofork candidate(struct globals, needs to close /proc/meminfo fd)
freeramdisk
fsck - interactive
fsck.minix
fsfreeze
fstrim
fsync - NOFORK
ftpd - daemon
ftpget - runner
ftpput - runner
fuser - complex
getopt - noexec. complex (many allocs)
getty - interactive
grep - runner
groups - noexec
gunzip - runner
gzip - runner
halt - rare
hd - noexec. runner
hdparm - complex, rare
head - noexec. runner
hexdump - noexec. runner
hostid - NOFORK
hostname - DNS resolution may trigger, need ^C
httpd - daemon
hush - interactive
hwclock
i2cdetect
i2cdump
i2cget
i2cset
id - noexec
ifconfig
ifenslave
ifplugd - daemon
inetd - daemon
init - daemon
inotifyd - daemon
insmod - noexec
install - runner
ionice - spawner
iostat - runner
ip - noexec candidate
ipaddr - noexec candidate
ipcalc - noexec candidate
ipcrm - noexec candidate
ipcs - noexec candidate
iplink - noexec candidate
ipneigh - noexec candidate
iproute - noexec candidate
iprule - noexec candidate
iptunnel - noexec candidate
kbd_mode
kill - NOFORK
killall - NOFORK
killall5 - NOFORK
klogd - daemon
last - runner (I've got 1300 lines of output when tried it)
less - interactive
link - NOFORK
linux32 - spawner
linux64 - spawner
linuxrc - daemon
ln - noexec
loadfont
loadkmap
logger - runner
login - suid, interactive
logname - NOFORK
losetup - complex
lpd - daemon
lpq - runner
lpr - runner
ls - noexec. runner
lsattr
lsmod - noexec
lsof - complex
lspci
lsscsi
lsusb
lzcat - runner
lzma - runner
lzop - runner
lzopcat - runner
makedevs
makemime - runner
man - spawner, interactive
md5sum - noexec. runner
mdev - daemon
mesg
microcom - interactive, complex
mkdir - NOFORK
mkdosfs
mke2fs
mkfifo - noexec
mkfs.ext2
mkfs.minix
mkfs.vfat
mknod - noexec
mkpasswd
mkswap
mktemp
modinfo - noexec
modprobe - noexec
more - interactive
mount - suid
mountpoint
mpstat
mt
mv - runner (can be noexec?)
nameif
nbd-client
nc - runner
netstat - runner with -c
nice - spawner
nl - runner
nmeter - runner
nohup - spawner
nproc - NOFORK
ntpd - daemon
od - runner
openvt - spawner
partprobe
passwd - suid
paste - noexec. runner
patch
pgrep - nofork candidate(xregcomp, procps_scan - are they ok?)
pidof - nofork candidate(uses find_pid_by_name, is that ok?)
ping - suid, runner
ping6 - suid, runner
pipe_progress
pivot_root
pkill - nofork candidate(xregcomp, procps_scan - are they ok?)
pmap
popmaildir - runner
poweroff - rare
powertop - interactive, longterm
printenv - NOFORK
printf - NOFORK
ps - noexec candidate
pscan - longterm
pstree
pwd - NOFORK
pwdx - NOFORK
raidautorun
rdate
rdev
readlink - NOFORK
readprofile
realpath - NOFORK
reboot - rare
reformime - runner
remove-shell
renice - nofork candidate(uses getpwnam, is that ok?)
reset - spawner (execs "stty")
resize - noexec. changes state (signal handlers)
rev - runner
rm - noexec. rm -i interactive
rmdir - NOFORK
rmmod - noexec
route
rpm - runner
rpm2cpio - runner
rtcwake - complex, rare
run-parts
runlevel
runsv - daemon
runsvdir - daemon
rx - runner
script
scriptreplay
sed - runner
sendmail - runner
seq - noexec. runner
setarch - spawner
setconsole
setfont
setkeycodes
setlogcons
setpriv - spawner
setserial
setsid - spawner
setuidgid
sh - interactive
sha1sum - noexec. runner
sha256sum - noexec. runner
sha3sum - noexec. runner
sha512sum - noexec. runner
showkey - interactive
shred - runner
shuf - noexec. runner
slattach
sleep - runner
smemcap - runner
softlimit - spawner
sort - noexec. runner
split - runner
ssl_client - network
start-stop-daemon
stat - nofork candidate(needs fewer allocs)
strings - runner
stty
su - suid, spawner
sulogin - spawner
sum - runner
sv
svc
svlogd - daemon
swapoff - rare
swapon - rare
switch_root - spawner, rare, changes state
sync - NOFORK
sysctl
syslogd - daemon
tac - noexec. runner
tail - runner
tar - runner
taskset - spawner
tcpsvd - daemon
tee - runner
telnet - interactive
telnetd - daemon
test - NOFORK
tftp - runner
tftpd - daemon
time - spawner, changes state (signals)
timeout - spawner, changes state (signals)
top - interactive, longterm
touch - NOFORK
tr - runner
traceroute - suid, runner
traceroute6 - suid, runner
true - NOFORK
truncate - NOFORK
tty - NOFORK
ttysize - NOFORK
tunctl
tune2fs
ubiattach
ubidetach
ubimkvol
ubirename
ubirmvol
ubirsvol
ubiupdatevol
udhcpc - daemon
udhcpd - daemon
udpsvd - daemon
uevent - daemon
umount
uname - NOFORK
uncompress - runner
unexpand - runner
uniq - runner
unix2dos - noexec. runner
unlink - NOFORK
unlzma - runner
unlzop - runner
unxz - runner
unzip - runner
uptime - nofork candidate(is getutxent ok?)
users - nofork candidate(is getutxent ok?)
usleep - NOFORK
uudecode - runner
uuencode - runner
vconfig
vi - interactive
vlock - suid
volname - runner
w
wall - suid
watch - runner
watchdog - daemon
wc - runner
wget - runner
which - NOFORK
who
whoami - NOFORK
whois
xargs - noexec. spawner
xxd - noexec. runner
xz - runner
xzcat - runner
yes - noexec. runner
zcat - runner
zcip - daemon